July 29, 2019

Question 1

What is the difference between role strain and role conflict

Answer 1

Role strain

• > when you can’t carry out all obligations of a status
• > tensions within one status

Role conflict
->conflict/tensions between two or more different statuses

Question 2

What is role exit

Answer 2

• when an individual stops engaging in a role previously central to their identity
• > and in the process establishes a new identity

-eg; someone who retires

Question 3

Difference between primary and secondary groups

Answer 3

Primary

• > closest members of the group to you
• > core social group
• > close intimate relationships
• > for example, a wedding contains your primary group

Question 4

Is primary group different from in-group

Answer 4

• yes

- >in group is the group you are affiliated with based on identification

Question 5

What are secondary groups

Answer 5

• formal, impersonal and business like relationships
• > based on a limited purpose or goal
• > usually short term and only see them sometimes

-eg; distant family, acquintances

Question 6

What are the two stages to the dramaturgical perspective

Answer 6

Front stage and back stage

Question 7

How does impression management describe the back stage

Answer 7

• the back stage is where you work on impression management

- >eg; put on makeup, look in the mirror

Question 8

What is side-effect discrimination

Answer 8

• talks about how one institution/organization/sector can influence another one negatively
• eg; you get a guilty verdict and now no job will take you

Question 9

What is past-in-present discrimination

Answer 9

-how things done in the past, even if no longer allowed can have consequences for people in the present

Question 10

What are the three types of organizations

Answer 10

1) Utilitarian organizations
- >members are paid for their efforts and rewards
- >eg; even getting a diploma

2) Normative organizations
- >members come together through shared interests

3) Coercive organizations
- >members don’t have a choice about their membership

Question 11

What is the iron rule of oligarchy

Answer 11

• even the most democratic organizations become bureaucratic over time until they are governed by a select few
• > conflict theory explains this

Question 12

What are the concepts of McDonaldization

Answer 12

-principles of efficiency, calculability, predictability, uniformity and control

Question 13

What is the relationship between animals foraging and genetics

Answer 13

• foraging behaviour is driven strongly by genetics

- >but can also be gained through learning

Question 14

What is the concept of anthropomorphism

Answer 14

-when we attribute human characteristics to non-human animals

Question 15

What is inclusive fitness

Answer 15

-concerns the # of offsprings an animal has, how they support them and how offspring support each other

Question 16

What is the evolutionary game theory

Answer 16

• it tells us those with best fit to an environment will survive and pass on their genetics to offspring
• > these genes will become more successive in future generations

Question 17

What is the difference between game theory and evolutionary game theory

Answer 17

Game theory
->involves intention, where participants reason about the behaviour of others

Evolutionary game theory

• > different because decisions might not have a conscious intention on part of players
• > it just helps us predict traits we would expect to see in a population