Initiating Exam Flashcards
The difference between a project manager and a functional manager is:
a project manager is a specialist.
a project manager is a technical supervisor.
a project manager is a facilitator.
a functional manager develops how work will be done.
A project manager is a facilitator
Organizations manage their _________ to maximize value, based on specific goals.
projects
portfolio
programs
schedules
Portfolio
________ organizations are the most likely to have a PMO (project management office).
Functional
Balanced matrix
Weak matrix
Project oriented
Project oriented
The PMO provides
administrative support
training
resource alignment
all of the above
All the above
Staff members are grouped by specialty within a __________ organization.
functional
entrepreneurial
balanced matrix
projectized
Functional
What type of organizations highly use project managers?
Functional.
Hierarchical.
Balanced matrix.
Projectized.
Projectized
________ organizations decentralized specified products or functions, while maintaining divisions that report to the central executive.
Functional
Entrepreneurial
Matrix
Projectized
Matrix
Project management includes the process of initiating, planning,
identifying and executing.
scoping and controlling.
executing and process.
monitoring and controlling.
Monitoring and controlling
Strategic considerations that are typically required before a project is authorized include
market demand for the project.
creation of a unique product or service.
organizational need.
all of the above
All of the above
The first step in managing a project is
Identifying the problem.
Establishing a clear objective.
Identifying project requirements.
Planning and scheduling activities.
Identifying project requirements.
Human resource expertise, skills, and competencies are examples of
Resource availability
Employee capability
Infrastructure
Software elements
Employee capability
What is a principal regarding system?
Systems are not dynamic
Systems can be optimized
System components can not be optimized
all of the above.
Systems can be optimized
Factors in organizational structure selection include
Pareto charts
Physical location
Risk reviews
Hybrids
Physical location
Which organizational structure gives high to almost total authority for the project manager?
Virtual
Functional
PMO
Organic
PMO
Centralization refers to the decision-making authority within the organization. _________ decision-making is that which is delegated down to subordinates
Complex
Formal
Centralized
Decentralized
Decentralized
Reading a release about their competitor’s new product progress and proposed release date, ABC Company directors meet to discuss the increasing pressure on them. They decide to escalate a current competitive product model they have in redesign. The model has been tested several times already. The last test revealed a potential overheating hazard that needed to be corrected. The current design can be put into production, which will beat their competition’s product to market. Safety features will still be worked on and a recall can be issued as soon as the redesigned portion is complete and tested. The budget director indicates that the benefits of being first to market will more than compensate for costs incurred from a future recall, since only a percentage of customers ever respond to recall notices anyway. What kind of ethical standard are the ABC Company directors exercising?
A restrained egoism.
Utilitarianism.
Nonsequentialism.
Kant’s ethics.
A Restrained egoism
When a project is performed under contract, ________ are considered constraints.
contractual provisions
specific project assumptions
boundaries
acceptance criteria
Contractual provisions
_________ addresses written rules and procedures deem necessary to maintain organization control and coordination.
Complexity
Formalization
Centralization
Decentralization
Formalization
An organizations ________ provides the organization and its employees with an identity.
structure
culture
management
hierarchy
Culture
In a culture where management maintain consistency through exclusive control, decision-making and auditing, new structure elements and interrelationships are created. ________ addresses vertical and horizontal components of job and work group differentiation and division of labor and authority.
Complexity
Formalization
Centralization
Decentralization
Complexity
Project integration management includes all of the following except
Develop Project Charter
Develop Resource Plan
Close Project
Close Phase
Develop resource plan
What are examples of organizational process assets?
Previous project schedules.
Projected data.
Risk responses plans.
Cost baselines.
Previous project schedules
Who is responsible for analyzing information contained in the project scope?
The sponsor.
The project team.
The performing organization.
The initiator.
The project team
Outputs from Develop Project Charter include:
WBS
high-level risks
PDM system
PMI system
High-level risks
Is there any tool or technique that aids the project management team in effectively developing a project charter?
No.
Benefit contributions model
Various databases
Expert judgment
Expert judgment
A characteristic of an operation that is NOT a characteristic of a project is
who performs the task.
resource constraints.
it is planned and controlled.
it is ongoing and repetitive.
It is ongoing and repetitive
_________ Are organized activities that help achieve the organization’s strategic plan
Plans
Projects
Programs
Operations
Projects
All of the following are examples of a project EXCEPT
r&d.
a public works contract.
operation of an automated accounting system.
a 2020 hybrid car model.
Operation of an automated accounting system
What is the primary objective of an operation?
To sustain the business.
To reach and terminate at its end goal.
To construct a facility.
To develop a product.
To sustain the business
The longest project activity phase, that covers actual activities, measurement, and evaluation, is the ________ phase
concept
organization
application
operational
Operational
A project managers assignment is a ________ If it involves several projects all being performed at the same time, that each have ongoing operational elements
plan
project
program
operation
Program
What type of organizational structure has work groups arranged by project?
Matrix - strong
Matrix - weak
Project-oriented
Matrix - balanced
Project-oriented
Having the ability to guide, motivate, and direct a team requires what type of skill
Technical
Functional
Hybrid
Leadership
Leadership
Being a project manager Is analogous to being _________ in an orchestra
The string section
Percussion
The conductor
The audience
The conductor
Having knowledge and expertise in the industry and organization exemplifies
Technical project management
Strategic and Business Management
Leadership
Functional project management
Strategic and business management
The project manager sphere of influence includes
Stakeholders
Sponsors
Project Team
All of the above
All the the above
Having the knowledge, skills, and behaviors related to specific domains of a project exemplifies
Technical project management
Functional project management
Leadership
Strategic and Business Management
Technical project management
The project charter gives the project manager authority
To direct the stakeholders.
To plan project activities.
To apply organizational resources.
All of the above
To apply organizational resources
Project charter development involves documenting
tools and techniques needed to execute and complete project tasks.
the business needs.
projects cost analyses.
quality and risk control processes.
The business needs.
What document formally authorizes the project
Project charter.
SOW.
Project Scope Statement.
WBS.
Project charter
Who usually charters and authorize a project
The board of directors.
The project manager.
An external sponsor.
The project owner.
An external sponsor
What is the SOW
Strategic Operations of Work.
Stakeholders and Organization Objectives.
Statement of Work.
Strategic Organizational Work-items.
Statement of work
A data gathering technique used in project charter development is
brainstorming
focus groups
interviews
all of the above
All the above
When should the project manager be assigned to the project
After planning.
During concept development.
After the project charter is developed.
Before planning is begun.
Before planning has begun
A project may be authorized by
sponsor
PMO
portfolio steering committee
all of the above.
All the above
And emerging trend in project integration management is
the use of portfolio review boards
the use of visual management tools
hierarchical alignment
segregated alignment
The use of visual management tools
_________ a project links the project to the ongoing work of the organization
Assigning
Planning
Sponsoring
Chartering
Chartering
A contract is an input to developing the project charter if
the work is being done for an external customer.
the organization mandates one.
stakeholders require one.
All of the above
The work is being done for an external customer
The project charter should either directly or indirectly address
the contract.
the summary milestone schedule.
internal risks.
all of the above
The summary milestones schedule
The SOW is part of the _________ When it is received for external projects.
Business need
Product scope
Strategic plan
request for proposal or other bid documents
Request for proposals or other bid documents
Conflict management and facilitation are examples of
data gathering
rigid management
assumptions
interpersonal and team skills
Interpersonal and team skills
A business case can be created as a result of
market demand
technological advance
legal requirement
all of the above
All the above
Inputs to identify stakeholders include
benefits management plan
program charter
enterprise process assets
all of the above
Benefits management plan
What area of project management is concerned with timely completion of the project
Project Schedule management.
Project Cost management.
Project Scope management.
Project Integration management.
Project schedule management
What area of project management is concerned with organizing and managing the project team
Project Integration management.
Project Communications management.
Project Resource management.
Project Scope management.
Project resource management
The project manager is assigned to
support core business
achieve project objectives
develop matrices
all of the above
Achieve project objectives
Project quality management ensures
contracts are effectively resourced and administered.
effective project monitoring and control.
efficient preliminary planning and development of strategic operations.
the project satisfies its objectives.
The project satisfies its objectives
An entrepreneurial culture is conducive to
high risk proposals.
organizational charting.
protocol.
risk-averse behavior.
High risk proposals
What general interactive relationship elements determined individual and organizational effectiveness regardless of the type of the organization’s culture
General knowledge and expertise levels of mid-managers.
Job descriptions and defined interrelationship interactions.
Experimentation and risk taking.
Capital investments, liquidity, and investors.
Job descriptions and defined interrelationship interactions
A stakeholder is
The customer.
The performing organization.
A sponsor.
All of the above
All of the above
According to the international organization for standardization (ISO), The difference between standards and regulations are
a regulation is an approach guideline.
a regulation is a government-imposed requirement.
a regulation is established and approved by a recognized body.
a standard regulates procedure toward achieving an optimum degree of order.
A regulation is a government-imposed requirement
Project risk management ensures
effective performance reporting.
safe activity sequencing.
cost-effective scope verification.
public safety and response planning.
Public safety and response planning
A project manager characteristically
is persuasive.
is flexible.
is a good communicator.
all of the above
All the above
In top-down management
Information is freely exchanged laterally.
Information is informally reported to managers.
Information and ideas are dispensed from top management.
Information flows up, and instructions flow down from top management.
Information flows up, and instructions flow down from the top management
Cultural ‘liabilities’ the functional and project managers should be aware of include
barriers to change.
diversity.
cross-departmental interactions.
aggressive risk.
Barriers to change
Who controls the budget in a strong matrix type organization?
The functional manager.
The project manager.
The administrative staff.
Upper management.
The project manager
Types of organizational structures include
Weak matrix
Balanced matrix
Strong Matrix
all of the above
All of the above
Project deliverables may be
overall quality.
the functional team.
agendas.
products or services.
Products or services
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a project
Constrained by limited resources
Creates unique product or services.
Ongoing and repetitive.
Planned, executed, and controlled
Ongoing and repetitive
A project is said to be temporary because
it has a short duration.
it has a definite beginning and end.
it has the potential to be a continuous and ongoing effort.
its project team outlives it.
It has a definite beginning and end
Joe, as a new project manager for ABC company, overseas new product design, and the satisfaction of release of new models annually. Joe is happy to be involved in this ongoing
program.
project.
operation.
scenario.
Program
Feasibility studies and reviews
justify why a certain project is the best alternative.
are established through a process of alternative evaluation.
document the project scope, deliverable, and capital investment analysis.
all of the above
All of the above
Establishing the project start date is important since there are many elements of the project that depend on it, including when the project should be complete. The best determination of when to set the start date is
before the project manager is assigned and team is selected.
after the budget is approved.
prior to the pre-project meeting.
after initial contract award.
After the budget is approved
Certain types of conflict arise during certain phases of the project lifecycle. The type of conflicts that might arise during the initiating phase of the project lifecycle include
project feasibility disputes.
prioritizing.
issues regarding the actual work.
user or client satisfaction
Project feasibility disputes
Factors limiting the project managers options regarding scope, staffing, and scheduling are scope
limitations.
assumptions.
constraints.
common causes.
Constraints
Project life cycle phases are not the same as the project management process group. Meeting _________ goals are primary considerations throughout the project entire life cycle.
schedule and cost
stakeholders’
performance and time
organization
Performance and time
All project team members should be known prior to estimating activity duration since actual competency levels of acquired team members can
incur more expense, which impacts the estimated budget.
cause activity durations and schedules to change.
increase the length of the project.
require a more complex work breakdown be created.
Caused activity durations and schedule to change
A vender’s representative travels on business to a partner company in a foreign country, and meets with a business agent he has developed a long-standing friendship with. It is not customary to give gifts to those one does business with in this particular setting. The business agent takes the vendor rep to lunch at a favorite eatery and gives the vender rep a few small gifts. What should the vendor rep do?
Accept the lunch as business, but return the gifts.
Do not offend the “host” and accept whatever is offered.
Reciprocate with lunch or dinner for his host, before the vendor rep returns home.
Explain that company policy states he cannot accept meals since they pay for his travel and expenses, but personal gifts, providing they are from a friend, is permitted.
Accept the lunches business, but return the gifts
Systems are
linear in responsiveness
dynamic
static
limited to programs
Dynamic
A governance framework includes
policies
rules
norms
all of the above
All the above
Enterprise environmental factors can be
internal only
external only
both internal and external
neither internal or external
Both internal and External
Matrix organizational structure types include all but
parallel
weak
strong
balanced
Parallel
Internal enterprise environmental factors include
legal restrictions
infrastructure
academic research
financial considerations
Infrastructure
Which of the following is NOT a type of PMO
Formative
Supportive
Directive
Controlling
Formative
The project manager should be able to explain ________ Of the organization
strategy
mission
goals and objectives
All of the above
All the above
Leadership characteristics include all except
focus on the bottom line
develop
inspire trust
focus on vision
Focus on the bottom line
Team member characteristics to consider when adopting a leadership style include all except
finances
attitudes
moods
needs
Finances
Leadership styles the project manager can use include all but
Initiating
Transactional
Charismatic
Interactional
Initiating
Environmental characteristics to consider when adopting a leadership style include all except
social situation
work performed
economic state
political elements
Work performed
All the following are characteristics of management except
focus on the bottom line
do things right
innovate
accept status quo
Innovate
Project manager skills for being a leader include
being optimistic
being collaborative
building trust
all of the above
All of the above
Trends in project integration management include all except
use of automated tools
delegating project manager responsibilities
use of visual management tools
expanding project manager responsibilities
Delegating project manager responsibilities
What is the first process the project integration management team performs
Develop the project charter.
Develop the project scope.
Develop the project management plan.
Direct project management.
Develop the project charter
__________ are organizational process assets that reduce the amount of planning time needed at the beginning of a project and the likelihood of missing important project responsibilities
Acceptance criteria
Templates
Activity resource lists
Flowcharts and progress plans
Templates
Which of the following statements is incorrect regarding project stakeholders
Stakeholder interests can be negatively affected by the project
Stakeholders can be external or internal to the performing organization
Stakeholder identification is a continuous process and it is not critical to identify stakeholders early in the project
Organizations directly involved with the project are also project stakeholders
Stakeholder identification is a continuous process and it is not critical to identify stakeholders early in the project
George has been recently recruited in a ground handling company any major airport. He has been asked to conduct a feasibility study to determine whether outsourcing the aircraft catering function to a third-party would be a viable business decision or not. As the first step, George’s wishes to identify project stakeholders and analyze their influences and expectations. Linda is a senior project manager in the company who has recently conducted a similar project regarding outsourcing aircraft cleaning function To a third-party. Linda is not a stakeholder in George’s project. Meeting Linda in order to gain insight about project stakeholders and their influence is related to which of the following tools and techniques of the identifying stakeholder process?
Expert judgment
Stakeholder analysis
Analytical techniques
Organizational process assets
Expert judgment
Which of the following is not a discrete process defined in the PMPOK (R) guide?
Identify Stakeholders
Analyze Stakeholder Expectations
Plan Stakeholder Engagement
Monitor Stakeholder Engagement
Analyze stakeholder expectations
Nancy is initiating a manufacturing process improvement project. It is crucial for Nancy to identify her project stakeholders early on and analyze their influences, interest and expectations. The organization exhibits the typical behavior of a functional organization and she is experiencing a lot of resistance caring out this process. Which of the following inputs will help Nancy get a head start with the process?
Stakeholder analysis
Meetings with stakeholders
Project charter
Lessons learned from previous similar projects
Lessons learned from previous similar projects
Mark is the project manager for designing a new product line. Mark has identified most of the project stakeholders and met them in person to identify their roles and responsibilities, and their interest and expectations for the project. What should Mark do next?
Conduct a stakeholder impact and influence analysis
Assess how influential stakeholders would respond to different situations and events
Update the Stakeholder Management Plan
Schedule stakeholder identification meetings
Conduct a stakeholder impact and influence analysis
Which of the following is not a Tool and Technique of the Identify Stakeholder process
Stakeholder register
Data analysis
Expert judgment
Meetings
Stakeholder register
Which of the following is incorrect regarding the Salience Model
It classifies project stakeholders
It is based on stakeholder organizational roles and responsibilities
It is based on stakeholder powers and ability to enforce their will
It is based on stakeholder urgency
It is based on stakeholder organizational roles and responsibilities
What is the primary focus of project stakeholder management?
Stakeholder analysis
Stakeholder communications
Stakeholder engagement
Stakeholder identification
Stakeholder engagement
Effective project management leads to
missed deadlines
rework
meeting business objectives
cost overruns
meeting business objectives
