L8 - forebrain Flashcards
origin or forebrain
prosencephalon
contents of forebrain
inner and outer
contents of inner brain
diencephalon
contents of outer brain
telencephalon
contents of diencephalon
thalamus
hypothalamus
contents of telencephalon
- cerebral cortex and CN1
- corpus striatum
- limbic structures
- subcortical fibres
- cerebral hemisphers
role of forebrain
responsible for a higher level processing such as memory, cognition, learning, integration…etc
what is the telencephalon
two swellings on either side of the midline connected via the lamina terminalis
development of the diencephalon
swellings of the lateral aspect of the central canal, the lumen of the central canal is diminished , forming the diencephalon
location of thalamus on the diencephalon
dorsally
location of hypothalamus on the diencephalon
ventrally
which ventricle lies in the middle of the diencephalon
3rd
location of inferior horn of lateral ventricle
temporal lobe
location of anterior horn of lateral ventricle
frontal lobe
location of posterior horn of lateral ventricle
occipital lobe
role of thalamus
relay station between parts of CNS
role of hypothalamus
autonomic and neuroendocrine functions
role of subthalamus
functionally part of basal nuclei - involved in motor control
role of epithalamus
includes pineal gland - secretes melatonin
basal nuclei
cell bodies in the cns
what is the thalamus composed of
grey matter
how are the thalami connected
interthalamic adhesion / mass intermedia
motor processing of thalamus
through connections with basal ganglia and cerebellum
nuclei and internal organisation of thalami
anterior nuclear group
medial nuclear group
lateral nuclear group
lateral nuclear group of the thalami
ventral posterior lateral
ventral posterior medial
lateral geniculate
medial geniculate
role of ventral posterior lateral
receives information from somatic sensory system and send information to primary sensory cortex
role of ventral posterior medial
recieve information from somatic sensory system and send information to primary sensory cortex
lateral geniculate
receives information from vision and sends to visual cortex
medial geniculate
connects auditory apparatus and project to auditory cortex
cheif structure of homeostasis and autonomic control
hypothalamus
anterior border of hypothalamus
anterior commissure and lamina terminalis
anterior and ventral border of hypothalamus
optic chiasma
location of limbic lobe
sits on the medial surface and expands into the 4 surrounding lobes
limbic system
memory and emotion
where does CN1 develop
telencephalon
corpus striatum
internal structures of grey matter of each cerebral hemisphere
- involved in motor control
what is the corpus striatum part of
basal ganglia
structures within the corpus striatum
- globus pallidus
- putamen
- caudate nucleus
location of putamen within corpus striatum
more lateral
shape of caudate nucleus
C shape with a little tail
why does the corpus striatum appear stripy
caudate nucleus and putamen are separate so have cellular bridges connecting them
location of caudate nucleis
- head and body form lateral wall of lateral ventricle
- tail forms roof of inferior horn of lateral ventricle
hemispheric limbic structures
- hippocampus
- fornix
- amygdala
hippocampus
- looks like sausage
- connected to fornix
location of fornix
arches over the thalamus
Cumbria of fornix
bring white matter fibres from hippocampus and converge them to form the crus of the fornix more anteriorly
shape of fornix
C shape
columns of the fornix
white matter structures which connect efferent fibres and delve into maxillary bodies of hypothalamus
amygdala
tiny nuclei
which type of fibre does the fornix contain?
efferent and afferent
classes of fibres in the white matter on the hemisphere
- association
- commissural
- projection
role of association fibres
interconnect areas within a hemisphere and adjacent gyri
short association fibres
connect pre and post central gyri
long association fibres
connect lobes of the brain
role of commissural fibres
interconnect areas between hemispheres
components of the corpus callosum
rostrum
genu
body
splenium
anterior commisure
small commissural fibres which contain white matter between the hemispheres and forms a relationship with the hypthalamus
hippocampal commissure
allows information from one hippocampus to each the other
role of projection fibres
interconnection cerebrum with rest of CNS
projection fibres - corona radiata
funnels down as the internal capsule - they are continuous
what type of fibres are projection fibres
ascending and descending
location of internal capsule
passes between head of caudate and lentiform nuclei
posterior limb in internal capsule
between thalamus and lentiform nucleic laterally
anterior limb of internal capsule
between head od caudate and putamen
part of internal capsule that bends like a knee
genu of internal capsule
