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Pathology > Infectious Disease > Flashcards

Infectious Disease Flashcards

1
Q

What is the most common extrasalivary complication of mumps?

A

Aseptic meningitis

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2
Q

Dew drops on a rose petal is the characteristic of skin lesion of what pathogen?

A

VZV Varicella Zooster Virus

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3
Q

Gumma is found in which stage of syphilis?

A

Tertiary

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4
Q

Which fungus is an important cause of CNS infections in immunocompromised patients and has a thick , gelatinous capsule?

A

Cryptococcus neoformans

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5
Q

What is the causative agent for Durck granulomas?

A

Plasmodium falciparum

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6
Q

Responsible for not developing chicken pos with prior chicken pox vaccine?

A

Varicella IgG antibodies

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7
Q

Usual pattern of inflammation observed in infections with extracellular Gram-positive cocci, and Gram negative rods ( pyogenic organism).

A

Suppurative

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8
Q

Usual pattern of inflammation observed in chronic and acute viral infections , and those involving intracellular bacteria.

A

Mononuclear

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9
Q

Usual pattern of inflammation observed in tuberculosis , fungal infections, and schistosome eggs, response to infectious agents that are not easily eliminated?

A

Granulomatous

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10
Q

Usual response to viral infections that involves cytopathic changes in cells (inclusion bodies and multinucleated giant cells ) or proliferation of host cells?

A

Cytophathic / Cytoproliferative

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11
Q

Usual response to Entamoeba histolytica , herpeseviruses in brain clostridial HBV in infections.

A

Tissue necrosis

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12
Q

Usually a sequela of chronic inflammation, seen in chronic HBV infection (cirrhosis) and schistosoma (pipestem fibrosis)

A

Chronic inflammation and scarring

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13
Q

Polymyelitis is caused by?

A

Virus

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14
Q

Cancer associated with with Epstein Barr Virus?

A
  1. Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
  2. Hodgkin lymphoma
  3. Burkitt Lymphoma
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15
Q

Most common outcome of EBV in healthy , immunocompetent adults.

A

Resolution (within 4-6 weeks of infection)

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16
Q

Most common extrasalivary complication of mumps?

A

Aseptic meningitis

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17
Q

Which one will have different clinical presentations based on age and immune status? EBV or CMV?

A

CMV

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18
Q

Mononucleosis-like illness with negative heterophile antibodies (Monospot test). Diagnosis?

A

CMV

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19
Q

Site of lesion of primary tuberculosis in the lungs?

A
  1. Lower part of the upper lobe
  2. Upper part of lower lobe
  3. Usually close to the pleura
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20
Q

Rickettsia infects what cell?

A

Endothelial cells

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21
Q

30/M , Kennel master from US presents with fever, myalgias, abd pain then developed widespread macular then petechial rash. Diagnosis?

A

Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever (Rickettsia rickettsia)

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22
Q

30/M , Kennel master from US presents with fever, myalgias, abd pain then developed widespread macular then petechial rash.
Patient develops dyspnea with white-out lungs on radiography.
What’s the present diagnosis?

A

ARDS ( Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome )

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23
Q

6-month old Female with intake of honey develops flaccid paralysis. What’s the diagnosis ?

A

Botulism

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24
Q

Diabetic patient with black lesion in nose. Microscopic exam shows non-septate hyphae branching at right angles, what’s the diagnosis?

A

Mucormycosis

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25
Q

30/M, with history of travel from Ethopia presents with a heaped up ulcer skin that spontaneously resolved 10days after . Diagnosis ?

A

Cutaneous Leishmaniasis

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26
Q

Thank 38/M with rectal prolapse. Stool exam shows lemon-shaped edds with bilateral polar plugs. Diagnosis?

A

Trichuriasis

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27
Q

Worm with humans as dead end hosts?

A

Trichinella spiralis

28
Q

Characteristics of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection?

A
  1. A deadly pathogen for people with neutropenia.
  2. Causes corneal keratitis in contact lens wearers.
  3. Poor prognosis for cystic fibrosis patients.
29
Q

Most common causative organism of a viral encephalitic syndrome?

A

Japanese encephalitis virus

30
Q

Cough, fever, tachypnea with X-ray showing infiltrates over both lungs bases. Biopsy showed intracellular inclusions , smalls cells with absent cytoplasmic inclusions.

A

CMV

31
Q

Type of obligate intracellular bacteria?

A

Chlamydia trachomatis

32
Q

Animal handler suffering from an animal bite may develop fatal neurologic disease by which virus that resembles HSV-1?

A

Herpesvirus simiae

33
Q

Virus and resulting disease.
Hep B : _________

A

Enterically transmitted Hepatitis

34
Q

Virus and resulting disease.
Norovirus - ____________

A

Gastroenteritis

35
Q

Virus and resulting disease.
EBV - ______________

A

Infectious mononucleosis

36
Q

Patients with HIV has severe non-productive cough with wheezing, fever, chills, shortness of breath, extreme fatigue. X-ray showed small pneumatoceles.

A

Pneumocystis jiroveci

37
Q

Disease caused by paramyxoviruses?

A

Mumps , Measles, Croup

38
Q

In what viral infection with brain involvement would you find Negri bodies?

A

Rabies

39
Q

The following infectious agents can replicate and survive both inside and outside host cells.

A

Fungi, Bacteria, Protozoa

40
Q

Endemic mycoses which is a major type of fungal infection is caused by ?

A

Dimorphic fungi

41
Q

DNA virus that has the highest oncogenic risk for cervical cancer.

A

HPV 16

42
Q

Classification of atypical mycobacteria that transitions from yellow to orange with light exposure.

A

Photochromogens

43
Q

The following are all present in primary TB? (3)

A
  1. Cavity formation
  2. Calcifications
  3. Caseating granulomas
44
Q

Whooping cough is characterized by the following? (3)

A
  1. Can be prevented by vaccination
  2. Presence of lymphocytosis
  3. Best diagnosed by PCR
45
Q

Bacteria associated with peptic ulcer disease?

A

Helicobacter pylori

46
Q

Percentage of individuals with streptococcal infection that will go to RF and GN?

A

RF: 0.4-2.8%

GN: 0.2-20%

47
Q

Which cells found in COVID-19 patients look promising for long term immunity?

A

T-cell

48
Q

Most common bacterial cause of Tonsillopharyngitis?

A

Group A Beta-hemolytic Streptococci ( GABHS)

49
Q

Patient consulting with gradual onset of coughs and sore throat associated with headache , chills, malaise , fever, wheezes and rales on auscultation; peri bronchial pneumonia with thickened bronchial markings, streaks of interstitial infiltration , and areas of sub-segmental atelectasis on chest x-ray.

A

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

50
Q

Laboratory test to diagnose mycoplasma pneumonia?

A

Culture of pulmonary specimen

51
Q

Most significant cutaneous pathology associated with mycoplasma pneumonia?

A

Erythema multiforme Major

52
Q

Histopathologic findings at the base of the vesicle in varicella lesions.

A

Intraepithelial vesicles with intranuclear inclusions

53
Q

Cause of presence of scar in varicella?

A

Lesions were scratched while sleeping because of pruritus

54
Q

Length of the course of illness in varicella?

A

2 weeks after respiratory infection

55
Q

Clinical features of varicella? (4)

A
  1. Multiple vesicular lesions over the face and extremities.
  2. High grade fever
  3. Prodrome of respiratory infection
  4. Dew drop on a rose petal rash vesicles rupture leaving crusts but no scars.
56
Q

Patient who drank water from a nearby store developed rice watery stools over the next 2 days.

A

Cholera

57
Q

Pathogenesis of cholera?

A

Elaboration of an enterotoxin which acts on bowel mucosal cells .

58
Q

What is the organism involved in cholera ?

A

Vibrio cholera

59
Q

Nodular lesions called gummas are seen in what type of syphillis?

A

Tertiary

60
Q

How are fatal abnormalities caused by Rubella?

A

Crossing the placenta early in pregnancy and infecting the fetus

61
Q

Major criteria in Dukes Criteria?

A
  1. Evidence of cardiac involvement by 2D Echo
  2. Positive blood cultures
62
Q

Laboratory test that is most helpful in establishing the diagnosis of RF?

A

Anti-streptolysin O titer

63
Q

Most common trigger of hematophagocytic lymphohistiocytoma.

A

Epstein-Barr Virus

64
Q

Morphological atypical keratinocytes described as enlarged cells with eccentric , pyknotic nuclei surrounded by a perinuclear halo found in HPV infection?

A

Koilocytes

65
Q

Characteristic finding of Malignant Hypertension in a case of Tertiary Syphilis?

A

Tree- bark appearance of the ascending aorta

66
Q

Stages of Inflammatory Response in lobar pneumonia? (4)

A

Congestion: red, heavy, boggy lung
Red hepatization: massive, confluent exudation with neutrophils , red cells and fibrin
Gray hepatization
Resolution

Pathology (23 decks)

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