Exam 3 Flashcards by Kiera Christensen

Q

chromosomes

A

long chains of DNA located in nucleus of cell
individual bits of information=genes
number per cell varies by species
exist in pairs in somatic (body) cells

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Q

genes

A

control one specific trait or part of a trait
may be in different form on the pair of chromosomes

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Q

order and characteristics

A

Carnivora
4 canine teeth (2 top, 2 bottom)
short digestive tract relative to body size

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Q

cat anatomy

A

canines, incisors and molars (sharp)
digitigrade
more vertebrae than other mammals
lack of collarbone
strong jaw

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Q

spaying/neutering benefit on behaviors

A

cuts down numbers of feral cats that kill birds, small animals
stops spraying, tom-catting (looking for mates), crying while in heat

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Q

feliway

A

nepetalactone, same ingredient in catnip

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Q

qualitative traits are also known as

A

mendelian
single gene

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Q

qualitative trait

A

specific trait
1 gene affects 1 trait
discreet variables

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Q

quantitative trait

A

numerical (height)
many genes control the trait
continuous variables

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Q

eliminative

A

spraying to mark territory
usually bury feces

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Q

redirected aggression

A

sudden attack/aggression out of nowhere
stress release
can be toward another cat or humans

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Q

petting induced aggression

A

cat may be over stimulated

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Q

top 4 reported behavior problems

A

house soiling
pet to pet problems
aggression to humans
destructive behavior

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Q

common reasons for cat behavioral problems

A

stress/frustration/boredom
improper socialization
genetic problem
medical problem

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Q

general treatment options

A

client education
environmental modification
behavioral modification
drug therapy

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Q

disease prevention methods

A

biosecurity, nutrition, tooth hygiene, sanitation, vaccinations, parasite control

Q

parasite control

A

feed cooked food, avoid consumption of bird/rabbits/rodents
treatments/preventatives

Q

risks of being outdoors

A

infectious diseases and parasites
predators
poisonous substances
cars
damage from cats (bird predation)

Q

viral diseases

A

feline infectious peritonities (FIP)
feline leukemia virus (FELV)
feline panleukopenia (FPL)
feline herpesvirus and calicivirus
rabies

Q

FPL

A

raccoons tend to carry
acute disease

Q

bacterial diseases

A

feline pneumonitis
cat scratch fever

Q

other medical problems (noninfectious)

A

feline urinary syndrome/urolithiasis: crystals in urinary tract
diabetes
allergies
hairballs
posions

Q

ME

A

metabolizable energy
GE-energy in feces, urine, gas

Q

GE

A

gross energy
can’t all be used by animal

DE

digestible energy GE-energy in feces

do cats have a carb requirement

no don’t have salivary amylase to break down starches

protein

high requirement 25-30% suggested won’t adjust to low protein diet, will break down muscle to meet amino acid requirement

taurine

most animals produce it on their own, cat’s don’t need it in diet, not in dog food (why cats shouldn’t eat dog food) only present in animal products

vitamin a

other animals can convert beta-carotene to vitamin a, cats can’t

niacin

most animals can covert amino acid tryptophan, cats can’t

thiamin

not usually deficient, if feeding diet high in raw fish will bind it, cause deficiency

behavioral changes with estrus

constant calling rolling rubbing against objects spraying licking genital area crouching/lordosis

breeding considerations

best choice is selective breeding, should be good representatives of breed and free of hereditary defects queen may still be in estrus when she gets home, could mate with other tom

signs of pregnancy (early to mid gestation)

cycles stop “pinking-up”, nipples swell and redden in about 3 weeks weight gain up to 2 lb over whole gestation not unusual swollen abdomen

signs cat is ready to give birth

nesting milk leaking pacing panting excessive grooming temperature drop contractions

kitten development

atricial eyes open after 10 days double weight in first 2 weeks ears open week 3, teeth may start to come in start to move around weeks 3-4, start weaning shortly after start socializing weeks 5-6 deworm at 6 weeks first vaccinations at 7 weeks

are sex-linked recessive traits seen more in males or females

males

can an allele be dominant in some situations and recessive in others?

yes

how many chromosomes if haploid number is 12

24