Endocrine Flashcards
Dibromochloropropane (DBCP)
fumigant pesticide
infertility in male workers increased FSH and LH low testosterone no abortions or congenital malformations low ratio of male offspring
inconclusive carcinogenecity
Triclosan
antimicrobial in lots of products
estrogen and thyroid effects
decreased in testosterone, sperm count, estrogen receptor expression, aromatase
impaired fertility, small litter size, impaired growth and development
decreased T4; adverse effect on brain development and memory in rats
Anti-androgen activity
Flame retardants
Vinclozolin (fungicide) - low sperm count or infertility; epigenetic mechanism
Diethylstilbestrol (DES)
vaginal clear cell adenocarcinoma from in utero exposure
genital abnormalities in males; hypospadia
increased breast cancer; uterine cancer
Phytoestrogens
isoflavones (legumes, soy)
coumestans (soy sprouts)
lignans (flax)
Bisphenol A (BPA)
xenoestrogen; weak estrogen receptor agonist
used in polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins
reproductive toxicant - endometriosis, increased uterine weights, and repro failure in mice
Pesticides
methoxychlor, chordecone, DDT
organochlorine insecticides
Zearalenone
fungal toxin (Fusarium, Gibberella) Repro failure in livestock affects maturation of ovarian follicles, hypertrophy of estrogen responsive tissues, decreased repro, abortions, stillbirths
hyperestrogenic syndrome in people
Perchlorate (ClO4-)
rocket fuel, explosives, clorination productes, fertilizers - contamination of drinking water is concern
inhibits iodine uptake by thyroid - competes for uptake of iodine by sodium-iodine symporter (NIS)
-> hypothyroidismm and goiter
other goiterogens - nitrates, thiocyanates (Brassica), perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS, flame retardant)
Aromatase inhibitors
aromatase converts testosterone to estradiol and estrone
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) adversely affect neurodevelopment and act as aromatase inhibitors
