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MS 3 > Hyperthyroidism and Hypothyroidism > Flashcards

Hyperthyroidism and Hypothyroidism Flashcards

1
Q

What is another name for Hyperthyroidism?

A

Grave’s Disease

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2
Q

What are the different causes of Hyperthyroidism?

A
  1. Autoimmune disorder
  2. Tumor
  3. Inflammed Thyroid
  4. Gender (more common in women)
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3
Q

What occurs when there is fast consumption of glucose in the body?

A

Weight loss

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4
Q

What occurs when there is increased heat production due to increased metabolism?

A
  1. Heat intolerance
    2 Increased perspiration
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5
Q

What occurs when there is increased ATP due to increased metabolism?

A
  1. increased vital signs
  2. palpitations
  3. alert/irritable
  4. hair growth
  5. polyuria
  6. diarrhea
  7. exophthalmia
  8. heavy menstrual bleeding
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6
Q

What type of diet is given to patients with hyperthyroidism?

A

High caloric diet

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7
Q

How do you manage exophthalmia?

A
  1. Eye patch
  2. Eye drops
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8
Q

What are the different antithyroid medications?

A
  1. Propylthiouracil
  2. Lugol’s Solution
  3. Methimazole
  4. Propanolol
  5. Radioactive Iodine
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9
Q

What is the function of propylthiouracil?

A

blocks T3 and T4 formation

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10
Q

What is another name for Lugol’s Solution?

A

Strong Solution of Potassium Iodine (SSKI)

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11
Q

What is the function of Lugol’s Solution?

A

Reduces blood flow to the thyroid, administered after thyroidectomy to prevent bleeding

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12
Q

What is the function of Methimazole?

A

blocks T3 and T4

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13
Q

What is another name for Methimazole?

A

Tapazole

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14
Q

What is the function of Propanolol?

A

Beta blocker to treat cardiac symptoms of hyperthyroidism

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15
Q

What is the function of Radioactive Iodine?

A

kills cells of Thyroid Gland

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16
Q

How long should you be exposed to a patient with radioactive iodine?

A

maximum 30 minutes

17
Q

What are the precautions regarding the toilet for patients with radioactive iodine?

A
  1. Flush 2-3 times
  2. Clean the toilet with bleach
18
Q

What should be done with the soiled linens of a patient with radioactive iodine?

A

isolated

19
Q

How long should a patient treated with radioactive iodine be isolated for?

A

48 hours

20
Q

What are pre-op reminders for a thyroidectomy?

A

Ask for a shellfish/iodine allergy

21
Q

What are post-op interventions for thyroidectomy?

A
  1. Sandbags at the sides of the head to prevent movement
  2. Small pillows under head for Semi-fowler’s
22
Q

What are things to WOF after thyroidectomy?

A
  1. hypocalcemia
  2. Respiratory distress/laryngeal edema
  3. Thyroid storm
23
Q

What are the signs of hypocalcemia?

A

Chvostek’s sign and Trosseau’s sign

24
Q

How do you treat hypocalcemia?

A

Calcium Gluconate

25
Q

How do you treat respiratory distress/laryngeal edema?

A

Emergency tracheostomy

26
Q

What are the manifestations of thyroid storm?

A
  1. Increased T3 and T4
  2. Heart arrythmias
  3. Death
27
Q

What is another name for Hypothyroidism?

A

Hashimoto’s Disease

28
Q

What is the difference between Hyper and Hypothyroidism in terms of TSH?

A

It can either be increased or decreased in hypothyroidism

29
Q

What is the indication if TSH is high in hypothyroidism?

A

Thyroid gland has a problem

30
Q

What is the indication if TSH is low in hypothyroidism?

A

Pituitary gland has a problem

31
Q

What is the manifestation if there is low glucose consumption?

A
  1. Weight gain
  2. Increased fats
  3. Increased atherosclerosis
32
Q

What is the manifestation if there is decreased ATP due to decreased metabolism?

A
  1. decreased vital signs
  2. fatigue/weakness
  3. brain fog
  4. amenorrhea
  5. thin hair
  6. oliguria
  7. constipation
33
Q

What is the manifestation if there is decreased heat due to decreased metabolism?

A
  1. Cold intolerance
  2. No perspiration
34
Q

What is the DOC for hypothyroidism?

A

Levothyroxine (T4)

35
Q

When is levothyroxine taken?

A

Before breakfast, same time every day

36
Q

What should you do if you miss a dose of levothyroxine?

A

Skip the dose

MS 3 (22 decks)

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