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Irm > L14: Respiratory Anatomy > Flashcards

L14: Respiratory Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

What are the structures of the rib cage

A 
Clavicle 
Manubrium of sternum 
Sternum 
Xyphoid process 
Intercostal cartilage 
Ribs 
Spine
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2
Q

How many lobes does the right lobe have

A

3

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3
Q

How many lobes does the left lobe have

A

2

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4
Q

What are the branches of the lung starting from trachea

A

Trachea
Bronchus
Segmental bronchus
Alveoli

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5
Q

What are the right lobes called

A

Upper
Middle
Lower

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6
Q

What are the left lobes

A

Upper

Lower

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7
Q

What are the blood vessels that go to the lungs from the right heart

A

Pulmonary artery

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8
Q

What are the blood vessels that carry blood from the lungs to the left heart

A

Pulmonary veins

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9
Q

What is laryngoscopy

A

A procedure that looks into the larynx

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10
Q

What are the structures of the larynx

A

Vocal cord
Epiglottis
Arytenoid cartilage

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11
Q

Where is the larynx located

A

Above the trachea

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12
Q

Which structure lies behind the trachea

A

Oesophageous

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13
Q

What is the point of bifurcation of the airway called

A

Carina

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14
Q

How many carina does the lung have

A

2

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15
Q

What are the carinas called

A

Primary carina

Secondary carina

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16
Q

Which lung is the secondary carina only at

A

Left lung

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17
Q

What are the cartilage of the trachea called

A

C-shaped ring cartilage

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18
Q

What is the role of the c-shaped cartilage

A

Compresses the oesophagus and does not let food bolus pass

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19
Q

What is the bronchial tree composed of

A 
Main bronchus 
Lobar bronchus
Segmental bronchus 
Conducting bronchiole 
Terminal bronchiole 
Respiratory bronchiole
20
Q

Which part of the bronchial tree is part of the respiratory zone for gas exchange

A

Terminal bronchiole

Respiratory bronchiole

21
Q

How does asthma cause obstruction

A

Smooth muscle contracts due to inflammation from allergens

22
Q

Is breathing in or breathing out a problem in asthma

A

Breathing out

23
Q

What is pneumonia

A

Inflammatory infiltrates go into the alveoli to fight infection and fill them up

24
Q

What happens to the diaphragm when we breath in

A

Contracts to flatten

25
Q

What are the inspiration muscles

A

Sternomastocloid muscles
Scalenes
External intercostal
Diaphragm

26
Q

What are the muscles involved in forced expiration

A

Internal intercostal
Rectum abdominals
External abdominal oblique

27
Q

Which muscle lies on the chest

A

Pectoralis major

28
Q

Which structures pierce through the diaphragm

A

Inferior vena cava
Esophagus
Aorta

29
Q

At what level does the inferior vena cava pass through8 the diaphragm

A

T8

30
Q

At what level does the oesophagus pierce the diaphragm

A

T10

31
Q

At what level does the aorta pass through the diaphragm

A

T12

32
Q

What mechanical problems can occur for the lungs

A

Congenital Diaphragm hernia

Duchenne muscular dystrophy

33
Q

Which nerve supplies the diaphragm

A

Phrenic nerve

34
Q

Which spinal nerves does phrenic nerve come form

A

C3-C5

35
Q

Which fissure divides the upper, middle and lower lobe of the right lung

A

Oblique fissure

36
Q

Which fissure divides the upper and lower lobe of the right lung

A

Horizontal fissure

37
Q

Which pleura lines the lungs

A

Visceral pleura

38
Q

What are behinds ribs

A

Neurovascular bundle

39
Q

What does the neurovascular bundle contain

A

Intercostal vein
Intercostal artery
Intercostal nerve

40
Q

Where does the neurovascular bundle sit on the ribs

A

Bottom and back

41
Q

Which structure does the phrenic nerve run infront of

A

Hilum of lung

42
Q

Which other nerve runs behinds the hilum of the lung

A

Vagus nerve

43
Q

Which vein runs on the right side of the body

A

Azygous vein

44
Q

What is pleural effusion

A

Fluid fills the pleural space

45
Q

What is pneumothorax

A

Air fills the pleural fluid

Irm (21 decks)

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