Heart Flashcards
This occurs when an initially left to right shunt becomes a right to left shunt due to an irreversible changes in the pulmonary vasculature.
Eisenmengerization
This is the most common primary cardiac tumor in children.
Rhabdomyoma
Note:
Myxomas in adults
This is the inability of the heart to pump blood at a rate sufficient to meet the metabolic demands of tissues or can do so only at an elevated filling pressure.
Heart failure
What is the most common type of ASD ?
Secundum 90%
This specific cardiac enzyme is used to assess reinfarction due to it having faster rate of return to normal levels.
CK-MB
What is the most common causative agent in acute infective endocarditis?
Staphylococcus aureus
This is the most common cause of sudden cardiac death in young athletes.
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
5/M with non-restrictive ventricular septal defect later develops cyanosis. What’s your impression?
Eisenmengerization
49/F with a history of tuberculous pericarditis presents with easy fatigability, peripheral edema, and distended neck veins. The heart is not enlarged. What is the most likely diagnosis?
Constrictive pericarditis
46/M, left atrial mass. Microscopic sections show stellate or globular cells embedded in a mucopolysaccharide ground substance. What is the diagnosis?
Myxoma
Diabetic who complains of easy fatigability and shortness of breath like walking and going up the stairs, no maintenance medications. What would be the most likely cause of death?
Myocardial infarction
What are pathophysiologic contributors on the development of an infarct ?
- Deprivation of blood supply causing rapid damage to neurons.
- Partial occlusion of a small vessel in anemic patients.
- Availability of different pathways for the blood supply.
Familial hypercholesterolemia is found in a small percentage of people recovering from what disease?
Myocardial infarction
Part of the heart most affected in cor pulmonale?
Right ventricle
In a case of ischemic heart disease, where would a mural thrombus most likely occur?
Left ventricle
Cause of early clinical manifestations of congestive heart failure.
Pulmonary congestion
Characteristics of atherosclerotic plaques? (3)
- Lesions are due to intimal thickening and lipid accumulation
- Plaques vary in size but can coalesce to form larger masses.
- Atheromatous plaques are white - yellow and encroach on the lumen of the artery.
Which are the common mechanisms in the disease development of myocardial infarction ?
Coronary embolization
Coronary plaque fissuring
Intraplaque hemorrhage