L2 - the skull Flashcards
how many bones are there in the skull
22
which is the only synovial joint in the skull
temporomandibular join
role of the sinuses
- lighten the weight of the skull
- filter and humidify air
- resonate boice
sinuses
- sphenoid
- ethmoid air cells
- frontal
- maxillary
where does the sphenoid sinus drain into
superior meatus
where do the ethmoid air cells drain into
superior meatus
where does the frontal sinus drain into
middle meatus
where does the maxillary sinus drain into
middle meatus
what drains into the superior meatus
sphenoid
ethmoid air cells
what drains into the middle meatus
maxillary
frontal
what drains into the inferior meatus
contents of the nasal lacrimal duct
location of pituitary gland
sits on top of the sphenoid bone
external auditory canal
connects external ear with the middle ear
tympanic membrane
covers the external auditory canal
which membrane covers the external auditory canal
tympanic membrane
why are the skulls of newborns different
bones are not fused together
- results in large membraneous areas called fontanelles
fontanelles
membraneous areas in newborns resulting from the absence of bones fusing together
importance of fontanelles
- to allow the slight deformations during birth through the birth canal
- to accommodate brain growth post-natally
functions of cribriform plate
allow the passage of olfactory nerves
cribriform plate
holes in ethmoid bone
petrous temporal bone
separates the middle and posterior cranial fossa
where is the anterior cranial fossa located?
frontal lobe
where is the middle cranial fossa located?
temporal lobe
where is the posterior cranial fossa located?
cerebellum and brainstel
crista galli
forms an important attachment for the dura mater
where is the crista galli located
ethmoid bone
foramen in the skull
- cribriform plate
- superior orbital fissure
- optic canal
- foramen lacerum
- internal auditory canal
- hypoglossal canal
- foramen magnum
- jugular foramen
- ROS
- internal orbital fissure
- intra-orbital foramen
- pituitary fossa
- stylomastoid foramen
- carotid canal
what do sphenoid ridges separate
the anterior cranial fossa and the middle cranial fossa
ROS
- foramen rotundum
- foramen ovale
- foramen spinosum
foramen lacerum
not natural in living people as is covered by a layer of cartilage
what sits in the pituitary fossa
the pituitary gland
function of optic canal
allows for the passage of the optic nerve
functions of superior orbital fissure
allows for passage of:
- oculomotor nerve
- trochlear nerve
- abducens nerve
- ophthalmic branch of the trigeminal nerve
functions of foramen rotundum
allows for passage of maxillary branch of trigeminal nerve
functions of foramen ovale
allows for passage of mandibular branch of trigeminal nerve
functions of foramen spinosum
allows for passage of middle meningeal artery into the cranial cavity
functions of internal acoustic canal
allows for passage of:
- facial nerve
- vestibotrochlear nerve
functions of jugular foramen
allows for the passage of:
- internal jugular vein
- glossopharyngeal nerve
- vagus nerve
- spinal accessory nerve
functions of hypoglossal canal
allows for passage of the hypoglossal nerve
where is the hypoglossal canal located
tucked under the occipital condyles
functions of foramen magnum
allows for passage of the spinal cord
what makes up the hard palatte
- horizontal process of the maxilla
- palatine bones
flat parts of sphenoid bone
medial and lateral pterygoid plates
location of occipital condyles
vertebrae 1 (c1)
functions of stylomastoid foramen
allows passage / exit of facial nerve so it can innervate the face
functions of the carotid canal
allows for entry of the carotid artery
location of the carotid canal
medial to the stylomastoid foramen
