Behavioral Science Flashcards
what is OR
(a/c) / (b/d)
odds that those with disease were exposed, divided by odds that those without disease were exposed
what is RR
EER/CER
[ a/(a+b) ] / [ c/(c+d) ]
the chance of getting disease if exposed divided by the chance of getting disease if not exposed
attributable risk
EER-CER
[a / (a+b) ] - [c / (c+d) ]
relative risk reduction
(EER-CER)/CER
NNT
1/ARR
absolute risk reduction
EER-CER
[c / (c+d) ] - [a / (a+b) ]
NNH
1/AR
The bias where population from hospital is less healthy than general population
Berkson bias
Type 1 error (alpha)
false positive
Type 2 error (beta)
false negative
calculate power
1 - beta
p value compared agasnst a preset…
alpha level of significance
Z for 95% CI
1.96
Z for 99% CI
2.58
Surrogate priority
spouse > adult children > parents > adult siblings
age range where primitive reflexes disappear
0-12 mo
age range where posture is developed
0-12 mo
age range where pointing is developed
0-12 mo
age range where pincer grasp is developed
0-12 mo (by 10 mo)
age range for social smiling
0-12 mo (earlier than stranger anxiety or separation anxiety)
age range for stranger anxiety
0-12 mo (after social smiling)
age range for separation anxiety
0-12 mo (last social stage in this range)
age range for orientation to name
0-12 mo (by 9 mo)
age range for object permanence
0-12 mo
age range for oratory development (“mama” “dada”)
0-12 mo (by 10 mo)
age range for first steps
12-36 mo (borderline, because its by 12-18 months)
age range for climbing stairs
12-36 mo (by 18 mo)
age range for cube stacking
12-36 mo. cubes stacked = age (years) x 3
age range for using spoon and fork (“cultured”)
12-36 mo
age range for kicking ball
12-36 mo (by 2 years)
age range for recreation
12-36 mo
age range for reapproachment of mother
12-36 mo
age range for realization of core gender identity
12-36 mo
age range for 200 words
12-36 mo (200 words by age 2)
age range for tricycle, drawing, and dexterity
3-5 years
age range for freedom
3-5 years
age range for friends
3-5 years
age range for language
1000 words by age 3
changes in sleep in the elderly
decreased REM and slow-wave sleep. increased sleep onset latency and increased early awakenings
what is the name for high frequency hearing loss? what is the cause?
presbycusis. destruction of hair cells at cochelar base
name the 4 parts of medicare
A - hospital, B - basic, D - drugs, C - A+B by private companies
Top 3 causes of death less than 1 year
congenital, preterm, SIDS
top 3 causes of death 1-14 years
injury, cancer, congenital
top 3 causes of death 15-34 years
injury, suicide, homicide
top 3 causes of death 35-44
injury, cancer, heart disease
top 3 causes of death 45-64
cancer, heart disease, injury
top 3 causes of death 65+
heart disease, cancer, chronic respiratory disease
top 3 medicare readmissions
CHF, septicemia, pneumonia
top 3 medicaid readmissions
mood disorders, psychotic disorders, diabetes
top 3 uninsured readmissions
mood disorders, alcohol, diabetes
top 3 private insurance readmissions
cancer therapy, mood disorders, treatment complications
difference in root cause vs. failure mode and effects analysis
RCA is retro. FMEA is prospective
attributable risk percent
(1-RR)/RR
