Important to remember for test

Question 1

strong bonds between 2 atoms that share a pair of valence electrons

Answer 1

covalent bonds

Question 2

strong attractions between ions (+ and - charged atoms)

Answer 2

ionic bonds

Question 3

weak attractions between the partial charges of molecules with polar covalents

Answer 3

hydrogen bonds

Question 4

is when the electrons are unequally shared by the atoms and are attracted more to one nucleus than the other

Answer 4

polar covalent bonds

Question 5

because of the unequal distribution of electrons between atoms of different elements a slightly positive and a slightly negative charge develops

Answer 5

polar covalent bonds

Question 6

an example of a polar covalent bond

Answer 6

water

Question 7

combined with 2 hydrogen atoms and 1 oxygen atom

Answer 7

water H2O

Question 8

the number of covalent bonds an atom can form

Answer 8

valence shell

Question 9

usually equal to the number of electrons required to complete the outer most electron shell

Answer 9

valence shell

Question 10

for this reason, the outermost electron shell of an atom is referred to as the valence shell

Answer 10

why the valence shell is important in forming covalent bonds

Question 11

a difference in electronegatively between the two atoms that are covalently bound causes the bond to be more polar The atom that is more electronegative has the elections a larger amount of the time than the atom that is less electronegative

Answer 11

why is polar

Question 12

the atom that has the electrons the majority of the time is partially negative charged, while the atom that has the electrons a smaller amount of the time is positively charged

Answer 12

a polar covalent bond

Question 13

Adding up the # of protons and neutrons

Answer 13

how do you figure out the mass of an atom

Question 14

atoms of the same element that have different number os neutrons

Answer 14

isotopes

Question 15

positive ions that are formed by losing an electron

Answer 15

cations

Question 16

negative ions that are formed by gaining an electron

Answer 16

anions

Question 17

are designated by their element name being altered to end in “ide”

Answer 17

anions

Question 18

movement of electrons from one element to another is referred to as

Answer 18

electron transfer

Question 19

the lowest energy state

Answer 19

ground state

Question 20

when the number of electrons is no longer equal to the number of protons each is now an

Answer 20

ion

Question 21

formed between ions with opposite charges

Answer 21

ionic bonds

Question 22

the attraction between cations and anions is called

Answer 22

ionic bonds

Question 23

+ charged Na ions and - charged Cl ions bond together to make crystals of NaCl or table salt creating a crystalline with 0 net charge

Answer 23

an example of an ionic bond bond forming an ionic compound