Intro to Birds

Question 1

cursorial birds

Answer 1

ratites
ostrich, emu, rhea

Question 2

3 characteristics of cursorial birds

Answer 2

flightless
young are precocial
lack of keelbone

Question 3

precocial

Answer 3

more developed chick
hatch with eyes and ears open, walk within a few hours, eat on their own

Question 4

keelbone

Answer 4

aka keeled sternum
breast muscles attached, helps to fly

Question 5

psittaciformes

Answer 5

psittacines
parrots, parakeets, cockatiel, cockatoo, lovebirds

Question 6

characteristics of psittaciformes

Answer 6

hooked bills
brilliant colors
ability to talk
young are altrical

Question 7

altrical

Answer 7

opposite of precocial

Question 8

passeriformes

Answer 8

perching/song birds (bird feeder)
canaries, zebra finches, gouldian finch

Question 9

characteristics of passeriformes

Answer 9

highly developed syrinx
young are altricial

Question 10

syrinx

Answer 10

organ similar to larynx, makes sounds

Question 11

columbiformes

Answer 11

pigeons and doves
diamond/ringneck dove

Question 12

characteristics of columbiformes

Answer 12

young are altrical

Question 13

anseriformes

Answer 13

waterfowl
ducks, geese

Question 14

characteristics of anseriformes

Answer 14

thick down for insulation
young are precocial

Question 15

galliformes

Answer 15

chicken like birds
pheasants, guineas, turkeys, peafowl, chickens

Question 16

bantams

Answer 16

miniature breeds of chickens

Question 17

characteristics of galliformes

Answer 17

beautiful plumage
many used for sport, good runners and can fly short distances
few migrate
young are precocial

Question 18

outer covering of fish, amphibians, reptiles, and birds

Answer 18

fish: scales
amphibians: skin
reptiles: scales
birds: skin, scales and feathers

Question 19

avian scales

Answer 19

scales on feet and legs of birds

Question 20

temperature control of fish, amphibians, reptiles, and birds

Answer 20

fish: heterothermic
amphibians: heterothermic
reptiles: heterothermic
birds: homeothermic

Question 21

heart complexity of fish, amphibians, reptiles and birds

Answer 21

fish: 2-chambered
amphibians: 3-chambered
reptiles: 3 or 4-chambered
birds: 4-chambered

Question 22

metamorphosis of fish, amphibians, reptiles, and birds

Answer 22

only amphibians

Question 23

birth process of fish, amphibians, reptiles and birds

Answer 23

fish: oviparous/ovoviviparous
amphibians: oviparous
reptiles: oviparous/ovoviviparous
birds: oviparous

Question 24

breathing of fish, amphibians, reptiles and birds

Answer 24

fish: gills
amphibians: gills then lungs
reptiles: lungs
birds: lungs and air sacs

Question 25

similarity between birds and reptiles

Answer 25

jaw hinged on a moveable bone, not as unattached as snakes

Question 26

differences between birds and reptiles

Answer 26

feathers, homeothermic, flexible neck (more cervical vertebrae)

Question 27

bird bones are

Answer 27

small, hollow, and thin

Question 28

pneumatic bones

Answer 28

bones with air sacs, air is going into them

Question 29

do humans have muscles that can push?

Answer 29

no, all muscles can only contract (pull)

Question 30

how do birds lift their wings?

Answer 30

a tendon that goes over their shoulder pulls on the inner breast muscle

Question 31

bird feathers

Answer 31

keep bird protected, warm and dry molt to replace feathers

Question 32

how do birds get air in?

Answer 32

in enters the lungs, passes through to the air sacs

Question 33

do birds have a diaphragm?

Answer 33

no, their rib cage opens and closes

Question 34

how do birds cool down?

Answer 34

respiration/panting, they don't sweat

Question 35

bird eyes are

Answer 35

very large, usually weigh more than the brain

Question 36

can birds see colors?

Answer 36

yes, they see colors and UV

Question 37

monocular vision

Answer 37

eyes on side of head wider field of view to see predators

Question 38

binocular vision

Answer 38

eyes on front of head good depth perception for catching prey

Question 39

bird sense of hearing

Answer 39

same as humans

Question 40

sense of taste

Answer 40

12-20 taste buds chemoreceptor senses

Question 41

bird with more developed sense of smell

Answer 41

Vulture

Question 42

bird with more developed sense of taste

Answer 42

Parrot

Question 43

do birds have a bladder?

Answer 43

No, they produce uric acid instead of liquid urine, no bladder