Cardiovascular Flashcards
Action potential phases
Calcineurin
regulation of transcription factors involved in hypertrophic growth of cardiac myocytes.
Klaassen, Curtis D.. Casarett & Doull’s Toxicology: The Basic Science of Poisons, 9th Edition (p. 914). McGraw-Hill Education. Kindle Edition.
fluoroquinolones
Grepafloxacin, moxifloxacin, and sparfloxacin are associated with QT prolongation
Klaassen, Curtis D.. Casarett & Doull’s Toxicology: The Basic Science of Poisons, 9th Edition (p. 936). McGraw-Hill Education. Kindle Edition.
torsade de pointes
polymorphic ventricular tachycardia
Hypokalemia in combination with torsadogenic drugs is a most recognized risk factor for QT prolongation and Torsades de Pointes.
Klaassen, Curtis D.. Casarett & Doull’s Toxicology: The Basic Science of Poisons, 9th Edition (p. 929). McGraw-Hill Education. Kindle Edition.
Antiarrhythmic drugs
Na+ channel blockers (class I)
β-adrenergic blockers (class II)
drugs that prolong action potential duration, especially K+ channel blockers (class III)
Ca2+ channel blockers (class IV).
Klaassen, Curtis D.. Casarett & Doull’s Toxicology: The Basic Science of Poisons, 9th Edition (p. 932). McGraw-Hill Education. Kindle Edition.
Cardioactive Glycosides
The cardiac glycosides inhibit Na+, K+-ATPase, which increases contractility.
Klaassen, Curtis D.; Watkins, John B.. Casarett & Doull’s Essentials of Toxicology, Third Edition (Lange) . McGraw-Hill Education. Kindle Edition.
Cardiac sensitization
an acute hypersensitivity of the heart to circulating levels of adrenaline (epinephrine) in the presence of many halogenated hydrocarbons.
Terfenadine
antihistamine drug
withdrawn from market due to risk of Torsade de pointe.
Potassium channels antagonist.
people with liver disease or who took ketoconazole, an antifungal agent, or the antibiotic erythromycin, could suffer cardiac arrhythmia if they also took Seldane (With Cyp3A4 antagonist)
