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Disease, diagnostics and therapeutics > Hormones > Flashcards

Hormones Flashcards

1
Q

steroid hormones

A
  • nuclear or cytoplasmic receptors
  • Binds to DNA
  • TF
  • cause production of new proteins
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2
Q

examples of steroid hormones

A

thyroid hormones, cortisol, testosterone, oestrogen/ progesterone

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3
Q

Peptide hormones

A

cause effect from outside the cell

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4
Q

example of peptide JAK/STAT

A

GH prolactin

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5
Q

example of peptide Gq

A

oxytocin, ADH

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6
Q

example of peptide Gs

A

TSH, ACTH, FSH, LH and ADH

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7
Q

Hypothalamus produces

A

Somatostatin, dopamine and GnRH

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8
Q

somatostatin

A

inhibits secretion of GH, including TSH and insulin

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9
Q

dopamine

A

brain NT which controls movement and involved in regard pathway

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10
Q

GnRH

A

stimulates release of FSH and LH

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11
Q

A. pituitary

A

TSH, FSH, LH, GH and prolactin

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12
Q

TSH

A

stimulates thyroid to release T3 and T4

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13
Q

FSH

A

maturation of follicles

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14
Q

LH

A

ovulation and development of CL

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15
Q

GH

A

stimulates forth, cell generation

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16
Q

Prolactinn

A

milk production

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17
Q

thyroid produces

A

T3, T3, cacitronin

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18
Q

calcitronin

A

controls calcium nd phosphate conc in the blood

-keeps bones strong and helathy

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19
Q

when the hypothalamus senses T3/T4 si low it releases

A

TRH which causes the a.pituitary to release TSH

20
Q

t3

A

regulation of metbaolism- shorter half life and higher metabolic tate
- much lower cones than T4

21
Q

t4

A

higher cones, less active

22
Q

deficiency in iodine leads to

A

decrease in production of T3/T4

23
Q

p.pituitary

A

oxytocin, ADH

24
Q

oxytocin

A

NT in the brain.

plays role in social bonding and sexual reproduction

25
Q

ADH

A

vasopressin

  • increases aquaporins in the principle cells of kidney
  • increasing reabsorption of water
  • increase BP
  • decrease diuriesis
26
Q

pancreas

A

insulin, glucagon

27
Q

insulin

A

B-cell, when glut2 detects decrease in blood glucose

  • increases glucose absorption in muscle, adipose and liver cells
  • reducing blood glucose
28
Q

insulin causes and increase in

A

lipogenesis and glycogenesis

29
Q

glucagon

A

alpha cells

  • secreted when blood glucose is low
  • cause glycolysis and lipolysis to produce glucose and increase blood glucose
  • glucoseneogenesis
30
Q

adrenal medulla

A
  • adrenaline

- noradrenaline

31
Q

adrenaline/noradrenaline

A

adrenocortical hormones

- fight or flight response

32
Q

kidney

A

renin

33
Q

renin

A

response to low BP detected by juxtaglomerular apparatus detecting decrease in BP, decrease in Na+
- overal causes RAS= increase in aldosterone = increase in water retention

34
Q

adrenal cortex

A

cortisol
aldosterone
adrenal androgens

35
Q

cortisol

A

released in response to stress and low blood glucose

- increase blood glucose by glucoseneogenesis and metabolism of fat, protein and carbohydrate

36
Q

aldosteorne

A

increases BP in response to angiotensin 2

37
Q

adrenal androgens

A

steroid hormones that regulate and develop sexual characteristic e.g. testosterone and secondary characteristics

38
Q

Testes

A

testosterone

39
Q

testosterone

A
  • primary able sex hormone
  • secondary sexual characteristics
  • sperm production
40
Q

ovaries/cl

A

oestrogen and progesterone

41
Q

oestrogen

A

primary female sex hormone

  • stops FSH form being produced so not too many follicles are stimulated
  • LH= ovulation
42
Q

progesterone

A

thickens lining of the uterus- implantation

-negative feedback to lh and fsh

43
Q

placenta

A

HCG, progesterone, HPL

44
Q

HCG

A

stimulates CL to continue to produces progesterone

45
Q

progesteorne

A

thickens lining of uterus

46
Q

HPL

A

human placental lactogen

  • a polypeptide placental hormone
  • structure and function is similar to human growth hormone

Disease, diagnostics and therapeutics (53 decks)

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