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Keith's Cards > IFSTA(5th)-Chapter 7 > Flashcards

IFSTA(5th)-Chapter 7 Flashcards

0
Q

In the IFSTA, ______ refers to all knots/hitches/loops/and bends used in the fire service.

A

knot

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1
Q

5 applications for rope

A 
access/egress
rescue/self-rescue
hoisting tools
stabilization
cordoning off
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2
Q

3 FF1 rope skills required under NFPA 1001

A

Hoist tools/equipment with proper knot.
how to select proper rope for a specific task.
how to maintain the various types of rope.

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3
Q

2 FF2 rope skills required by NFPA 1001

A

rescue victims from automobile crashes.

assist technical rescue teams.

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4
Q

Life-Safety Rope

A

rope that meets NFPA 1983 and is dedicated solely for supporting people during emergency operations/training.

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5
Q

Utility Rope

A

rope used in any situation except life-safety applications

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6
Q

NFPA 1983

A

Std. on Life-Safety Rope and Equipment for Emergency Services

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7
Q

Block creel construction

A

without knots or splices

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8
Q

Rope suitable for life-safety must use _____ .

A

continuous filament virgin fiber for load-bearing elements

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9
Q

5 criteria for life-safety rope to be re-used

A 
no visible damage.
no exposure to high heat/direct flame.
rope has not been impact loaded.
no exposure to corrosive materials.
rope must pass inspection by a qualified person before and after each use.
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10
Q

“Destroy”

A

to alter a rope in such a manner that it cannot be mistaken for a life-safety rope.

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11
Q

2 reasons when Rope should be “destroyed”

A

fails to pass inspection

it has been impact loaded

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12
Q

Impact Loading is AKA

A

shock loading

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13
Q

Natural Fiber Rope

A

consists of cotton or hemp(Manila or sisal) and is only used for utility purposes.

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14
Q

4 qualities to synthetic fiber rope

A

continuous fibers running the entire length of the rope.
excellent resistance to rotting and mildew.
excellent strength.
easy to maintain.

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15
Q

8 types of rope fiber

A 
nylon
polyester
polypropylene
polyethylene
Kevlar aramid
H. Spectra polyethylene
manila
cotton
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16
Q

which rope fibers float?

A

polypropylene
polyethylene
H. Spectra polyethylene

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17
Q

Which rope fibers are stronger when wet?

A

manila(15% stronger)

cotton(15% stronger)

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18
Q

Which fiber is best for elongation at break and impact loading?

A

nylon-elongates 20-34%

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19
Q

Which rope fibers weaken when wet?

A 
nylon(weakens 15%)
Kevlar aramid(weakens 10%)
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20
Q

Which 3 ropes do not melt?

A

manila
cotton
kevlar aramid

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21
Q

Natural Fiber ropes need to be stored ______ due to susceptibility to ________ .

A

dry

rotting and mildew

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22
Q

if ropes melt, at what temp. would the first fibers start to melt?

A

275 degrees F
(H. Spectra Polyethylene)
(Polyethylene)

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23
Q

Rope melting points

A

nylon=480 degrees F
polyester=500 degrees F
polypropylene=330 degrees F

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24
Q

For the 3 ropes that do not melt, they char at what temp?

A

manila=350 degrees F
cotton=300 degrees F
kevlar aramid=800 degrees F

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25
Q

List the order of best abrasion resistance for rope fibers

A 
1-h. spectra polyethylene
2-polyester
3-nylon
4-manila
5-kevlar aramid
6-polyethylene
7-polypropylene
8-cotton
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26
Q

which 2 ropes are the least resistant to sunlight?

A

polypropylene

polyethylene

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27
Q

polyester has poor resistance to ______ .

A

alkalis

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28
Q

5 things that are measured to check a ropes resistant qualities

A 
acids
alkalis
gas/oils
rot
sunlight
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29
Q

which 3 ropes have “good” conductivity resistance?

A

polyester
polypropylene
polyethylene

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30
Q

Dynamic Rope

A

high stretch rope used when long falls are a possibility designed to stretch without breaking.

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31
Q

Static Ropes

A

low stretch rope that must not elongate more than 10% when tested under a load = to 10% of its breaking strength according to NFPA 1983

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32
Q

3 categories of life-safety rope

A

general use
light use
throw line

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33
Q

Light-Use Rope

A 
3/8" to < 1/2" (9.5mm to < 12.5mm)
intended to support one person
minimum breaking strength of 4500#
maximum safe working load = 300#
15:1 safety factor
34
Q

General-Use Rope

A 
7/16" up to 5/8" (11-16mm)
intended to support 2 people
minimum breaking strength of 9000#
maximum safe working load = 600#
15:1 safety factor
35
Q

Throw Line

A

19/64” to < 3/8” (7 to < 9.5mm)
minimum breaking strength of 3000#
maximum safe working load = 200#
15:1 safety factor

36
Q

Throw Lines are used to ______ and to ______ .

A

tether rescuers together during a water rescue.

throw to a victim in the water.

37
Q

Escape Rope

A

same dimensions and requirements as a throw line but is intended to be used only 1 time and then destroyed.

38
Q

4 common types of rope construction

A 
kernmantle
laid
braided
braid-on-braid
(all are block creel construction)
39
Q

Kernmantle Rope

A

rope that consists of a protective sheath (mantle) over the load-bearing core strands (kern).
75% of strength in kern
25% of strength in mantle
most often used as a life-safety rope.

40
Q

Laid Rope

A

rope constructed by twisting groups of individual strands together.
typical of natural fiber ropes.
almost exclusively utility ropes.

41
Q

Braided Rope

A

mostly synthetic
uniformly intertwining strands of rope together.
reduces the twisting common to laid ropes.
mostly used as a utility rope.

42
Q

Braid-on-Braid Rope

A 
constructed with a braided core and a braided sheath.
herringbone pattern.
Very strong.
50% strength in core
50% strength in sheath
most often used as utility rope.
43
Q

unused rope should be inspected at least ______ .

A

annually

44
Q

Inspect rope after _____ .

A

each use

45
Q

Rope should be inspected ______ (2 ways).

A

visually and by touch

46
Q

How to inspect a kernmantle rope

A

put slight tension on the rope and feel for abrasions, imbedded objects, lumps, depressions, or soft spots. at the same time visually check the sheath for discoloration, irregularities in shape or weave, and excessive fuzziness.

47
Q

To inspect laid rope, ______ for flaws such as ______, for areas of excessive ______, and for dirt or grease.

A

untwist and check internally
soft, crusty, brittle spots/cuts/nicks/abrasions/and chemical damage
stretching

48
Q

Rope Log

A

a record of the life of a rope that includes every inspection and use.

49
Q

Braided Rope inspection

A 
look for sears
cuts
nicks
abrasions
deformities
mushy spots
50
Q

Braid-on-Braid Rope Inspection

A 
check for sears
nicks
cuts
abrasions
sheath sliding on the core
lumps
51
Q

3 principal ways to clean synthetic rope

A

hand wash
front loading washing machine
special rope washing device

52
Q

front loading washers with _____ windows should not be used to wash rope.

A

plastic

53
Q

webbing

A

nylon material used for anchors, lashings, patient packaging, and harnesses.

54
Q

2 kinds of webbing construction

A

flat

tubular

55
Q

tubular webbing has 2 possible weaves

A

spiral

chain

56
Q

Spiral weave is ______ and more resistant to ______ than the chain weave.

A

stronger

abrasion

57
Q

Running End

A

rope part used for hoisting, pulling, belaying.

58
Q

Working End

A

rope part that is used in forming the knot.

59
Q

Working End aka _____ and _____ .

A

Bitter end

Loose end

60
Q

Standing Part

A

rope part between working end and running end

61
Q

Elements of a Knot

A

easy to tie/untie.
secure under load.
reduce rope’s strength as little as possible.

62
Q

the tighter the bends in a knot, the ______ the rope’s strength.

A

more it reduces

63
Q

Bight

A

rope bent back on itself 180 degrees

64
Q

loop

A

360 degree loop of the rope

65
Q

round turn

A

540 degrees of rope (1.5 loops) that has both ends of the rope running the same direction

66
Q

Safety knots purpose

A

to prevent the tail of the working end from slipping back through the knot causing the knot to fail

67
Q

Bowline

A

27-33% efficiency loss.
used to form a loop that will not constrict.
able to equalize.
not for life-safety.

68
Q

half-hitch

A

always used in conjunction with another knot.
can be used as a safety if you use 2 consecutively.
good for hoisting long objects.

69
Q

clove hitch

A

used to tie rope/webbing around round objects.

not used in life-safety.

70
Q

Figure 8 on a bight

A

20% efficiency loss
closed loop either mid-line or at the end of the rope.
used for anchoring/securing.

71
Q

figure 8 bend

A

19% efficiency loss

used to join ropes of equal diameter.

72
Q

Figure 8 follow-thru

A

20% efficiency loss

used to form an anchor around an object.

73
Q

Figure 8 stopper is used to _____ .

A

prevent the end of the rope from slipping through an opening.

74
Q

Becket Bend

A

used to join a rope and a chain or 2 ropes of unequal diameter.
not for life safety.

75
Q

Water Knot

A

36% efficiency loss

used to join 2 pieces of webbing

76
Q

5 Rope Hardware devices

A 
carabiners
8-plates
brake bar racks
ascenders
pulleys
77
Q

8 hoisting safety precautions

A 
have solid footing/make necessary preparations.
use hand-over-hand method
use edge protection
work in teams
ensure all personnel are clear of hoisting area
avoid hoisting near electrical hazards
secure nozzles in closed position
use guide/tag line
78
Q

Ladder Belts

A

used for positioning or emergency escape only

79
Q

Class 1 Harness

A

Up to 300#

used for emergency escape

80
Q

Class 2 Harness

A

up to 600#

looks exactly like a Class 1 harness

81
Q

Class 3 Harness

A

full-body
up to 600#
used in case of inversion

82
Q

3 reasons why synthetic rope is preferred for life-safety

A

high strength
resistant to rotting
easy to maintain

83
Q

2 types of life-safety rope

A

static

dynamic

Keith's Cards (37 decks)

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