L23 - oncology for CNS tumours Flashcards
what % of cancers are CNS tumours
3£
when to scan for a tumour
headache + neurological sign
what % of people have right hemisphere as their dominant hemisphere
10
where is lesion if the person has expressive aphasia (cannot speak properly but can understand what is said)
broca’s area
location of brocas area
left temper-frontal region
lesion if someone is withdrawn, apathetic, bad temperated, headaches and vomiting
frontal lobe
role of frontal lobe
higher order functioning such as personality, behaviour, planning, timekeeping…etc
why would someone get headaches / vomit
pressure symptoms
location of lesion if woman cannot dress herself properly and has numbness down one side
parietal lobe = dyspraxia
side effects of steroids
weight gain
blood pressure
how does radiotherapy kill the cells
damages DNA so that they are no longer able to replicate
protons
enter tissues and move through until a certain depth
- this means that structures beneath are sparec
side effects of radiotherapy - acute
- cerebral oedema causing raised ICP
- hair loss
- scalp / ear erythema
side effects of radiotherapy - intermediate
- somnolence (severe tiredness)
- exacerbation of severe neurological symptoms
side effects of radiotherapy - late effects
damage to sensitive structures such as lens (cataracts) pituitary or cerebral hemispheres (memory loss)
treatment outcome for grade 1 gliomas
many years or even cured
treatment outcome for grade 2 gliomas
5-12 years (depending on type)
treatment outcome for grade 3 gliomas
2-4 years (depending on type)
treatment outcome for grade 4 gliomas
6-18 months (depending on prognostic factors)
Gamma Knife
treats brain lesions with enough radiation to control them, so that they disappear, shrink or stop growing
It can be used to treat targets even in the most critical, difficult-to-access areas of the brain without delivering significant radiation doses to healthy normal brain tissue.
