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Keith's Cards > IFSTA(5th)-Chapter 8 > Flashcards

IFSTA(5th)-Chapter 8 Flashcards

1
Q

extrication is

A

removal/treatment of patients trapped by

some type of machinery/equipment.

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2
Q

according to IFSTA, rescue covers all
incidents that require patient removal
other than _____ .

A

extrication

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3
Q

rescue vs recovery

A

live person vs. dead or presumed dead

person

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4
Q

according NFPA 1001, FFI are required to
know how to conduct _____ and setting up
_____ such as at highway incidents.

A

search and rescue ops in a structure.

safe working areas.

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5
Q

9 Size up factors to look for at

structure fires are _____ .

A 
time of day
wind, rain
what is burning?
how much is burning?
life safety for victims and FF
exposures
building construction
hazmat
resources available
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6
Q

life line

A

tag line used by FF during search and rescue

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7
Q

Do not enter a building fire if the conditions

that would appear to _____ viable victims.

A

preclude

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8
Q

Do not enter building fire if _____ are

apparent until _____ is accomplished.

A

backdraft conditions

vertical ventilation

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9
Q

15 structure fire search safety guidelines

A 
monitor fire/building conditions
use accountability system
know secondary egress
use life line
teams of 2 or more
search systematically
stay low, crawl 
check doors for excessive heat before
opening
mark entry doors
maintain contact with wall/hoseline/etc.
have a charged hoseline if on the fire floor
maintain radio contact
coordinate with ventilation teams
close doors of searched rooms
report progress
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10
Q

FF should _____ that all occupants are out

of the building until the building is searched.

A

not assume

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11
Q

if possible, conduct _____ simultaneously

with initial fire attack.

A

primary interior search

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12
Q

2 objectives to a building search

A

life safety

location/extent of fire

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13
Q

primary search is a _____.

A

rapid/thorough search that is performed
before/or during fire suppression and must
be performed asap.

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14
Q

secondary search is _____.

A

conducted after fire is “under control”.
it is slower and more thorough should be
conducted by different personnel from the
primary search.

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15
Q

4 primary search priorities

A

1) most severely threatened
2) largest amounts of people
3) remainder of hazard zone
4 exposures

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16
Q

In an IDLH, you must remain in _____ contact.

A

visual, voice, and physical

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17
Q

if you cannot see your feet due to smoke,

you _____ .

A

should not be standing upright

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18
Q

If descending stairs during a search,

descend _____ .

A

feet first

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19
Q

If searching on the fire floor, where should

u start your search?

A

as close to the fire as possible.

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20
Q

if searching, remember to check _____, under _____, and _____ doors.

A

ALL areas
windows
behind

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21
Q

search the _____ of the room first and then

the _____ of the room.

A

perimeter

middle

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22
Q

Search Line System consists of _____ with

_____ tied in to the rope every _____ .

A

a 200’ 3/8”rope with a Kevlar sheath.
2” steel rings
20’

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23
Q

In the search line system, knots are tied
_____. the # of knots _____ the # of
rings that you have traveled.

A

after every ring.

matches

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24
Q

knots are always tied _____ so that you

will know the _____ .

A

after each ring

direction of travel

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25
Q

the rings in the search line system can be

used for _____ to the system.

A

lateral tethers

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26
Q

lateral tethers are _____ in length, have
_____ at the midpoint, a _____ tied to an
end, and have a _____ at the other end.

A

20’
knot
steel ring
carabiner

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27
Q

Who carries a search line system?

A

every member of the search team

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28
Q

If using a 3 man team for searching, the
1st man is the “_____”, the 2nd man is the
“_____”, and the 3rd maintains ______.

A

lead
navigator
communications

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29
Q

the “navigator” carries the _____.

A

handlight and/or TIC

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30
Q

In a Search Line System, the rope is _____
outside the search area with a ______ on it.
The rope bag is carried by the _____ ;
therefore, follow the rings to the _____.

A

anchored
company identifier
lead
exit

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31
Q

each search member has a _____ and a

_____ wrapped around their wrist.

A

forcible entry tool

lateral tether

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32
Q

During secondary searches, if a CO reading
is at least _____ than FF must continue to
wear _____.

A

50ppm

SCBA

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33
Q

the 3 highest priority search floors in a

multi-story building are _____ .

A

the fire floor
floor above the fire
the highest floor

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34
Q

do not block _____ and _____ during search.

A

access/egress points

passageways

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35
Q

/ means the room is _____ .

A

being searched

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36
Q

X means the room has been _____.

A

searched

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37
Q

marking rooms for searching should be

done on _____.

A

the lower third of the door.

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38
Q

Continually feel the _____ in front of you
with your hands/tools to make sure it is
_____ and their are no _____.

A

floor
intact
openings

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39
Q

when opening doors stay _____ and _____
while opening the doors _____. Remain on
the _____ side of outward opening doors.

A

low
outside
slowly
hinge

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40
Q 
when declaring a Mayday, communicate 
your \_\_\_\_\_ (6 things).
A 
Assignment
Name
Approximate location
Reason for Mayday
Resources that would help you
Air supply
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41
Q

Male couplings have _____ on their shanks.

A

lugs

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42
Q

Female couplings have lugs on their _____.

A

swivels

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43
Q

if possible, when opening inward opening
doors, use a _____ so that u can close the
door quickly.

A

strap

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44
Q

any fire beyond the incipient phase is an
_____ atmosphere and a _____ must be
standing by per _____.

A

IDLH
RIC or RIT
29 CFR 1910.134

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45
Q

RIC or RIT is _____ and this is their _____.

A

2 or more fully equipped FF standing by
just outside the hazard zone as the
designated team to rescue downed FF.
only purpose

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46
Q

Suitably equipped means _____.

A

FFs equipped with at least the same PPEs

and equipment as the interior FF crews.

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47
Q

Can their be multiple RIT teams?

A

yes, because there may be multiple FF

teams performing interior FF ops.

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48
Q

Buddy breathing _____ recommended

A

is not

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49
Q

when you first get to a downed FF, you

should _____. Then perform a rapid _____.

A

check his air supply

medical evaluation

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50
Q

Radio transceivers can be used to find FF.
They transmit on _____ frequency and
have a range of about _____.

A

457khz

100’

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51
Q

Under realistic scenarios it often takes
_____ FF and _____ minutes to rescue a
downed FF.

A

12

20

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52
Q

3 drags for patient removal

A

incline
blanket
webbing

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53
Q

5 carries for patient removal

A 
cradle in arms
seat lift carry
extremities lift carry
chair carry
3 person lift carry(bed to gurney)
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54
Q

Inverter

A

a step-up transformer that converts a 12
or 24 V DC current into 110 or 220 V AC
current.

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55
Q

2 advantages of an inverter

2 disadvantages of an inverter

A

fuel efficiency and low noise

limited power and limited mobility

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56
Q

Generators can be ______ or ______.

A

portable

vehicle mounted

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57
Q

Portable Generators are the most common

and normally have _____ capacity

A

110 or 220V

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58
Q

Vehicle mounted generators have _____
but also are normally ______ and create
______.

A

more power
louder
exhaust

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59
Q

2 categories of lighting

A

portable

fixed

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60
Q

portable lighting range from _____ watts.

A

300-1000

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61
Q

fixed lights are _____ to the vehicle and

have a capacity ranging from _____ watts.

A

mounted

500-1500 per light

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62
Q

4 requirements for electric cables

A

waterproof
intrinsically safe
adequately insulated
no exposed wires

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63
Q

Junction boxes have _____ with _____

input source.

A

multiple outlets

1

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64
Q

NFPA 70E

A

Std. for Electrical Safety in the Workplace

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65
Q

All outlets should be equipped with _____

and meet NFPA _____.

A

ground fault circuit interrupters

70E

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66
Q

Electrical adapters are used to _____.

A

connect various devices to various

outlets/devices

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67
Q

If fuel in a tank is _____ than it should be

drained and replaced.

A

more than 3 weeks old (unless there is a

fuel stabilizer)

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68
Q

Arc

A

luminous discharge of electricity across

a gap

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69
Q

4 basic types of hydraulic tools

A

spreaders
shears/cutters
combination spreaders/cutters
rams

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70
Q

If a hydraulic power unit fails, use the _____.

A

manually operated hydraulic pump

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71
Q

Spreaders can be spread up to _____. With

the use of _____they can be used to _____.

A

32”
chains
push or pull

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72
Q

Shears can be opened up to _____.

A

7”

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73
Q

Combination spreaders/shears typically

provide less _____ and smaller ______.

A

power/capabilities

opening ranges

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74
Q

Rams can be used to _____ as well as push.

A

pull

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75
Q

When used to close, a RAM provides only

_____ the opening force.

A

about 1/2

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76
Q

porta-power system

A

uses a manually operated hydraulic pump
and a high pressure hose to connect to
various accessory tools.

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77
Q

4 disadvantages of manually operated

hydraulic pumps

A

lower power
slower
limited range
labor intensive

78
Q

primary advantage of the porta-power

primary disadvantage is _____.

A

can be operated in narrow places

time consuming and assembly of complex combos of accessories.

79
Q

Remember to put a _____ under a

hydraulic jack.

A

solid base plate

80
Q

You might have to use ______ to create a

solid footing for a hydraulic jack.

A

cribbing

81
Q

3 types of mechanical jacks

A

bar screw jack
trench screw jack
ratchet-lever jack

82
Q

ratchet-lever jacks are aka _____.

A

high jacks

83
Q

Never work under a load only supported

_____.

A

by a jack

84
Q

Primary use of a bar screw jack

A

to hold an object in place

85
Q

Trench screw jacks are used as _____ in
trenches and have _____ on each end and
an _____.

A

cross braces
swivel plates
adjusting handle

86
Q

shoring

A

use of timber, jacks, struts, or other devices to temporarily support or hold forms, structural components, or sheeting against trench walls.

87
Q

ratchet jacks consist of a _____ with _____

and a ____ with 2 ratchets on the _____.

A

rigid I-beam
holes
jacking carriage
geared side

88
Q

in ratchet jacks, one ratchet _____ and the

other _____.

A

holds the carriage

moves the carriage up or down

89
Q

Ratchet jacks are the least _____ of jacks.

A

stable

90
Q

Cribbing is

A

varying lengths of hardwood used to

stabilize. wedges are included too.

91
Q

3 Cribbing characteristics

A

solid
straight
free from knots or splits

92
Q

Cribbing dimensions run from _____

A

2”x4”-6”x6” and up to 36” in length

93
Q

Cribbing should not be _____ except on

ends if used for ID.

A

painted

94
Q

Plastic cribbing _____ than wood cribbing

and is resistant to _____ and _____.

A

lasts many times longer
chemicals
splintering

95
Q

Pneumatic tools used _____ for power.

A

compressed air

96
Q

Never used compressed _____ with

pneumatic tools.

A

O2

97
Q

6 pneumatic tools

A 
air chisel
pneumatic nail gun
impact wrenches
air knife
air vacuum
whizzer saw
98
Q

air chisels operate between _____ psi.

A

90-250

99
Q

air chisels use _____ and are good for

cutting _____ and for _____.

A

interchangeable bits
medium to heavy gauge sheet metal
popping rivets and bolts

100
Q

impact wrenches are better for _____ of

machinery

A

disassembly

101
Q

air knives are used to _____. when
operated at _____ psi they produce air
with a velocity close to _____ at the nozzle.

A

blast away surface dirt and create holes.
90-100
mach 2

102
Q

air knives are also useful because they do

not _____ or _____ underground pipes.

A

cut cables

damage

103
Q

air vacuums operate on _____ pressure
than air knives. they are used to pick up
loose soil around _____.

A

less

patients

104
Q

whizzer saws are used for _____ operations. they weigh about _____ and are good for cutting _____ and _____.

A

fine cutting
2#
case hardened locks
steel stock up to 3/4”

105
Q

whizzer saws use _____ blades and operate at around _____ psi.

A

carborundum

90

106
Q

Lifting/Pulling tools include

A 
tripods
winches
come-alongs
chains
air bags
block and tackle systems
107
Q

3 common drives for winches

A

electric
hydraulic
power take-off

108
Q

Never use winches for _____ .

A

live person loads

109
Q

If possible, you should be how far away

from the winch?

A

the length of cable from the winch to the load

110
Q

Try to position the winch _____ to the load.

A

as close as possible

111
Q

come-alongs are _____ that are operated

by _____.

A

portable cable winches

manual ratchets

112
Q

come-alongs range from _____ tons.

A

1-10

113
Q

which chain is not used for rescue work?

A

proof coil chain,

aka hardware chain or common chain.

114
Q

3 types of lifting bags

A

low-pressure
medium-pressure
high-pressure

115
Q

high-pressure air bags can range from
_____ in dimensions and can lift up to
_____.

A

6”x6” to 36”x36”

20”

116
Q

low and medium-pressure air bags are
_____ than high pressure air bags and have
much ______ lifting distances. they can lift
up to ______.

A

much larger
larger
6’

117
Q

14 safety rules for air bags

A 
plan lift before starting
be familiar with equipment
follow manufacturer's recommendations
keep components in good condition
have adequate air supply/cribbing
position bags on solid surface
protect bags from sharp objects
inflate slowly and continuously monitor
never work under load supported ONLY
by air bags.
lift an ", crib an "
solid top layer if box cribbing supports bag
keep heat away from bags (up to 220F)
do not stack more than 2 bags
stack with smaller bag on top
118
Q

if placing a material between air bag and

load, use only _____.

A

pliable material such as a salvage cover

119
Q

multi-cell lifting units are safer than _____ .

A

stacking single air bags

120
Q

Block and Tackle refers to _____.

A

a series of pulleys contained within wood
or metal frames used with rope to provide
mechanical advantage.

121
Q

“block” refers to the _____.

“tackle” refers to the _____.

A

pulleys

assembly of ropes

122
Q

pulleys are AKA _____.

A

sheaves

123
Q

Most common FD rescue is ______.

A

vehicle extrication

124
Q

9 things to consider when approaching automobile accidents.

A 
traffic hazards
utility hazards
fire hazard
hazardous materials
# of vehicles
type of vehicles
position of vehicles
how many victims?
do i need additional resources?
125
Q

triage

A

sorting and classifying patients in medical

treatment priority

126
Q

goal of stabilization is to _____.

A

prevent unwanted movement

127
Q

stabilization tools include _____.

A 
chocks
struts
jacks
winches
cribbing
air bags
wedges
ropes, chains, webbing
128
Q

chock

A

wooden, plastic, rubber, or metal block
constructed to fit the curvature of the tire
used to prevent rolling.

129
Q

When using air bags, you must use _____

as a supplement.

A

cribbing

130
Q

lift an _____, crib an _____.

A

inch

inch

131
Q

Do not cut any ______ cables.

A

orange

132
Q

Before disconnecting/shutting down

power to car, ______.

A

lower windows, move seats, unlock doors

as needed.

133
Q

Turn off _____, remove ______, and ______

when at automobile accidents.

A

ignition
key
set parking brake

134
Q

When disconnecting the battery, cut the
_____ cable first, then the ______. Cut out
atleast a ______ section of each cable.

A

negative
positive
2”

135
Q

Try before you _____.

A

pry

136
Q

In automobiles, gain access to a patient via _____, ______, and then by _____.

A

opening doors
opening windows
cutting away parts of the vehicle

137
Q

Reserve energy can maintain sufficient
voltage to deploy air bags up to ______
minutes after battery disconnection.

A

30

138
Q

SIPS

A

side impact protection system

139
Q

SRS

A

supplemental restraint system

140
Q

Air bags can deploy at speeds up to _____.

A

200mph

141
Q

Restraint systems can be operated _____.

A

both electrically and mechanically

142
Q

During vehicle extrication, the vehicle is

______ and not the reverse.

A

removed from around the patient

143
Q

patient packaging involves _____.(3 things)

A

bandaging wounds
applying splints
patient immobilization

144
Q

laminated safety glass

A

consists of 2 sheets of glass that are
laminated to a sheet of plastic between
them under high temperature and pressure

145
Q

laminated safety glass is normally found

in _____.

A

windshields

146
Q

tempered glass

A

glass specially treated so that it is harder
to break than plate glass or a single sheet
of laminated glass.

147
Q

tempered glass is most commonly used

in _____.

A

side windows and some rear windows

148
Q

tempered glass is designed to break into

______

A

many small pieces

149
Q

You want to _____ laminated glass to remove it.

A

cut away

150
Q

use a ______ or a _____to remove tempered glass.

A

center punch

sharp pointy object

151
Q

Windshield should be removed by first,

______ and then the ______.

A

cutting the sides

bottom of the windshield

152
Q

To control broken tempered glass, you can

use _____ or _____.

A

duct tape

spray on adhesives

153
Q

For 2 door cars, there is no _____ post.

A

B

154
Q

unibody construction

A

where the frame and body of a vehicle is

all one integral unit.

155
Q

When the roof is removed from a unibody

construction vehicle, a _____ should be placed to support the middle of the car.

A

step block or cribbing

156
Q

Displacing a dashboard can be done by

______ only _____.

A

removing

1 door

157
Q

NFPA 1670

A

Std. on Ops and Training for Tech. Search

and Rescue Incidents. (Team)

158
Q

“Technical Rescue” is _____.

A

the application of special knowledge, skills,
and equipment to safely resolve unique
and/or complex rescue situations.

159
Q

Structures may collapse due to at least

5 things.

A 
damage due to fire
damage due to weather(wind, rain, snow, etc.)
earthquakes and tsunamis
explosion
faulty engineering and design
160
Q

Structures collapse in ______ patterns.

A

predictable

161
Q

5 recognized patterns of structural collapse

A 
A-frame
Cantilever
Lean-to
Pancake
V-shape
162
Q

Pancake collapse are caused by the _____

and is the least likely to contain _____.

A

simultaneous failure of exterior walls

voids

163
Q 
V-shaped collapses occur when the 
outer \_\_\_\_\_ remain \_\_\_\_\_ and the 
\_\_\_\_\_ fail in the \_\_\_\_\_. This pattern 
offers a good chance of  \_\_\_\_\_ 
spaces being created along \_\_\_\_\_.
A 
walls
intact
upper floors and/or roof structure
middle
habitable void
both outer walls
164
Q

Lean-to collapses are when _____ while
the _____ remains _____. This will create a
_____ that may contain ______.

A 
one outer wall fails
opposite wall
intact
large triangular void space
trapped victims
165
Q

A-frame collapses occur when _____ into
what might seem as opposing _____.
This pattern has a good chance of void
spaces _____.

A

the floor and/or roof assemblies on both sides of center wall collapse into
lean-to collapses.
on both sides of the center wall

166
Q

An A-frame collapse produces ______ in

______ along a _____.

A

voids
2 separate spaces
common wall

167
Q

Cantilever collapse is when _____ of a
multi-story building collapse but leave
the _____ and _____ by the remaining ____.
This collapse is the _____ and is the most
vulnerable to _____.

A 
one or more walls 
floors attached
supported
walls
least stable
secondary collapse
168
Q

secondary collapse

A

a collapse that occurs after the initial collapse

169
Q

if searching for victims in a structural

collapse you will concentrate on the _____

A

areas most likely to contain victims

habitable voids spaces

170
Q

6 most common means of locating victims

in a structural collapse

A 
hailing: calling out to them
TICs
electronically enhanced listening devices
short-distance radar or seismic devices
hand-held or robotic search cameras
search dogs
171
Q

seismic devices detect _____ produced

by _____.

A

minute vibrations

victim movement

172
Q

calling out to victims is good when used
in conjuction with a ______ and the
presence of _____.

A

physical search

search dogs

173
Q

11 structural collapse hazards

A 
unstable, sharp, jagged debris
exposed re-bar
electrical hazards (exposed wiring)
damaged utilities (gas,water,electric)
hazmat
hazardous atmospheres
fire
darkness
confined spaces
heights
weather issues (temps, rain, wind, snow)
174
Q

shoring is the ____

A

variety of means by which unstable
structures or parts of structures can be
stabilized

175
Q

shoring is also the _____. It is not intended to

_____ but just to _____.

A 
process of preventing the sudden
movement of objects that are too large
to be moved in a timely manner.
move the heavy objects
stabilize them
176
Q

7 Tools for Structural Collapse and Shoring

A 
air bags and air cart
amkus tools
cribbing (wedges, blocks, step)
jacks
lumber and plywood
pneumatic hand tools
struts (pneumatic or mechanical)
177
Q

Trench rescue’s 1st major decision is to

determine if it is a ______ or a _______.

A

rescue

recovery

178
Q

The 1st goal of Trench Rescue is to create
_____ to _____. It can be done with _____,
_____, _____, and _____.

A 
a safe zone 
protect rescuers and victims
plywood sheeting
planks
lumber
struts
179
Q

Ladders should be placed _____ within a
trench and they should extend _____ above
the top of the trench.

A

at both ends of the safe zone

at least 3’

180
Q

4 minimum safety requirements for Trench Rescue

A

cordon off a 100’ area around the trench
ladders on both sides of the safe zone
eliminate sources of vibration within 500’
stay away from the lips of the trench

181
Q

if responding to an incident involving
electrical lines or equipment you must
assume _____

A

that all lines or equipment are energized

182
Q

4 things to do for electrical incidents

A

1) assume all lines and equip. r energized
2) secure the scene and deny entry
3) call for power company to respond
4) allow only power company to cut lines

183
Q

ground gradient is the _____ as it spreads

across the ground.

A

loss of voltage in the electrical current

184
Q

distance to stay away from a downed

electrical line

A

the span distance between poles

185
Q

if tingling in your feet as you approach a

downed power line, then u _____ and ____.

A

put your feet together and hop away from the line

186
Q

4 water rescue methods

A

reach
throw
row(boat ops)
go

187
Q

unless there is a medical or fire emergency

than _____ should be called to assist _____

A

elevator mechanics

people trapped in elevators

188
Q

escalators have _____ located _____ or

_____ or _____.

A

manual stop switches
nearby both ends
at the base of the escalator
near where the handrail goes into the newel base.

189
Q

primary search teams should carry these

4 pieces of equipment at the minimum

A

radios
lights
forcible entry tools
TIC

190
Q

pneumatic nailers use compressed air to
drive nails into _____ or _____. they are
useful in creating _____ systems.

A

wood
masonry
shoring

Keith's Cards (37 decks)

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