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First Aid > Immunology > Flashcards

Immunology Flashcards

1
Q

Encapsulated organisms

A

(Please SHINE my SKiS)

Pseudomonas aeurginosa, s. pneumo, h. flu, n. meningitidis, e. coli, salmonella, klebsiella pneumo, GBS`

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2
Q

From where does the thymus develop?

A

3rd and 4th pharyngeal pouches

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3
Q

Disease associated with HLA A3

A

Hemochromatosis

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4
Q

Dz assoc. w/ HLA B8

A

Addison, myasthenia gravis

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5
Q

Dz assoc. w/ DQ2/8

A

Celiac (I ate too much gluten at Dairy Queen)

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6
Q

Dz assoc. w/ DR2

A

MS, hay fever, SLE, Goodpasture

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7
Q

Dz assoc. w/ DR3

A

T1DM, SLE, Graves, Hashimoto, Addison

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8
Q

Dz assoc. w/ DR4

A

RA (4 walls in a room), T1DM, Addison

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9
Q

Dz assoc. w/ DR5

A

Pernicious anemia, Hashimoto

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10
Q

NK activity enhanced by these cytokines

A

IL-2, 12, IFN alpha, beta

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11
Q

Contraindication in hereditary angioedema

A

ACE inhibitors.
HA is a C1 esterase inhibitor deficiency. Leads to unregulated conversion of kallikrein to bradykinin. ACE inhibitors block degradationof bradykinin, making it worse

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12
Q

IL-1 (secreting cell, and the effects)

A

Macrophages
Osteoclast-activating factor
Fever, acute inflammation, activates endothelium
(“Hot T-bone stEAK”)

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13
Q

IL-2 (secreting cell, and the effects)

A

Secreted by all T cells
Stimulates all T cell types, and NK cells
(“Hot T-bone stEAK”)

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14
Q

IL-3 (secreting cell, and the effects)

A

Secreted by all T cells. Supports growth and differentiation of bone
(“Hot T-bone stEAK”)

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15
Q

IFN-gamma (secreting cell, and the effects)

A

Secreted by NK cells and T cells in response to IL-12 from macrophaghes
Stimulates macrophages to kill phagocytozed pathogens
Also activates NK cells and increases antigen presentation by all cells
Inhibits Th2 differentiation

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16
Q

IL-4 (secreting cells, and the effects)

A

Secreted by Th2 cells
Induces Th2 differentiation and class switches to IgE and G
(“Hot T-bone stEAK”)

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17
Q

IL-5 (secreting cells, and the effects)

A

Secreted by Th2 cells
Enhances class switching to IgA and stimulates eosinophils
(“Hot T-bone stEAK”)

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18
Q

IL-10 (secreting cells, and the effects)

A

Secreted by Th2 cells and Tregs

Attenuates response

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19
Q

IL-6 (secreting cells, and the effects)

A

Secreted by macrophages
Fever and acute phase proteins
(“Hot T-bone stEAK”, K is for akute)

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20
Q

IL-8 (secreting cells, and the effects)

A

Secreted by macrophages
Major chemotactic factor for neutrophils
(“clean up on isle 8”)

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21
Q

IL-12 (secreting cells, and the effects)

A

Secreted by macrophages

Induces Th1 differentiation and activates NK cells

22
Q

TNF-alpha (secreting cells and the effects)

A

Secreted by macrophages
Septic shock, activates endothelium, recruits WBCs, vascular leak
Also causes cachexia in malignancy

23
Q

Exposure to these pathogens can be treated by passive immunity

A

Tetanus, botilinum, HBV, varicella, rabies

“to be healed very rapidly”

24
Q

This is the only live attenuated vaccine given to people with HIV

25
Q

Inactivated vaccines

A

Rabies, influenza (injection), Polio (salk), hepatitis A

“RIP Always”

26
Q

Dz assoc. w/ anticentromere ab

A

limited scleroderma (CREST)

27
Q

Dz assoc. w/ anti-desmoglein

A

aka anti-desmosome. Pemphigus vulgaris

28
Q

Dz assoc. w/ anti-dsDNA, anti-Sm

29
Q

Dz assoc. w/ anti-hemidesmosome

A

bullous pemphigoid

30
Q

Dz assoc. w/ anti-histone

A

drug induced lupus

31
Q

Dz assoc. w/ anti-Jo-1, anti-SRP, anti-Mi-2

A

polymyositis, dermatomyositis

32
Q

Dz assoc. w/ anti-microsomal

A

hashimoto. also assoc w/ antithyroglobulin

33
Q

Dz assoc. w/ anti-mitochondrial ab

A

primary biliary cirrhosis

34
Q

Dz assoc. w/ anti-phospholipase A2 receptor

A

primary membranous nephropathy

35
Q

Dz assoc. w/ anti-Scl-70 (anti-topoisomerase II)

A

diffuse scleroderma

36
Q

Dz assoc. w/ anti-smooth muscle

A

Autoimmune hepatitis type I

37
Q

Dz assoc w/ anti-Ro, anti-La (aka SSA, SSB)

A

sjogren syndrome

38
Q

Dz assoc. w/ anti-U1 RNP

39
Q

Dz assoc w/ P-ANCA (MPO-ANCA)

A

microscopic polyangiitis, Churg-Strauss (eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis)

40
Q

Dz assoc. w/ C-ANCA (PR3-ANCA)

A

Wegener’s (granulomatosis with polyangiitis)

41
Q

This immunodeficiency has an increased risk of autoimmune disease

42
Q

Etiology of Job syndrome

A

Th17 deficiency due to STAT3 mutation

43
Q

Clinical manifestations of Job syndrome

A

FATED: facies, cold staph abscesses, retained primary teeth, increased IgE, dermatologic problems (eczema)

44
Q

lab findings in ataxia-telangietasia

A

lymphopenia, low antibody titer, high AFP

45
Q

Catalase positive organisms

A

Nocardia, pseudomonas, listeria, aspergillus, candida, e. coli, staph, serratia, b cepacia, h pylori
(“Cats Need PLACESS to Belch their Hairballs”)

46
Q

Abnormal screening test sin GCD

A

Dihydrorhodamine (flow cytometry) and nitroblue tetrazolium dye reduction (stays clear)

47
Q

AE cyclosporine and tacrolimus

A

Both nephrotoxicity, HTN, hyperlipidemia, and neurotoxicity.
Cyclosporine uniquely has gingival hyperplasia and hirsutism
Tacrolimus has increased risk of diabetes and neurotoxicity, but none of CsA’ unique ones

48
Q

AE of sirolumus (ripamycin)

A

pancytopenia (“panSirtopenia”), insulin resistance, hyperlipidemia, spares kidney

49
Q

AE of daclizumab, basilixumab

A

Edema, HTN, tremor

50
Q

Allopurinol increases toxicity of this immunosuppresant

A

azathioprine

51
Q

AE mycophenolate mofetil

A

GI upset, pancytopenia, HTN, hyperglycemia. Associated with invasive CMV infection

First Aid (18 decks)

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