KA6 - Mutations Flashcards
1
Q
What are mutations?
A
Changes in the DNA that can result in no protein or an altered protein being synthesised
2
Q
What can mutations affect?
A
The number or structure of chromosomes, or the sequence of nucleotides in DNA
3
Q
How are mutations?
A
They are spontaneous, random and rare
4
Q
What are mutations known as if they change the phenotype?
A
They are known as a mutant
5
Q
What can increase the rate of mutations?
A
Mutagenic agents
6
Q
Give examples of mutagenic agents
A
Chemicals like mustard gas
Radiation like X-rays, UV light, gamma rays
7
Q
What are single gene (point) mutations?
A
A change in one base pair, which alters DNA nucleotide sequence
8
Q
What are the 3 types of single gene mutations?
A
Substitution, insertion and deletion
9
Q
A
