IFSTA(5th)-Chapter 9 Flashcards
forcible entry
the variety of means used to gain access
into structures, vehicles, aircraft, etc. whose normal means of entry is locked or blocked.
2 goals of forcible entry
access ASAP
minimal secondary damage
rule out _____ entry before using _____.
normal entry
forcible entry techniques
2 things to do before forcing entry
1) try before you pry
2) look for a lock box/key pad
NFPA 1001 requires FF1 to know 5 things
about forcible entry
1)basic construction of doors, windows, and walls 2)operation of doors, windows, and locks 3)dangers of forcing entry 4)transporting and operating all hand and power forcible entry tools 5)how to force entry through doors, windows, and walls
There are _____ structural forcible entry
requirements for FFII. However, there are
more requirements for forcing entry into
______.
no additional
vehicles
4 categories of forcible entry tools
cutting
prying
pushing/pulling
striking
17 cutting tools
1) flat head axe
2) pick head axe
3) bolt cutters
4) re-bar cutters
5) oxy-acetylene torch
6) oxy-gasoline torch
7) burning bars
8) plasma cutters
9) cutting flares
10) carpenter’s saw
11) hack saw
12) drywall saw
13) keyhole saw
14) circular saw
15) rotary saw
16) reciprocating saw
17) chain saw
pick-head and flat-head axes come with a
_____ or _____ head.
6#
8#
4 things you can do with a pick-head axe
cutting
prying
digging
striking
5 things that the pick-head axe is very effective for chopping through.
wooden structural components shingles roof coverings aluminum siding other natural/lightweight materials
the pick end of the axe can be used to
______ that resist being cut by the blade.
penetrate materials
the blade of the pick-head axe can be used
to _____ or as _____ to force open doors.
break windows/cut windshields
prying tool
the flat-head axe can be used with other
tools to _____. the flat-head axe is used to
_____ the other tool, forcing the _____ end
into a door jam or window sill.
force entry
strike
bit
“irons”
combination of a flat-head axe and a
halligan tool
7 things bolt cutters are used to cut
1) bolts
2) iron bars
3) pins
4) cables
5) hasps
6) chains
7) some padlock shackles
bolt cutters should _____ to cut _____.
not be used
case-hardened materials
face shields and eye protection must be
used when _____.
cutting
re-bar cutters are normally ______ and can
be ______ or ______.
hydraulic
powered
manually operated
oxy-acetylene torches are used to _____.
they cut through _____ and _____ with
relative ease
cut through heavy metal components that resist being cut by other forcible entry tools. iron steel
oyy-acetylene torches can be both _____
or _____.
hand carried
wheeled units
oxy-acetylene torches produce a flame
with temperatures > ______ when cutting.
5700 F or 3149 C
Acetylene is a _____ gas that has an
explosive range from _____ in air and is
used as a _____ for cutting and welding
operations.
colorless
2.5-81%
fuel gas
acetylene is an _____ gas that is both
______ and _____ sensitive.
unstable
pressure
shock
C2H2
acetylene
what prevents accumulations of free
acetylene gas within the cylinder?
calcium silicate
acetylene is dissolved in _____.
liquid acetone
when the cylinder is opened, _____ is
liberated from the _____.
acetylene gas
acetone
keep acetylene cylinders _____! losing ____
could cause the cylinder to _____.
upright
acetone
explode
never exceed _____ operating pressure
for oxy-acetylene torches
15 psi
MPS
methylacetylene-propadiene, stabilized
2 names for MPS
MAPP Gas
Apache Gas
MPS is less _____ and less _____ than
acetylene
pressure sensitive
prone to explosive decomposition
oxy-gasoline torches produce a cutting
flame around _____ or _____.
2800 F
1538 C
gasoline is much more _____ than
acetylene and is much _____ and more
______.
safe
cheaper
readily available
unlike torches that use _____ fuels,
oxy-gasoline systems use a liquid
(gasoline) and as a result, the _____ cannot
travel back through the _____.
gaseous
flame
hose line
exothermic reactions can produce 3 things
heat
flame
toxic smoke
burning bars are _____
ultra-high temperature cutting devices
capable of cutting through any metallic,
non-metallic, and composite material.
burning bars cut through _____ and _____
that cannot be cut with an _____ or _____.
masonry
concrete
oxy-acetylene cutting torch
oxy-gasoline cutting torch
burning bars produce temperatures in
excess of _____
10,000 degrees F
burning bar sizes
diameter = ______
length = ______
1/4” to 1”
18” to 10’
plasma cutters produce temps in excess
of _____
25,000 degrees F
plasma arc cutters are _____ that require
a _____ and a _____.
ultra-high temperature metal-cutting devices
power supply
compressed gas
4 compressed gases that could be used for
plasma cutters include _____.
air
nitrogen
mixture or argon and helium
mixture of argon and hydrogen
for plasma cutters, an ______ melts the
material being cut, a _____ is heated into
_____ by the _____. the _____ is used to
blow the molten material away from the
cutting area.
electric arc jet of gas plasma arc plasma
cutting flares are approximately the _____
and are _____ and _____. they produce up to a ______ degree F flame that will last from ______.
same size and shape of highway flares portable lightweight 6800 15 seconds to 2 minutes
2 advantages of the cutting flare
1) no hose line or power cable
2) portable and lightweight
4 handsaws used in the fire service
carpenter’s handsaw(rip cut and crosscut)
drywall saw
hacksaw
keyhole saw
5 power saws used in the fire service
chain saw circular saw rotary saw reciprocating saw ventilation saw
circular saw is _____ and has a _____ or a
_____
electric
power cord
battery pack
rotary saws normally have their own _____
and use _____. they have _____ that can be
used to cut 3 things.
power source
gasoline
changeable blades
wood/masonry/metal
when using a rotary saw to cut metal, you
must have a _____ or _____ nearby.
charged hoseline
portable fire extinguisher
never use a rotary saw to cut a tank that
may have _____ inside.
flammable vapor
never use a power saw in a _____.
flammable atmosphere
rotary saws may spin up to _____
6000 rpm
rotary saws may have blades with _____
and are far superior to standard blades
because they are _____ with heavy use.
carbide-tipped teeth
less prone to dulling
6 characteristics of a reciprocating saw
1) powerful and fast
2) versatile
3) highly controllable
4) short, straight blade
5) moves in/out like a handsaw
6) different blades for different materials
3 things reciprocating saws cut
wood
glass
metal
reciprocating saws can be _____ or come
with a _____.
battery powered
power cord
2 common uses of the chain saw
cutting wood/wildland FF
cutting roofing material for ventilation
3 things chain saws should have
carbide-tipped teeth
depth gauge
kickback protection
lever
bar that pivots about a fixed point
fulcrum
the point on which a lever pivots
levers are used _____ objects by creating
_____.
to lift, raise, open, and move things
mechanical advantage
the longer the lever, the _____.
greater the force applied
9 manual prying tools
claw tool crow bar flat bar (nail puller) halligan hux bar kelly tool pry axe pry bar ram bar
a rambar has a _____ that surrounds the
handle and can be used with only _____. it
is one of the _____ manual prying tools.
sliding weight
1 FF
most efficient
one use of a hydraulic ram is to _____
place it between the sides of the door
frame and spread the frame so that the
door will pop open
hydraulic door opener is valuable when
_____
multiple doors need to be opened such as
in apartments or hotels
2 components of a hydraulic door opener
hand pump
spreader device
the spreader for a hydraulic door opener
has _____
intermeshed teeth
8 pushing/pulling tools
clemens hook drywall hook multi-purpose hook pike pole plaster hook roofman's hook rubbish hook san francisco hook
2 uses for pike poles
pulling down false ceilings
opening interior walls
rubbish hook is used to _____
move loose materials that may contain
hidden fires…such as trash, hay, or burned
debris
2 components of the pike pole
steel hook and prong
varying length handle
plaster hooks are used to ____
penetrate drywall/sheetrock and then pull
it away from the studs.
3 components of the plaster hook
steel point
collapsible knife-like wings with springs
handle
when breaking glass do 2 things first
stay upwind
position yourself above the glass if possible
the only pushing/pulling tool that can be
used to pry is the _____.
roofman’s hook (because it is all metal)
10 striking tools
axes (flat head) axes (pick head) battering rams chisels hammers mallets mauls punches picks sledgehammers
both ____ or ____ must be used in addition
to the _____ when using striking tools.
goggles
safety glasses
helmet’s face shield
cheater bar
a piece of pipe slipped over the end of a
prying bar’s handle.
a cheater bar is used to ____.
lengthen the handle of a prying tool thus
increasing the leverage
cheater bars should _____.
never be used
when using a rotary saw, start the cut ____
to prevent the blade from binding into the
material.
at full rpms
be vary of the _____ or _____ created by
spinning blades of a rotary saw. this is the
_____ caused by the spinning blade.
gyroscopic effect
torsion effect
twisting
never store composite blades in any
compartment _____. this could make them
subject to _____.
where gasoline or hyrdrocabon fumes
accumulate
sudden and violent disintegration
10 safety guidelines for power saws
1)follow manufacturer’s guidelines
2)keep all non-essential people away
3)fully inspect before and after each use
4)proper PPEs including gloves, hearing
protection, and eye protection
5)do not use in a flammable atmosphere or
near flammable liquids
6)be aware of hidden hazards such as
electrical wires, gas lines, and water lines
7)keep blades/chains well-sharpened
8)match the saw to the task or material to
be cut
9)start all cuts at full rpms
10)maintain situational awareness at all times
carry tools with blades, points, and
sharp edges _____.
away from the body
never carry an axe on your _____
shoulder
pike poles and hooks are carried 2 ways
1)pointing down outside of a structure
2)pointing up when inside of a structure to
facilitate prompt use
never carry running power tools _____.
more than 10’
7 inspection/maintenance checks for wooden handles
1)blisters, cracks, splintering
2)sand if splintering
3)check tool head for tightness
4)wash with mild detergent, rinse, wipe dry
5)apply a coat of boiled linseed oil if
necessary to preserve the handle
6)only paint a small portion for ID purposes
only
7)do not varnish
3 inspection/maintenance checks for
fiberglass handles
wash with mild detergent, rinse, wipe dry
check for cracks or damage
check tool head for tightness
4 inspection/maintenance checks for
cutting edges
1)chips, cracks, spurs
2)file by hand not by grinding for proper
angle and sharpness
3)sharpen as specified in SOGs
4)replace when required
some axe blades are left _____ to make
them _____.
only semi-sharp
less prone to chipping
plated surfaces are those that are _____
protected by chromium or other metal
applied by an electroplating process
4 inspection/maintenance checks for
unprotected metal surfaces
1) chips, cracks, sharp edges
2) keep free of rust
3) light machine oil surface
4) do not paint
methyl chloroform might _____ if present
in a product used to oil metal surfaces.
damage and weaken handles
2 reasons you never paint axe heads
hides defaults in the metal
causes the cutting surface to stick and bind
8 power equipment inspection and
maintenance checks
1)follow manufacturer’s instructions
2)inspect and ensure they will start
3)check blades for damage or wear
4)replace blades if necessary
5)check electrical cords and components
for damage
6)ensure all guards are functional/in place
7)ensure fuel is fresh
8)ensure battery packs are fully charged
4 functionalities for door openings
swinging (inward,outward,both)
sliding
revolving
overhead
