Introduction to Homeostasis pt. 2

Question 1

tonic level of activity

Answer 1

at rest, homeostatic pathway is neither completely shut off or fully active (can control at both levels)

Question 2

topic control regulates physiological parameters in an

Answer 2

up down fashion

Question 3

antagonistic control

Answer 3

in many instances, a single systemic effector response is controlled by two different efferent pathways

Question 4

ex of antagonistic control (3)

Answer 4

[Glucose]ECF
[Ca2+]ECF
BP

Question 5

jaw unloading reflex 
function
stimulus
reflex receptor
afferent
integration
efferent 
effectors 
local effector response
systemic effector response 
negative feedback

Answer 5

function: protective reflex that occurs when jaw is suddenly unloaded during mastication (ex. stone in food prevents injury to teeth)
stimulus: pressure on tooth
reflex receptor: periodontal receptors
afferent: sensory neurons carry information to brain
integration: brain; need to reduce bite force to prevent tooth injury
efferent: motor commands to activate jaw openers and inhibit jaw closers
effectors: muscles of mastication
local effector response: jaw openers contract, jaw closers relax
systemic effector response: pressure on tooth decreases
negative feedback: shut off periodontal receptors

Question 6

mechanistic explanation

Answer 6

describes how something happens

Question 7

teleological explanation

Answer 7

describes why something happens