Immune System Flashcards
Halogenated Aromatic Hydrocarbons
mediated via HAH binding to the cytosolic aromatic hydrocarbon receptor (AHR).
upregulation of certain proteins with a net immunosuppressive effect.
Klaassen, Curtis D.; Watkins, John B.. Casarett & Doull’s Essentials of Toxicology, Third Edition (Lange) . McGraw-Hill Education. Kindle Edition.
Assessment of Contact Hypersensitivity in Experimental Animals
use of guinea pig models.
the Büehler test - the test article is applied to the shaven flank and covered with an occlusive bandage for 6 hours. This procedure is repeated on Days 7 and 14. On day 28, a challenge dose of the test article is applied to a shaven area on the opposite flank and covered with an occlusive dressing for 24 hours.
guinea pig maximization test - differs in that the test article is administered by intradermal injection, an adjuvant is employed, and irritating concentrations are used.
Klaassen, Curtis D.. Casarett & Doull’s Toxicology: The Basic Science of Poisons, 9th Edition (p. 661). McGraw-Hill Education. Kindle Edition.
Methyldopa
Platelets and erythrocytes are targeted by the immune system in individuals treated with this drug,
Klaassen, Curtis D.; Watkins, John B.. Casarett & Doull’s Essentials of Toxicology, Third Edition (Lange) . McGraw-Hill Education. Kindle Edition.
Hydralazine, Isoniazid, and Procainamide
produce autoimmunity, maniifested as a systemic lupus erythematosus-like syndrome.
Klaassen, Curtis D.; Watkins, John B.. Casarett & Doull’s Essentials of Toxicology, Third Edition (Lange) . McGraw-Hill Education. Kindle Edition.
Mercury
autoimmune disease that is manifested as glomerular nephropathy.
Klaassen, Curtis D.; Watkins, John B.. Casarett & Doull’s Essentials of Toxicology, Third Edition (Lange) . McGraw-Hill Education. Kindle Edition.
Silica
may kill macrophages or may act as an immunostimulant. Silica has been shown to be associated with an increase in scleroderma in silica-exposed workers.
Klaassen, Curtis D.; Watkins, John B.. Casarett & Doull’s Essentials of Toxicology, Third Edition (Lange) . McGraw-Hill Education. Kindle Edition.
DHR test
mice
The DHR evaluates the ability of memory T cells to recognize foreign antigen, proliferate and migrate to the site of the antigen, and secrete cytokines in vivo.
Mice are sensitized by a subcutaneous injection of the chemical. Radiolabeled iodine is allowed to be incorporated into the mouse’s mononuclear cells. some of the sensitizing chemical is injected into the ear, and, after euthanizing the mouse, the ear is evaluated for the presence of radiolabeled mononuclear cells.
Klaassen, Curtis D.; Watkins, John B.. Casarett & Doull’s Essentials of Toxicology, Third Edition (Lange) . McGraw-Hill Education. Kindle Edition.
Measurement of anti-drug antibodies (ADA) in nonclinical studies
should be evaluated when there is 1) evidence of altered PD activity; 2) unexpected changes in exposure in the absence of a PD marker; or 3) evidence of immune-mediated reactions (immune complex disease, vasculitis, anaphylaxis, etc.).”
