Blood Vessels

Question 1

Sites commonly affected in atherosclerosis?
Common to least common

Answer 1

1. Lower abdominal aorta
2. Iliac arteries
3. Coronary arteries
4. Popliteal arteries
5. Internal carotid arteries
6. Circle of Willis

Question 2

Term when blood tunnels forms between layers of the vessel wall?

Answer 2

Dissection

Question 3

Which disease is characterized by ocular disturbances and weakening of pulses in the upper limbs?

Answer 3

Takayasu arteritis ; Patients < 50 yo

Question 4

Name 5 symptoms characteristic of Kawasaki disease?

Answer 4

1. Fever >5 days
2. Conjunctival injection
3. Mucosal erythema ( strawberry tongue)
4. Cervical lymphadenopathy
5. Polymorphous exanthem ( rashes)

Question 5

Which disease affects renal and visceral vessels and is associated with hepatitis B? What are the symptoms of this disease?

Answer 5

1. Polyarteritis nodosa
2. Abdominal pain ( due to visceral ischemia)
3. Hypertension ( due to renal vessel being affected)

Question 6

This disease has a strong association with smoking, mainly affects vessels of the extremities, and is characterized by thrombosis of affected vessels.

Answer 6

Thromboangitis obliterans ( Buerger Disease)

Question 7

The autosomal dominant disease is characterized by CNS hemangioblastomas, cavernous hemangiomas, renal cell carcinomas, and Pheochromocytomas.

Answer 7

Von Hippel-Lindau Disease

Question 8

Pathogenesis of septic shock may be associated with recognition of the following microbe derived substances.

Answer 8

Nucleotide oligomerization domain protein-1 Pathogen associated molecular patterns G protein coupled receptor.

Question 9

Rare multisystem autoimmune disease of unknown etiology with hallmarks of necrotizing granulomatous inflammation of the upper / lower respiratory tract, necrotizing systemic vasculitis affecting predominantly small vessels.

Answer 9

Wegeners Granulomatosis
( Granulomatosis with Polyangitis: GPA)

Question 10

Capillaries with fenestrated endothelium that have gaps between the endothelial cells but with continuous basement membrane. (3)

Answer 10

Endocrine glands
Intestinal Vili
Renal glomeruli

Question 11

Patients sought consult due to clubbing of fingers and toes. There is also a heart murmur and hematocrit of 70%. What’s the impression?

Answer 11

Presence of chronic hypoxia