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MS 3 > Congestive Heart Failure > Flashcards

Congestive Heart Failure Flashcards

1
Q

What is Congestive Heart Failure?

A

The inability of the heart to fill with blood or pump blood

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2
Q

What is another name for CHF?

A

Pump Failure of the Heart

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3
Q

What does Right Sided HF affect in the body?

A

Systemic circulation

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4
Q

What occurs in Right Sided HF?

A

Backflow of blood into SVC and IVC

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5
Q

What are the manifestations of Right Sided HF?

A
  1. Jugular Vein Distention
  2. Anasarca
  3. Hepatomegaly
  4. Splenomegaly
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6
Q

What does Left Sided HF affect in the body?

A

Pulmonary circulation

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7
Q

What occurs in Left Sided HF?

A

Backflow of blood to the lungs

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8
Q

What are the manifestations of Left Sided HF?

A
  1. Pulmonary Congestion
  2. Rhales and crackles
  3. Moist cough
  4. Dyspnea and orthopnea
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9
Q

What does the Left Sided HF cause?

A

Poor cardiac output

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10
Q

What does poor cardiac output affect?

A
  1. Kidneys
  2. Brain
  3. Muscles
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11
Q

PATHOPHYSIO OF RAAS

  1. Low Cardiac Output and Blood Pressure
  2. Kidneys produce Renin
  4. Angiotensin converts to A1
  5. A1 stimulates Lungs to produce Angiotensin Converting Enzyme
  6. ACE converts A1 to A2
  7. A2 increases BP and releases aldosterone
  8. Aldosterone promotes sodium reabsorption and water retention
A

Renin is converted to Angiotensin

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12
Q

PATHOPHYSIO OF RAAS

  1. Low Cardiac Output and Blood Pressure
  2. Kidneys produce Renin
  3. Renin is converted to Angiotensin
  4. Angiotensin converts to A1
  6. ACE converts A1 to A2
  7. A2 increases BP and releases aldosterone
  8. Aldosterone promotes sodium reabsorption and water retention
A

A1 stimulates Lungs to produce Angiotensin Converting Enzyme

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13
Q

PATHOPHYSIO OF RAAS

  1. Low Cardiac Output and Blood Pressure
  2. Kidneys produce Renin
  3. Renin is converted to Angiotensin
  4. Angiotensin converts to A1
  5. A1 stimulates Lungs to produce Angiotensin Converting Enzyme
  6. ACE converts A1 to A2
  7. A2 increases BP and releases aldosterone
    8.
A

Aldosterone promotes sodium reabsorption and water retention

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14
Q

PATHOPHYSIO OF RAAS

  1. Low Cardiac Output and Blood Pressure
  2. Kidneys produce Renin
  3. Renin is converted to Angiotensin
  4. Angiotensin converts to A1
  5. A1 stimulates Lungs to produce Angiotensin Converting Enzyme
  7. A2 increases BP and releases aldosterone
  8. Aldosterone promotes sodium reabsorption and water retention
A

ACE converts A1 to A2

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15
Q

PATHOPHYSIO OF RAAS

  2. Kidneys produce Renin
  3. Renin is converted to Angiotensin
  4. Angiotensin converts to A1
  5. A1 stimulates Lungs to produce Angiotensin Converting Enzyme
  6. ACE converts A1 to A2
  7. A2 increases BP and releases aldosterone
  8. Aldosterone promotes sodium reabsorption and water retention
A

Low Cardiac Output an Blood Pressure

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16
Q

PATHOPHYSIO OF RAAS

  1. Low Cardiac Output and Blood Pressure
  2. Kidneys produce Renin
  3. Renin is converted to Angiotensin
    4.
  4. A1 stimulates Lungs to produce Angiotensin Converting Enzyme
  5. ACE converts A1 to A2
  6. A2 increases BP and releases aldosterone
  7. Aldosterone promotes sodium reabsorption and water retention
A

Angiotensin converts to A1

17
Q

PATHOPHYSIO OF RAAS

  1. Low Cardiac Output and Blood Pressure
  2. Kidneys produce Renin
  3. Renin is converted to Angiotensin
  4. Angiotensin converts to A1
  5. A1 stimulates Lungs to produce Angiotensin Converting Enzyme
  6. ACE converts A1 to A2
  8. Aldosterone promotes sodium reabsorption and water retention
A

A2 increases BP and releases aldosterone

18
Q

What are the manifestations of poor tissue perfusion to the brain?

A
  1. Light headedness
  2. Dizziness
  3. Syncope
19
Q

What are the manifestations of poor tissue perfusion to the muscles?

A
  1. Weakness
  2. Fatigue
20
Q

What is the management of CHF?

A
  1. Promote rest
  2. Position the patient
  3. Diuretics, limit oral fluids, limit sodium
  4. Digoxin/Digitalis
21
Q

How should you position a patient with Right Sided HF?

A

Low Fowler’s to monitor JVD

22
Q

How should you position a patient with Left Sided HF?

A

Upright/sitting to relieve orthopnea

23
Q

What is the inotropic and chonotropic effect of Digoxin?

A
  1. inotropic = strengthens cardiac contractions
  2. chonotropic = regulates heart rate
24
Q

What should the nurse WOF when administering Digoxin?

A
  1. Bradycardia
  2. Hypokalemia
25
Q

What is the normal dosage of Digoxin?

A

0.8 ng/ml to 2.0 ng/ml

26
Q

What are the manifestations of Digoxin toxicity?

A

VANDAG

Visions impaired
Anorexia
Nausea
Diarrhea
Abdominal pain
Green halo visions

MS 3 (22 decks)

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