Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Higher biology > KA2- DNA replication > Flashcards

KA2- DNA replication Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Where does DNA replication occur?

A

The nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

When does DNA replication happen?

A

Before nuclear division

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What does DNA replication ensure?

A

That a complete set of genetic information is passed on to new cells and the next generation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What does DNA replication produce?

A

Exact copies of the parent DNA molecule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Why is DNA unique?

A

As it can replicate itself

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the first stage of DNA replication?

A

DNA unwinding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What does DNA unwinding create?

A

A replication fork with two template strands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What happens to the hydrogen bonds during first stage of DNA replication?

A

They break

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What does a primer bind to?

A

The template strand with an exposed 3’ end

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Why must a primer be present?

A

As DNA polymerase can only affect nucleotides to an existing strand

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is a primer made of?

A

A short sequence of nucleotides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What replication is continuous?

A

The template strand that has the 3’ end

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What replication strand forms the leading strand?

A

The one that has continuous replication

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is DNA polymerase?

A

The enzyme that adds individual nucleotides to the new DNA strand

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How do free nucleotides line up?

A

Using complementary base pairing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What can DNA polymerase do?

A

Only add nucleotides to the 3’ end of a primer

17
Q

What does DNA polymerase join?

A

The sugar of the primer to the phosphate of the first nucleotide

18
Q

What does DNA polymerase help form?

A

A new strand

19
Q

How does DNA polymerase continue adding nucleotides to the 3’ end of the growing strand?

A

Forming bonds between their sugars and phosphates

20
Q

Why is the leading strand continuous?

A

As the process of DNA polymerase adding nucleotides to the 3’ end is repeated until the entire molecule has been replicated

21
Q

What must happen to each fragment in the lagging strand?

A

It must be primed

22
Q

Why must each fragment be primed?

A

To allow DNA polymerase to add nucleotides

23
Q

How can DNA only grow?

A

By adding nucleotides to its 3’ end

24
Q

What type of replication is the lagging strand?

A

Discontinuous

25
Q

What happens once replication of lagging strand is complete?

A

The primer is replaced with DNA

26
Q

What does DNA ligase do?

A

Joins the fragments together to create the lagging strand of DNA

27
Q

What happens as DNA unzips?

A

More fragments will be made and connected to previous ones

28
Q

Why are replication bubbles made?

A

When a long chromosome identifies being replicated, many replication forks operate simultaneously for rapid replication it creates replication bubbles

29
Q

What are the 5 requirements for DNA replication?

A
  1. DNA
  2. Primers
  3. DNA nucleotides
  4. Enzymes
  5. ATP
30
Q

Why do we need ATP?

A

For energy

31
Q

What are the enzymes we use in DNA replication?

A

DNA polymerase
DNA ligase

32
Q

Why do we need primers?

A

Act as an existing chain for DNA polymerase to attach to

33
Q

What is DNA replication essential for?

A

The continuation of life

34
Q

What is DNA replication essential to ensure?

A

That exact copies of a specific genetic information is passed from cell to cell during growth, and from one generation till the next during reproduction

Higher biology (33 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions