Lab 4: Endocrine System and Diabetes

Question 1

______ are ductless glands that secrete hormones into the bloodstream to aid in homeostasis.

Answer 1

Endocrine glands

Question 2

______ are chemical messengers that initiate a change in a target cell.

Answer 2

hormones

Question 3

_____ have specific receptors for specific hormones.

Answer 3

target cells

Question 4

____ increase cell size and rate of division.

Answer 4

Growth Hormone (hGH)

Question 5

_____ action is to produce milk.

Answer 5

prolactin (PRL)

Question 6

_____ controls the release of thyroid hormones.

Answer 6

Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)

Question 7

____ controls release of hormones from the adrenal cortex.

Answer 7

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

Question 8

____ is responsible for the development of egg follicles and release of estrogen in females.

Answer 8

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

Question 9

____ is responsible for stimulating sperm production in males.

Answer 9

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

Question 10

_____ promotes sex hormone secretion and release of egg from ovaries.

Answer 10

Luteinizing hormone (GH)

Question 11

_____ causes kidneys to conserve water.

Answer 11

antidiuretic hormone (SDH)

Question 12

_____ causes uterine contraction and milk secretion.

Answer 12

Oxytocin (OT)

Question 13

Anterior lobe of the pituitary gland releases what hormones.

Answer 13

Growth hormone (hGH)
Prolctin (PRL)
Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
Luteinizing hormone (LH)

Question 14

Posterior lobe of the pituitary gland releases what hormones.

Answer 14

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
Oxytocin (OT)

Question 15

_____ increases energy release from carbs.

Answer 15

thyroxine (T4)

Question 16

____ increases rate of protein synthesis.

Answer 16

thyroxine (T4)

Question 17

_____ increases growth rate.

Answer 17

thyroxine (T4)

Question 18

_______increases energy release from carbs, rate of protein synthesis, and growth rate, but is 5x stronger than T4.

Answer 18

Triiodothyronine T3

Question 19

______ decreases blood Ca 2+ levels.

Answer 19

Calcitonin

Question 20

Calcitonin opposes ____.

Answer 20

PTH

Question 21

____ increases blood Ca2+ levels.

Answer 21

PTH

Question 22

PTH opposes ____.

Answer 22

calcitonin

Question 23

____ tells kidneys to conserve Na+ and excrete K+

Answer 23

aldosterone

Question 24

Cortisol ___ protein synthesis, ____ fatty acid release, ____ glucose synthesis from non-carbohydrates.

Answer 24

decreases
increases
increases

Question 25

_______ supplement sex hormones.

Answer 25

adrenal androgens

Question 26

Adrenal Cortex hormones (3)

Answer 26

aldosterone
cortisol
adrenal androgen

Question 27

Adrenal Medulla Hormones (2)

Answer 27

Epinephrine

Norepinephrine

Question 28

____ increase HR and SV (BP)

Answer 28

Epinephrine and Norepinephrine

Question 29

____ causes vasodilation to skeletal muscles and brain.

Answer 29

epinephrine

Question 30

_____ increases airway dilation.

Answer 30

Epinephrine

Question 31

_____ increases metabolic rate and breakdown of glycogen to glucose from liver.

Answer 31

Epinephrine

Question 32

______ causes vasoconstriction to skin and viscera.

Answer 32

norepinephrine

Question 33

Norepinephrine ____ metabolic rate.

Answer 33

increases

Question 34

Pancreatic Hormones (2)

Answer 34

glucagon

insulin

Question 35

Glucagon ___ blood sugar levels.

Answer 35

increases

Question 36

Insulin ____ blood sugar levels.

Answer 36

decreases

Question 37

____ breaks down glycogen and lipids.

Answer 37

glucagon

Question 38

Glucagon stimulates _____ from non carbohydrates.

Answer 38

glucose synthesis

Question 39

Insulin promotes synthesis of ____.

Answer 39

glycogen.

Question 40

Insulin enhances the absorption of _____ by adipocytes and skeletal muscle fibers.

Answer 40

glucose

Question 41

Insulin enhances synthesis of proteins and inhibits _____ of non-carb’s into glucose.

Answer 41

conversion

Question 42

_____ diabetes is a genetic mutation, pancreas doesn’t create insulin.

Answer 42

Type 1

Question 43

___ diabetes is when the pancreas doesn’t create enough insulin (over worked) or the body cells are resistance to the insulin (over used insulin).

Answer 43

Type 2

Question 44

____ diabetes occurs in pregnancy, the pancreas doesn’t create enough insulin.

Answer 44

gestational