L03: The Gas Laws And VE Flashcards
For which processes do we breath
Excercise Metabolic Temperature regulation Expel particles Endocrine Haematological (for RBC) Water elimination Phonation
What is the RQ equation
Vco2/ Vo2
What does RQ depend on
The food you are having
What is the conducting zone
A region where gas exchange does not occur
What is the respiratory zone
A region where gas exchange occurs
From which generation is the conducting zone
Generation 0-16
From which generation is the respiratory zone
Generation 16-23
Which structures of the lung are involved in the conducting zone
Trachea
Bronchi
Bronchioles
Terminal bronchioles
Which structures of the lung are involved with the respiratory zone
Respiratory bronchioles
Alveolar ducts
Alveolar sacs
What happens to the cross sectional area as you get more branches
Increases
What happens to the speed of gas flow as the cross sectional area increases
Decreases
At the respiratory zone how does gases move
Via diffusion
What has to be present for gas diffusion to occur
Partial pressure gradient (high to low)
What is a partial pressure
Concentration of a particular gas particles
What is atmospheric pressure
Pressure exerted by the weight of all gas molecules above the point of measurement
What happens to the atmospheric pressure as you go up the earth
Decreases
Why is the atmospheric pressure less at high altitudes
The gravity is less so less weight is exerted by gas molecules
What is the equation for atmospheric pressure
Atmospheric pressure= total of individual partial pressure
What is the equation for partial pressure
Partial pressure= fractional concentration of gas in mixture * total pressure
What is dead space
A region where no gas exchange takes place
What are the 2 types of dead space
Anatomical
Alveolar
What is the anatomical dead space
The conducting zone
What is the alveolar dead space
Dead space in the respiratory zone caused by disease
What is the total dead space known as
Physiological dead space
What is the equation for physiological dead space
Physiological dead space= anatomical + alveolar dead space
In a healthy individual what is the alveolar dead space
0
What is v.E
Minute ventilation (the gas breathed out in one minute)
What is the equation for V.E
V.E= VT * f
What is VT
Tidal volume (volume of normal breath)
What is alveolar ventilation (V.A)
Useful gas that reaches the respiratory zone and passes the anatomical dead space
What is the equation for V.A
V.A= (VT-VD) * F
Why are slow deep breaths efficient
More gas passes the dead space and reaches the alveoli to become used
