Knee special tests

Question 1

Anterior Drawer, Lachman

Answer 1

Tests ACL

Question 2

Posterior Drawer, Sag test (Godfrey’s)

Answer 2

PCL

Question 3

Valgus Stress Test

Answer 3

Test at O and 250-entire medial joint capsule and other restraining striations25 - isolate MCL

Question 4

Varus Stress Test

Answer 4

Test at 0 and 250- LCL, lateral jont capsule, cruciate ligaments, 25 - isolate LCL

Question 5

JointPlay of proximal tibiofibular syndesomsis

Answer 5

knee flexed, pt supine, grab and move fibula back and forth, stabilize tibia with other handanterior shift - damage to posterior ligamentposterior shift- damgage to anterior ligament

Question 6

Slocum Drawer Test

Answer 6

-tests for rotational knee instability-internal rotation: ACL, anterolateral capsule, LCL, IT band, popliteus endon, posteroalteral complex, lateral meniscus-external rotation: MCL, anteromedial capsule, ACL, posteromedial capsule, pes anserine, medial meniscus

Question 7

Crossover Test

Answer 7

Pt stands on involved leg.Pt cross uninvolved leg in front (ALRI) then to the back (AMRI)

Question 8

Pivot Shift Test (Jerk TEst)

Answer 8

Tests for anterolateral knee instability Pt is supine, hip is in 30 degrees of flexion, tibia internally rotated, grab at foot and apply valgus force to knee,Knee is passivley flexed, look or tibia’s position to reduce Jerk test, leg begins in flexion and is passively extended, look for anterior subluxation-ACL, anterolaeral capsule, LCL, biceps femoris, lateral meniscus, popliteus, posterolateral capsule

Question 9

Slocum Anterolateral Rotary Instability (ALRI) test

Answer 9

Pt is side lying on flexed uninvolved hip and kneeExaminer places a valgus force to involved kneelook for clunk or instability as lateral tibial plateau sub luxes-ACL, LCL, anaterolateral capsule, arcuate ligament complex, biceps femoris tendon, IT band

Question 10

Dial Test

Answer 10

External rotation test-posterolateral knee instabilitypt is supine, knees flexed and examiner externally rotates tibias-difference at 30 - isolated posterolateral corner-difference at 90 - isolated PCL-diffrence at both - PCL, posterolateral knee structures, posterolateral corner

Question 11

External Rotation Recurvatum Test

Answer 11

Examiner lefts both legs by ends of feet and observe bilateral alignment of knees-look for difference in hyperextension, external femoral rotation, varus alignment between 2 knees

Question 12

Posterolateral/ Posteromedial Drawer Test

Answer 12

Tibia externally rotated: posterolateral corner and PCLtibia internally rotated: PCL tear, oblique ligament, MCL, posteromedial capsule, semimembranosus

Question 13

Reverse Pivot Shift

Answer 13

Examiner externally rotates tibia and flexes kneeKnee is passively extended till clunk is felt as tibia reduces on femur-posterolateral rotatory instability or trauma to posterolateral corner

Question 14

McMurray’s Appley’s Compression and Distraction

Answer 14

Meniscus

Question 15

Thessasly Test

Answer 15

Meniscus tearsPt stands flatfooted on involved legExaminer balances pt as pt rotates internally and externallyin first rotation knee is flexed at 5 degreesin 2nd rotation knee is flexed 20 degrees- complains of joint line discomfort, catching or locking

Question 16

Noble’s Test or Renne’s Test

Answer 16

examiner passivley flexes and extends kneewhile holding IT band against lateral femoral condyletests for IT band friction syndrome

Question 17

Ober’s Test

Answer 17

tests for IT band tightness

Question 18

Clark’s Sign or Grind Test

Answer 18

Chrondamalcia

Question 19

Apprehension

Answer 19

move patella as far laterally as allowed-laxity of medial retinaculum, patellar subluxation

Question 20

Plica Test

Answer 20

pt supine in 90/90 examiner internally rotates tibia and moves patella medialthen extends the leg, feeling anteromedial capsule and for plica moving