Gastrointestinal Tract Flashcards
This syndrome is composed of upper esophageal webs, iron deficiency anemia, and glossitis.
Plummer-Vinson Syndrome
These are longitudinal mucosal tears near the gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) associated with severe retching or vomiting secondary to acute alcohol intoxication.
Mallory-Weiss Tears
What is the hallmark of Baret Esophagus?
Presence of Goblet cells within the squamous epithelium of the esophagus.
This stomach condition is characterized by having a thickened stiff wall with flattened rugae and is associated with diffuse infiltrative gastric carcinoma?
Linitis plastica
What is the most common site for neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) ?
Small intestine
Neuroendocrine tumors found in which part of the body tend to be multiple and aggressive?
Midgut ( Jejunum & Ileum )
What is considered as a risk factor for Crohn’s disease but is a protective factor for ulcerative colitis?
Smoking
What immunohistochemical marker is characteristic of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) ?
CD117
What is the common malignancy in gastrointestinal tract?
Colorectal adenocarcinoma
What gene is known as the gatekeeper of colonic neoplasia due to being one of the earliest mutational events that leads to the progression of colorectal cancer?
APC
This condiction occurs when mucinous tumors of the appendix spreads to the peritoneum , causing build-up of semisolid mucin in the abdomen.
Pseudomyxoma peritonei
Management of Crohn’s disease?
Steroids
Surgery
Immunomodulators
34/ F with pain felt shortly after meals without nocturnal awakening from pain. Gastric pH is increased. Endoscopy shows ulcer located at the corpus.
Gastric ulcer
34/ F with pain felt hours after meals with nocturnal awakening from pain. Gastric pH is decreased. Endoscopy shows ulcer located at the antrum.
Doudenal ulcer
39/ M case of Gastro esophageal reflux disease underwent endoscopy. Findings shows salmon colored plaques. Microscopic examination show goblet cells in gastric foveolar epithelium. Diagnosis?
Barrett Esophagus
Characteristic gross appearance of diffuse-type of gastric cancer.
Linitis plastica
Most common mesenchymal tumor of the gastrointestinal tract?
Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor
Cause of intestinal obstruction found in up to 5% of the population
Acquired hernia
Site of carcinoid tumors with worst prognosis?
Small intestine ( Jejunum , Ileum)
Inflammatory bowel disease with skip lesions , transmural inflammation, strictures, deep ulcers and noncaseating granulomas?
Crohn Disease
Inflammatory bowel disease where smoking is beneficial?
Ulcerative colitis
Gross findings in patients with Achalasia is?
Narrowed distal esophagus with dilatation of the proximal part
T2 lesion seen in Sigmoid adenocarcinoma means?
Involvement of the muscularis propia
What gastric biopsy results would most likely indicate gastric cancer?
Heaped up mucosal margins
Which risk factor is associated with development of esophageal cancer?
Ingestion of caustic liquid
In performing biopsies on palpable lesions, which microscopic finding is more likely indicative that the lesion is malignant?
Invasion to adjacent tissues
Distance of incisors to LES?
32-50 (40) cm
Esophageal biopsy showing intestinal metaplasia within the esophageal squamous mucosa?
Barrett Esophagus
Recto-vaginal fistula would most likely to arise from?
Crohn’s Disease
Which of the following phases of alkali caustic injury is the part where esophagus is the weakest?
Ulceration and Granulation
Histopathologic type of cancer in the mid esophagus is?
Adenocarcinoma
Middle aged man with recurrent epigastric pain occurring 1-3 hrs after meals and is worst at night. Was rushed to the ER one night due to severe pain on the back and chest. What’s your diagnosis?
Perforated Peptic Ulcer
Common radiographic finding of perforated peptic ulcer showing subdiaphragmatic air?
Pneumoperitoneum
Pathologic findings in achalasia are best described by?
Increased lower esophageal sphincter tone due to cholinergic signaling
In the case of chronic gastric ulcer, the lesion destroys the serosal surface of the stomach wall and produce a red granular exudate which is described as?
Fibrinopurulent
Microscopic changes occurring in distal esophagus with 5-year history of GERD.
Squamous ( basal) cell hyperplasia
Involvement of the left supraclavicular node by metastasis from stomach?
Virchow node
Stomach CA metastasis to ovaries ( bilateral) Characterized by abundant mucin-secreting , signet ring cells.
Krukenberg tumor
Subcutaneous periumbilical metastasis of stomach CA.
Sister Mary Joseph Nodule
Palpable mass on Digital Rectal Exam suggesting metastasis to rectouterine pouch ( pouch of Douglas)
Blumer shelf
