L14: Respiratory Anatomy Flashcards
What are the structures of the rib cage
Clavicle Manubrium of sternum Sternum Xyphoid process Intercostal cartilage Ribs Spine
How many lobes does the right lobe have
3
How many lobes does the left lobe have
2
What are the branches of the lung starting from trachea
Trachea
Bronchus
Segmental bronchus
Alveoli
What are the right lobes called
Upper
Middle
Lower
What are the left lobes
Upper
Lower
What are the blood vessels that go to the lungs from the right heart
Pulmonary artery
What are the blood vessels that carry blood from the lungs to the left heart
Pulmonary veins
What is laryngoscopy
A procedure that looks into the larynx
What are the structures of the larynx
Vocal cord
Epiglottis
Arytenoid cartilage
Where is the larynx located
Above the trachea
Which structure lies behind the trachea
Oesophageous
What is the point of bifurcation of the airway called
Carina
How many carina does the lung have
2
What are the carinas called
Primary carina
Secondary carina
Which lung is the secondary carina only at
Left lung
What are the cartilage of the trachea called
C-shaped ring cartilage
What is the role of the c-shaped cartilage
Compresses the oesophagus and does not let food bolus pass
What is the bronchial tree composed of
Main bronchus Lobar bronchus Segmental bronchus Conducting bronchiole Terminal bronchiole Respiratory bronchiole
Which part of the bronchial tree is part of the respiratory zone for gas exchange
Terminal bronchiole
Respiratory bronchiole
How does asthma cause obstruction
Smooth muscle contracts due to inflammation from allergens
Is breathing in or breathing out a problem in asthma
Breathing out
What is pneumonia
Inflammatory infiltrates go into the alveoli to fight infection and fill them up
What happens to the diaphragm when we breath in
Contracts to flatten
What are the inspiration muscles
Sternomastocloid muscles
Scalenes
External intercostal
Diaphragm
What are the muscles involved in forced expiration
Internal intercostal
Rectum abdominals
External abdominal oblique
Which muscle lies on the chest
Pectoralis major
Which structures pierce through the diaphragm
Inferior vena cava
Esophagus
Aorta
At what level does the inferior vena cava pass through8 the diaphragm
T8
At what level does the oesophagus pierce the diaphragm
T10
At what level does the aorta pass through the diaphragm
T12
What mechanical problems can occur for the lungs
Congenital Diaphragm hernia
Duchenne muscular dystrophy
Which nerve supplies the diaphragm
Phrenic nerve
Which spinal nerves does phrenic nerve come form
C3-C5
Which fissure divides the upper, middle and lower lobe of the right lung
Oblique fissure
Which fissure divides the upper and lower lobe of the right lung
Horizontal fissure
Which pleura lines the lungs
Visceral pleura
What are behinds ribs
Neurovascular bundle
What does the neurovascular bundle contain
Intercostal vein
Intercostal artery
Intercostal nerve
Where does the neurovascular bundle sit on the ribs
Bottom and back
Which structure does the phrenic nerve run infront of
Hilum of lung
Which other nerve runs behinds the hilum of the lung
Vagus nerve
Which vein runs on the right side of the body
Azygous vein
What is pleural effusion
Fluid fills the pleural space
What is pneumothorax
Air fills the pleural fluid
