Institutional Flashcards
What is Canada’s national health insurance system?
Medicare
What are the criteria that a province must meet in order to receive its full federal payments?
CUPPA comprehensiveness universality public administration portability accessibility
What is an EMR?
Electronic Medical Records -
A system typically used at a physicians office by doctors and clinicians to document appointments, book checkups, and store patient medical information
What is an EHR?
Electronic Health Record -
Also known as Netcare - used to store all patient information and is accessible for pharmacy’s, doctors, and other health care professionals
What is CPOE
Computerized Physician Oder Entry -
Method of entering orders for medications to the laboratory, radiology, and nursing directly into the computer.
What is CSHP?
Canadian Society of Hospital Pharmacists
What is CAPT?
Canadian Association of Pharmacy Technicians
What is CPhA?
The Canadian Pharmacists Association
What is CAPSI?
Canadian Association of Pharmacy Students and Interns
What is NAPRA?
National Association of Pharmacy Regulatory Authorities
What is a policy?
A general statement or guidline
What is a procedure?
Describes in detail how the policy will be carried out
What is the P & T Committee?
Pharmacy and Therapeutics Committee -
Is an advisory group of medical staff that serves the need for a formal organizational line of communication between medical staff and pharmacy department. Non formulary drugs must be approved by them before they go onto the formulary
A set of certain drugs that are stocked in a hospital pharmacy, usually the cheaper alternatives to more expensive drugs.
Formulary
What are the three rights to WHMIS?
Right to know
Right to participate
Right to refuse
Respiratory/Cardiac Arrest
Code Blue
Chemical Spill
Code Brown
Community Disaster
Code Orange
Evacuation
Code Green
Bomb Threat
Code Black
New born respiratory/cardiac arrest
Code Pink
Fire
Code Red
Missing Patient
Code Yellow
Has a weapon
Code Silver
Hostage taking
Code Purple
shelter in place/air exclusion
Code Gray
What is PHIPA?
The Personal Health Information Protection Act (2000)
What two federal privacy laws does Canada have?
PHIPA (2000) and The Privacy Act (1990)
What is Q.C?
Quality Control - is a method used as the day-to-day control of quality within a company
What is Q.A?
Quality Assurance - The organization is responsible for ensuring that all systems and written procedures are adequate and followed
Abusive behavior
Code White
What are the two types of hospitals?
Auxiliary - long term
General - short term
What are the twelve categories of medication error?
PRESCRIBING ERROR
OMITION ERROR – NOT ADMINISTERING A DRUG
UNAUTHORIZATION OF ADMINITRATION OF DRUG - WRONG PATIENT OR THE DOCTOR HAS NOT GIVEN THE OKAY TO GIVE MEDICATION TO PATIENT.
WRONG ADMINISTRATION TIME – DRUG GIVEN AT THE WRONG TIME
IMPROPER DOSE ERROR – GREATER OR LESS THAN THE PRESCRIBED DRUG
WRONG DOSAGE FORM ERROR – CAPSULE, INJECTION, SUSPENSION
WRONG DRUG PREPARATION ERRORS
WRONG ADMINISTRATION Technique
DETERIORATED DRUG ERROR – EXPIRED DRUG
MONITORING ERROR
COMPLIANCE ERROR
OTHER ERROR
What is quality control?
Manufacturing side/catching manufacturing error
What is quality assurance?
Providing the medication without errors, the same product every time
What is SDS?
Safety Data Sheet
What is WHMIS? In what year was WHMIS last updated and when did the update come into effect?
WORKPLACE HAZARDOUS MATERIALS AND INFORMATION SYSTEM – FEB 2015 UPDATED – DID NOT TAKE PLACE UNTIL DECEMBER 2018
What is a special procurement drug?
NON-FORMULARY DRUG, FOR A SPECIFIC PATIENT FOR A SPECIFIC REASON, BY A SPECIFIC SPECIALIST AND FOR A CERTAIN PERIOD OF TIME. USUALLY A TRIAL DRUG
What are the 5 rights of a drug distribution system?
Right drug Right dosage form Right strength Right patient Right time
What are the two main kinds of drug distribution systems in Canada?
Unit dose
Traditional
Why is Drug Distribution important?
Reduction in error rates
Reduction in drug wastage
Better inventory control
More efficient use of personnel
What should unit dose drugs should be labeled with?
Generic name of drug Dosage form of drug Strength of drug Lot number Expiration date of drug
The process of dispensing medications available in single use packages is referred to as ________
Picking
__________________is a selection of medications that are on each nursing unit that are not labeled for a specific patient
Wardstock
What does IPO mean?
Individual Prescription Order System
Individual Prescription Orders are apart of what?
traditional and MOSAIC (ward stock) drug distribution systems
What does MOSAIC stand for?
Medication Order Supply And Inventory Control
Where is MOSAIC most commonly used?
Eastern Provinces
What does ASO stand for?
Automatic Stop Orders
_____________are designed to help avoid prolonged administration of potent drug classifications.
ASO
Who developed the ASO (Automatic Stop Orders)
P & T Committee
___________is a number of days a drug is supplied for IF a doctor does not specify a number on his/her order.
ASO
For a unit dose drug distribution system, the ordered medications are administered by a nurse from a unit dose cassette filled for an individual patient for __________ hour supply
24
____________orders are usually for a non recurring medication that is required immediately
STAT
How long is the turn around time for a STAT order?
Usually 15 minutes
Census is a report of all patients:
Admission Discharge Scheduled Surgery Day Passes Deaths
Long term patients who are admitted to a hospital may occasionally be allowed to leave the hospital. To ensure the patient still has medication ___________ is given to them
Pass Meds
How can Pass Meds be packaged?
Envelope
Blister pack
Pacmed strips
If the actual NARCOTIC count does NOT match on the inventory record, an investigation is conducted and a report would be sent to:
The Director of Pharmacy
The Director of Nursing
What must be listed on the Daily Administration Sheet that the nurse must fill out?
Date, time
Physician name
Patient name
Drug, strength, quantity dispensed
A nurse must record the administration of the narcotic or controlled drug on a ____________
Daily Administration Sheet
___________________is maintained to provide after hours pharmacy service
Night Cupboards
Where are Night Cupboards kept?
Central location, close to the pharmacy
Do Night Cupboards need to be locked?
YES
What is not stored in Night Cupboards?
Narcotics and Controlled Drugs
__________________are sealed with a one time use
Emergency drug boxes
Why is the Emergency Drug Boxes sealed?
security for its contents and,
an indication to the pharmacy that it has been opened and needs to be replaced
Contents of the Emergency drug box is approved by the __________
P & T Committee
All the drugs in the emergency box are ________ because it is the fastest route of administration.
injectable
What is included in the emergency drug box?
inventory list
Pharmacy Technician Role with Emergency Drug Box includes:
Issues and exchanges emergency drug boxes
Replenishes used inventory
Checks inventory and expiry dates and completes all documentation
Completes an annual drug recall
Keeps box clean and tidy
Pharmacy technicians double check contents.
Emergency Drug Boxes are similar to ___________
Crash Carts
Responsibility for crash carts are shared between ___________ and _________
Pharmacy and Supply Processing Distribution (SPD)
___________are drugs that are available on the market in other countries but not in Canada.
Emergency Release Drugs
Emergency release drugs are available through Health Canada’s _____________
Special Access Programme (SAP)
What does SAP stand for?
Special Access Programme
____________________are drugs that are provided by manufacturers for patients who need the drug but are unable to pay for it.
Compassionate Release Drugs
What does DUE stand for?
Drug Use Evaluation
DUE It is a structured ongoing quality assurance process designed to ensure drugs used are _______, _________, ___________, __________
appropriate, safe, effective and economical.
What does DUR stand for?
Drug Utilization Review
What does ADR stand for?
Adverse Drug Reaction
What does ASO stand for?
Automatic Stop Orders
___________________are designed to help avoid prolonged administration of potent drug classification
Automatic Stop Orders
When does ASO not apply?
When a doctor has written a specific stop date
What is perpetual inventory?
The balance on hand of all narcotics and controlled drugs
How often is narcotic inventory maintained?
once per week all narcotics and controlled drugs are counted
What happens if the actual count does not match the inventory record?
investigation is conducted and a report would be sent to:
The Director of Pharmacy
The Director of Nursing
What tasks cannot be performed by a technician in regards to narcotics?
Pharmacy technicians cannot sign narcotic purchase orders
What dosage form does an emergency box contain?
injectables
Who approves the inventory content of the emergency drug box?
Contents of the emergency box is approved by the P & T Committee
What does the expiry sticker on the emergency box state?
indicating the EARLIEST item to expire
Who is responsible for the Crash cart?
Pharmacy and Supply Processing Distribution
What are the two types of investigational drugs?
Clinical Investigational Drugs
Emergency Status Drugs
What is an emergency release drug?
Emergency release drugs are ones that are available on the market in other countries but not in Canada
What is a compassionate release drug?
drugs that are provided by manufacturers for patients who need the drug but are unable to pay for it
What is TPN
Total Parenteral Nutrition
What is composed of in TPN?
Protein Lipids Vitamins Minerals Electrolytes Carbohydrates
How is TPN given?
Through IV
chemotherapy medications are prepared in a ___________vertical hood
Class II BSC (Biological Safety Cabinet)
What do you have to wear when preparing chemotherapy drugs?
bouffant, face mask and shoe covers are worn, 2 pairs of gloves and a disposable gown
Pareto’s Principle A
80% of the budget is spent on 20% of items
Pareto’s Principle B
15% of the budget is spent on 15% of items
Pareto’s Principle C
5% of the budget is spent on 65% of items
How many turn overs does a hospital typically have per year?
8-10
What is the CPDN?
The Canadian Pharmaceutical Distribution Network
Another method of purchasing is through________where hospital pharmacies get a quote from companies on a minimum amount of supplies needed
Tenders
How long is the LAF hood supposed to be on before it is used?
30 min
What does LAF stand for?
Laminar Air Flow Hood
What are the two methods that an automated TPN machine will use to prepare TPN solutions?
Volumetric system and Gravimetric system
____________are those substances that are toxic not only to cancer cells but to all cells.
Cyotoxic
________can cause changes or alteration in genetic material
Mutagen
can cause cancer
Carcinogen
________are substances that can cause birth defects
Teratogen
Something that can cause blistering of the skin
Vesicant
How far should chemotherapeutic procedures be performed in the BSC?
Right in the middle of the hood
What is lead time?
the length of time between placing an order and having it ready for dispensing
Keep from excessive heat
49C
Keep in a cold place
8-15 Celsius
Keep in a freezer
–15 or lower
Keep in a refrigerator
2-8 Celsius
What sizes of IV bags are availible?
25ml, 50ml, 100ml, 250ml, 1000ml, 2000ml
How long must the LAF hood be turned on before use?
30 min
How often are LAF hoods inspected?
Every 6 months
