L17: Carriage Of Carbon Dioxide Flashcards
What are the 3 ways carbon dioxide is carried in the blood
Physically dissolved
Bound to proteins in plasma called carbino and RBC
Carried as bicarbonate ion
What is a carbino
NHCOO-
What is a bicarbonate
HCO3-
What is the greatest way carbon dioxide is carried in the blood
Bicarbonate
What is the reaction of carbon dioxide to form bicarbonate ion
Co2 + h20 > h2co3 > hco3- + h+
Which enzyme is involved in making bicarbonate ions
Carbonic anhydrase
Describe the process of bicarbonate ions leaving the blood to enter the tissue
1) bicarbonate ion is produced via carbonic anhydrase when carbon dioxide enters the red blood cells
2) bicarbonate ion concentration increases in the red blood cell and leaves into the plasma down its chemical gradient
3) this leaves an electrical gradient inside the RBC so chloride enters
4) carbon dioxide reacts with amine groups to give carbon amino groups
5) carbino buffers with hydrogen ions and ph is maintained
6) buffering hydrogen ions enables carbon dioxide to move and stops it from reaching equilibrium
Do we have more carbon dioxide or oxygen in the blood
Carbon dioxide
Which gas does the Bohr effect take action on
Oxygen
Which gas does the haldane effect to action on
Carbon dioxide
What is the normal paco2
5kpa
What is the venous carbon dioxide
6kpa
What does the haldane effect do
Allow an additional 40ml/l to be carried as the blood goes from arterial to venous
How is the haldane effect possible
Deoxygenated haemoglobin has a higher affinity for carbon dioxide
Deoxygenated haemoglobin binds to hydrogen ions more avidly than oxygenate haemoglobin
What is the normal blood ph
7.4
