Important Info Exam 1 2.4 Flashcards
Which of the following is NOT an action of the body on a drug?
a. Absorption
b. Distribution
c. Metabolism
d. Excretion
e. Adverse effects
e. Adverse effects
The study of cost and benefits/detriments of drugs used clinically.
Pharmacoeconomics
The study of drugs effects between individuals in a population and between populations
Pharmacoepidemiology
What phase can be used for humans but still is in the post-marketing surveillance phase?
Phase 4
What phase is the investigative new drug phase?
After preclinical testing and before phase 1.
Which of these drug: target interactions is an example of covalent bonding
(irreversible)?
a. Aspirin and cyclooxygenase
b. Opiod and mu receptors
c. Inflimaxib and HMG-CoA reductase
a. Aspirin and cyclooxygenase
What determines the degree of movement of a drug between body compartment?
a. Size
b. pH
c. degree of ionization
d. protein binding
e. all of the above
e. all of the above
Aspirin readily donates a proton in aqueous solutions and pyrimethamine readily
accepts a protein in aqueous solution. Thus, aspirin is a ___ and pyrimethamine is a
____.
Acid; base
For a dose/response chart, what will you need to do the dose if you add a competitive
inhibitor.
Increase dose to get effect
Following the agonist activation of a single GPCR, amplification of the downstream signal occurs because
Duration of activation of G-protein is longer than agonist activation of receptor
What allows histamine to get a variety of different effects in different receptors?
Heterogeneity of the g-protein coupled receptors
What superfamily has a DNA binding domain?
Nuclear receptors
What keeps the nuclear receptors ligands stable?
Heat shock protein
What receptor takes the longest and requires hours to days for an effect?
a. G-coupled protein receptor
b. Ligand gated receptor
c. Nuclear receptor
d. Kinase-linked receptor
c. Nuclear receptor
Acidic drugs bind primarily to which of the following plasma proteins?
Albumin
Basic drugs bind primarily to which of the following plasma proteins?
Alpha-1 glycoprotein
Question for therapeutic response (two questions about this, worded differently)
Unbound to plasma proteins
If a drug is 80% bound to blood elements or plasma proteins, what part is considered
the free form?
20%
What is the average bioavailability of a drug following IV administration?
100%
What organ is responsible for metabolism in the first pass effect?
liver
Which of the following would receive a drug slowly?
adipose
Bactrim is a 2C9 inhibitor and warfarin is the substrate for 2C9. What will happen in
someone who takes Bactrim?
a. Warfarin will be enhanced
b. Warfarin will decrease
c. Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim will be enhanced
d. Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim will decrease
a. Warfarin will be enhanced
Pharmacokinetics is the effect of the ____, and pharmacodynamics is the effect of the
_____
Body on the drug; drug on the body
Which of the following is NOT a pharmacokinetic process?
The drug causes dilation of coronary vessels
Which of the following described minimal effective concentration (MEC)?
Minimal drug plasma concentration to produce effect
Which one refers to your body’s “tank”?
Volume of distribution
For first-order drug elimination, half-life t1/2 is _____ at two places on the curve and a
constant ____ is lost per unit 8me.
equal; percentage
What happens to insulin once its bound to the receptor?
a. Acetyl group to tyrosine kinase protein
b. Methyl group to tyrosine kinase protein
c. Phosphate group to tyrosine kinase protein
d. Carboxylic group to tyrosine kinase protein
c. Phosphate group to tyrosine kinase protein
Physiochemical proper8es of drugs – know all of them (one I answered saying racemic
mixture regarding chirality)
idk dude
Equation for loading dose for an IV drug
D = Vd x Css / F
Which of the following drugs would most likely need a loading dose to help reach
therapeutic levels?
Whichever t(1/2) is the greatest
Which of the following is the amount of a drug absorbed per the amount administered?
Bioavailability
The lipid soluble form of a base is _____ and the lipid-soluble form of an acid is _____
Unprotonated; protonated
What prohibited full FDA review of supplements and botanicals as drugs?
Dietary supplement health and education act
Who is in charge of the safety regarding drug development?
a. Manufacturers
b. UMKC school of pharmacy
c. FDA
d. You
a. Manufacturers
What did Paul Ehrlich say about drugs? A drug will not work unless it is _____
a. Bound
b. Freely in fat
c. Freely in water
a. Bound
What happens when naloxone is bound to morphine?
Shifts to the right
What superfamily receptor is a single trans-membrane spanning domain?
Kinase-linked and related receptors
What superfamily receptor is a 7 trans-membrane spanning domain?
GPCR
What drug is used for patients with TNF-a to decrease symptoms?
Infliximab
What does verapamil block?
a. Calcium
b. Sodium
c. Phosphate
Calcium
The first order elimina8on of a drug half-life is constant. (true or false)
T
For a drug to be useful, what needs to occur?
Must show a high degree of binding site specificity
What drug receptor interaction still allows binding of the agonist, but binds to the same
receptor?
a. Allosteric antagonist
b. Competitive inhibitor
c. Agonist
a. Allosteric antagonist
HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) do what?
Competitively inhibit rate-limiting step in cholesterol biosynthesis in liver
(lovastatin)
