Chapter 13 - Off-the-Field Injury Evaluation Flashcards
Diagnosis
denotes what disease, injury, or syndrome a person has or is believed to have
planes of the body
sagittal (anteroposterior)
transverse (cross-sectional)
coronal/frontal (mediolateral)
distal
proximal
anterior
posterior
medial
lateral
inferior
superior
abdominopelvic regions
R hypochondriac region epigastric region left hypochondriac region
right lateral abdominal region umbilical region left lateral abdominal region
right inguinal region hypogastric region left inguinal region
abduction
adduction
eversion
inversion
extension
flexion
internal rotation
external rotation
pronation
supination
valgus
varus
biomechanics
application of mechanical forces to living organisms
pathomechanics
mechanical forces that are applied to a living organism and adversely change the body’s structure and function
etiology
cause of injury or disease aka mechanism
mechanism
mechanical description of the cause
pathology
structural and functional changes that result from the injury process
symptom
perceptible change in an athlete’s body or its functions that indicate injury or disease
sign
objective, definitive and obvious indicator for a specific condition
differential diagnosis
systematic method of diagnosing a disorder that lacks unique symptoms or signs
working diagnosis/ hypothesis
suggest a process for determining likely cause for condition
prognosis
predicted outcome of injury (length of time predicted for complete recovery)
sequela
condition following and resulting from a disease or injury; development of an additional condition as a complication of an existing disease/injury
syndrome
group of symptoms that indicate a condition or disease
soft-tissue approximation
soft and spongy
capsular feel
abrupt, hard, firm, little give
bone to bone
distinct and abrupt endpoint with contact of 2 hard surfaces
muscular
springy feel with some associated discomfort
normal end-feels
soft tissue approx, capsular feel, bone to bone, muscular
abnormal end-feels
empty, spasm, loose, springy block
empty feel
movement is beyond anatomical limi; pain before end of range
spasm end feel
involuntary muscle contraction that prevents motion due to pain
loose end feel
occurs in extreme hypermobility
springy block
rebound at the endpoint
grade 5 (mmt)
normal, complete ROM against gravity with full resistance
grade 4 (mmt)
75%, good, complete ROM against gravity with some resistance
grade 3 (mmt)
50%, fair, complete ROM against gravity with no resistance
grade 2 (mmt)
25%, poor, complete ROM with gravity omitted
grade 1
10%, trace, evidence of slight contractility with no joint motion
grade 0
0%, zero, no evidence of muscle contractility
testing cerebral function
questions should address general affect, LOC, intellect, emotional state, thought content, sensory perception, and language ability
dermatome
area of skin innervated by cutaneous neurons of a spinal or cranial nerve
myotome
develop in groups of muscles innervated by a specific spinal nerve
areflexia
absence of reflex, grade 0
hyporeflexia
diminished reflex, grade 1
average reflex
grade 2
hyperreflexia
grade 3, exaggerated reflex
grade 4 reflex
markedly hyperactive, associated with clonus
Anthropometry
the science of measuring the human body
osteometry
measurement of the dimensions of the skeletal system
craniometry
measurement of the bones of the skull
upper abdominal reflex
T7-T9
lower abdominal reflex
T11-T12
cremasteric reflex
T12, L1
plantar reflex
S1-S2
Gluteal reflex
L4,S3
superficial reflexes
Upper abdominal, lower abdominal, cremasteric, plantar, gluteal
