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Step One R&M > HIV > Flashcards

HIV Flashcards

1
Q

Oval yeast cells within macrophages

A

Histo

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2
Q

Binds to CD4+ T cell

A

gp120

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3
Q

Low-grade fever + hepatsplenomegaly + cough + tongue ulcer

A

Histo

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3
Q
A

Bacillary angiomatosis

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4
Q

3 ways to diagnose AIDS

A
  1. CD4 < 200
  2. CD4 < 14%
  3. AIDS-defining lesion (ex. PCP)
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5
Q

How could one have a slower course of HIV infection?

A

Heterozygous CCR5 mutation

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6
Q

HPV

A

Squamous cell carcinoma of anus (MSM) or cervix

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6
Q

CD4+ < 50

A

MAC

Cryptococcus meningitits

CMV retinitis

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7
Q

When do ELISA and Western blot provide a particularly high false negative rate for HIV?

A

First 1-2 months

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7
Q
A

Possibly non-Hodgkins lymphoma (large cell type) in AIDS patients; EBV

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8
Q

Pneumonia in AIDS patient with ground glass appearance on CXR

A

PCP

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9
Q

Cotton wool spots

A

CMV

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9
Q

Where does non-Hodgkin lymphoma in AIDS patient typically present?

A

Oropharynx

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10
Q

CMV

A

Retinitis

Esophagitis

Interstitial pneumonia

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11
Q

What does HIV bind to on CD4+ T cells?

A

CCR5 early or CXCR4 late + CD4

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12
Q

Fusion

A

gp41

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13
Q

Which structural protein of HIV is cleaved into two fragments?

A

env –> gp120 and gp41

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14
Q

Matrix protein

A

p17

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15
Q

Ring-enhancing abscesses in brain

A

Toxoplasmosis

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16
Q

Function of gp41

A

Fusion and entry

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17
Q

Retinitis

18
Q
A

Toxoplasmosis or primary CNS lymphoma

(multiple ring-enhancing lesions in AIDS patient brain)

19
Q

AIDS patient with superficial vascular proliferation, biopsy shows lymphocytes

A

Kaposi sarcoma (HHV8)

21
Q

What does HIV bind to on macrophages?

A

CCR5 + CD4

23
Q

Function of p24?

A

Caspid protein

24
Q

gag

A

p24 = caspid protein

25
Q

Squamous cell carcinoma in AIDS patient

26
Q

Function of gp120

A

Binds CD4+ T cell

26
Q

Which two cell types does HIV bind?

A

CD4+ T cells and macrophages

27
Q

Lateral tongue plaque

A

Hairy leukoplakia (EBV)

28
Q

EBV

A

Hairy leukoplakia, non-Hodgkin lymphoma (large cell type), Primary CNS lymphoma

29
Q

How could one be immune to HIV?

A

Homozyogus CCR5 mutation (HIV can’t bind macrophage or T cell)

30
Q

Encephalitis

32
Q
A

Kaposi sarcoma (HHV8)

33
Q

Fever, chills, night sweats in an AIDS patient

34
Q

Pleuritic pain with hemoptysis and infiltrates on CXR

A

Invasive Aspergillosis

(remember it likes to invade vessels = hemoptysis)

36
Q

AIDS patient with superficial vascular proliferation, biopsy shows PMNs

A

Bartonella henslae (bacillary angiomatosis)

37
Q

Waldeyer ring

A

Lymphoid tissue in oropharynx; location of non-Hodgkin lymphoma in AIDS patients

38
Q

Demyelination

39
Q

Meningitis

A

Cryptococcus

41
Q
A

Hairy leukoplakia (EBV)

42
Q

How is HIV diagnosed?

A

Presumptive diagnosis with ELISA (high false +; rule out)

Confirmed with Western blot (high false -; rule in)

43
Q

Retinitis + esophagitis

44
Q

Which disease is a direct effect of HIV?

45
Q

Why would an ELISA or Western blot have a high false + rate in babies born to infected mothers?

A

They detect antibodies and anti-gp120 antibodies cross the placenta

46
Q

Interstitial pneumonia

47
Q

pol

A

Aspartate protease, reverse transcriptase, integrase

48
Q

3 structural genes of HIV

A

pol

gag

env

49
Q

p17

A

Matrix protein

50
Q

Caspid protein

51
Q

Ring enhancing lesion in AIDS brain

A

Toxoplasmosis abscess

Primary CNS lymphoma (EBV)

Step One R&M (38 decks)

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