Avian Reproduction Flashcards
2 birds who are territorial
robin, pheasant
parakeet social tendencies
gregarious nesting, colonial/co-operative
birds that produce simple nests
parakeet, doves
birds that build complex nests
baltimore oriole
photoperiod
hours of daylight
tend to lay eggs in the spring when days are getting longer
example of courtship
cranes do a mating dance
is artificial insemination common in birds?
yes
bird ovaries
single ovary, left side
ovulation
when ovum/yolk is released from ovary
5 components of the oviduct and their purpose
infundibulum (funnel): fertilization
magnum: adds albumin (egg whites)
isthmus: adds shell membranes
uterus/shell gland: adds shell
how often does ovulation occur?
every 24-26 hours
U-V junction/sperm host glands
holds sperm for a couple of week after mating
oviposition and where it occurs
laying the egg, from the cloaca
why are mammalian testes external?
the internal body temp is too high, will cause sterilization
where are birds testes?
paired, internal at deep body temperature
where is the vas deferens?
beside the ureter
phallus
penis, reduced in birds
2 differences between mammalian and avian male reproductive system
internal testes
lack of glands (prostate, seminal vesicles)
incubator conditions acronym
THAT
temperature
humidity
air
turning
temperature for artificial incubation
about 100 F, must be fairly constant
humidity for artificial incubation
must be controlled
gas exchange/ventilation for artificial incubation
need adequate oxygen and to remove co2
occurs through egg’s pores, membrane’s blood vessels
turning for artificial incubation
eggs need to be turned several times a day
candling eggs
shine light through egg to see embryo, ebryonic membranes
when is the eye formed?
24 hours
when does the heart begin to beat?
42 hours
when is the beak formed?
day 6
when do they begin to feather?
day 8
when do scales and toenails appear?
day 13
when and why/how does the yolk sac enter the body
day 19
sucked in through navel, then navel closes over it
can live off yolk for a few days after hatching
how long is embryonic development
21 days
egg tooth
falls off 1-2 days after hatching
chick imprintation
won’t mate/interact with other birds if they’ve imprinted on human caregivers
now people wear crane puppets so that the chicks will imprint on cranes
