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An Sci 200 > Intro to Birds > Flashcards

Intro to Birds Flashcards

1
Q

cursorial birds

A

ratites
ostrich, emu, rhea

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2
Q

3 characteristics of cursorial birds

A

flightless
young are precocial
lack of keelbone

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3
Q

precocial

A

more developed chick
hatch with eyes and ears open, walk within a few hours, eat on their own

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4
Q

keelbone

A

aka keeled sternum
breast muscles attached, helps to fly

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5
Q

psittaciformes

A

psittacines
parrots, parakeets, cockatiel, cockatoo, lovebirds

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6
Q

characteristics of psittaciformes

A

hooked bills
brilliant colors
ability to talk
young are altrical

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7
Q

altrical

A

opposite of precocial

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8
Q

passeriformes

A

perching/song birds (bird feeder)
canaries, zebra finches, gouldian finch

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9
Q

characteristics of passeriformes

A

highly developed syrinx
young are altricial

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10
Q

syrinx

A

organ similar to larynx, makes sounds

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11
Q

columbiformes

A

pigeons and doves
diamond/ringneck dove

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12
Q

characteristics of columbiformes

A

young are altrical

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13
Q

anseriformes

A

waterfowl
ducks, geese

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14
Q

characteristics of anseriformes

A

thick down for insulation
young are precocial

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15
Q

galliformes

A

chicken like birds
pheasants, guineas, turkeys, peafowl, chickens

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16
Q

bantams

A

miniature breeds of chickens

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17
Q

characteristics of galliformes

A

beautiful plumage
many used for sport, good runners and can fly short distances
few migrate
young are precocial

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18
Q

outer covering of fish, amphibians, reptiles, and birds

A

fish: scales
amphibians: skin
reptiles: scales
birds: skin, scales and feathers

19
Q

avian scales

A

scales on feet and legs of birds

20
Q

temperature control of fish, amphibians, reptiles, and birds

A

fish: heterothermic
amphibians: heterothermic
reptiles: heterothermic
birds: homeothermic

21
Q

heart complexity of fish, amphibians, reptiles and birds

A

fish: 2-chambered
amphibians: 3-chambered
reptiles: 3 or 4-chambered
birds: 4-chambered

22
Q

metamorphosis of fish, amphibians, reptiles, and birds

A

only amphibians

23
Q

birth process of fish, amphibians, reptiles and birds

A

fish: oviparous/ovoviviparous
amphibians: oviparous
reptiles: oviparous/ovoviviparous
birds: oviparous

24
Q

breathing of fish, amphibians, reptiles and birds

A

fish: gills
amphibians: gills then lungs
reptiles: lungs
birds: lungs and air sacs

25
Q

similarity between birds and reptiles

A

jaw hinged on a moveable bone, not as unattached as snakes

26
Q

differences between birds and reptiles

A

feathers, homeothermic, flexible neck (more cervical vertebrae)

27
Q

bird bones are

A

small, hollow, and thin

28
Q

pneumatic bones

A

bones with air sacs, air is going into them

29
Q

do humans have muscles that can push?

A

no, all muscles can only contract (pull)

30
Q

how do birds lift their wings?

A

a tendon that goes over their shoulder pulls on the inner breast muscle

31
Q

bird feathers

A

keep bird protected, warm and dry
molt to replace feathers

32
Q

how do birds get air in?

A

in enters the lungs, passes through to the air sacs

33
Q

do birds have a diaphragm?

A

no, their rib cage opens and closes

34
Q

how do birds cool down?

A

respiration/panting, they don’t sweat

35
Q

bird eyes are

A

very large, usually weigh more than the brain

36
Q

can birds see colors?

A

yes, they see colors and UV

37
Q

monocular vision

A

eyes on side of head
wider field of view to see predators

38
Q

binocular vision

A

eyes on front of head
good depth perception for catching prey

39
Q

bird sense of hearing

A

same as humans

40
Q

sense of taste

A

12-20 taste buds
chemoreceptor senses

41
Q

bird with more developed sense of smell

A

Vulture

42
Q

bird with more developed sense of taste

A

Parrot

43
Q

do birds have a bladder?

A

No, they produce uric acid instead of liquid urine, no bladder

An Sci 200 (43 decks)

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