Cold Injuries - position statement

Question 1

layers of clothing for cold wear

Answer 1

first layer - evaporation
middle - insulation
outside - wind/water resistant

Question 2

recommendations for cold px and games

Answer 2

rectal thermometer, drinks, heat packs, blankets, chicken stock,

Question 3

hypothermia

Answer 3

below 95

mild: 95-98
mod: 90-94
severe: below 90

Question 4

mild hypothermia

Answer 4

remove wet clothing, apply heat to armpit, chest wall and groin, give fluids, avoid friction,

Question 5

mod-sev hypothermia

Answer 5

they will stop shivering (about 95), very cold skin, same as mild, be sure to cover the head, rewarm as you transport to the hospital

Question 6

superficial frostbite

Answer 6

preventative measures, bring them into room temperature, huddle together, don’t apply friction,

Question 7

deep frostbite

Answer 7

warm bath immersion for 30 min, don’t use dry heat, 98-104 degree water

Question 8

Chillblains

Answer 8

cold and wet conditions, occurs with or without freezing of the tissue.

management: remove clothing, elevate, cover with warm loose dry clothing or blankets

Question 9

Trench foot

Answer 9

prolonged exposure to wet and cold (12 hrs to 4 days)
wearing wet socks or footwear, can see in soccer players

encourage dry footwear, to clean feet and dry them then soak area with hot wax or warm water