history eoy exams

Question 1

what were Clemenceau’s aims for the ToV?

Answer 1

he wanted to: cripple Germany so that it could not attack again, he wanted the armed force to be dramatically reduced, the borders be pushed back to the Rhine in Eastern Germany. he wanted Germany to be more vulnerable so that France was strong in comparison and Germany would not have the guts to invade again

Question 2

what were Lloyd George’s aims for the ToV?

Answer 2

the people of Britain wanted revenge, but Lloyd George was more cautious than clemenceau. he was worried that Germans would start anther war if treated to harshly. he also wanted Germany to stay strong to be a strong trading partner. he saw the treaty as an opportunity to gain some of Germanies colonies and put restrictions on the German navy to prevent the German navy rivalling Britains army

Question 3

what were Wilson’s aims for the ToV?

Answer 3

America had not been too badly affected by WW1, so the American population didnt see a reason for revenge. Wilson was also worried about having harsh restrictions in case Germany causes another war like Lloyd George. he suggested the formation of the League of Nations. he also wanted self determination (countries could rule themselves), and freedom of the seas(everyone can sail trading ships wherever they want). this was part of his fourteen point program

Question 4

how much land did Germany loose(%) in the ToV?

Answer 4

10% - inluding Alsace Lorraine, which was returned to France; Eupen and Malmedy, which was given to Belgium; and North Schleswig, which was given to Denmark

Question 5

how many men was Germany allowed in the army?

Answer 5

100,000 - no conscription

Question 6

what restrictions were put on the navy?

Answer 6

15,000 men, 1500 officers and 6 battleships. the size and number of other ships was limited too

Question 7

what was Germany not allowed (military-wise)?

Answer 7

tanks, submarines, an airforce

Question 8

what strip of land had been demilitarized?

Answer 8

The Rhineland

Question 9

how satisfied was david lloyd george?

Answer 9

the people of britain were happy so lloyd george was treated like a hero - thought it couldve been harsher. lloyd george was happy that the british empire gained colonies and britain was able to have the best navy without competition. lloyd george was worried it was too harsh and could lead to war again

Question 10

what were the strengths of the league of nations

Answer 10

• many members
• economic sanctions and moral condemnation was frightening to smaller countries
• (almost) all the countries involved in world war 1 had to sign because of the peace treaties
• they successfully dealed with upper silesia and the aland islands

Question 11

what were the weaknesses of the league of nations

Answer 11

• no USA, germany (until september 1926), russia (until 1934)
• no military
• decisions had to be unanimous so it took a ling time

Question 12

how much was silk from japan worth in 1932 compared to 1920?

Answer 12

one fith

Question 13

what year was the washington naval agreement

Answer 13

1922

Question 14

when was the explosion on the railway in mukden?

Answer 14

18th september 1931

Question 15

which army invaded manhuria

Answer 15

kwantung

Question 16

what did japan rename manchuria?

Answer 16

manchukuo

Question 17

who did they put in charge of manchuria in 1931 as a puppet ruler?

Answer 17

pu yi (an ex chinese emperor - thrown out in 1911)

Question 18

when did china ask for help from the LoN

Answer 18

1932 march

Question 19

when did lord lytton arrive and when was his report published

Answer 19

1932 - april
1932 - october

Question 20

when did japan leave the LoN

Answer 20

feb 1933

Question 21

why did japan invade manchuria

Answer 21

• silk was loosing is value and they needed more natural resources like the ones in manchuria (iron ore)
• they’re geographically close together
• there was a history of confusion of who owned it (russia, japan, china) and chinese power was weakening
• distract their people from the domestic problems within japan
• the army was getting stronger after the naval agreement because the military no longer trusted the government to protect the country.

Question 22

what did the league do in manchuria

Answer 22

they sent lord lytton to write a report a year after it began and it concluded what they already knew

Question 23

why was the league hesitant to react to manchuria

Answer 23

• many thought japan already owned manchuria
• china and japan were far away
• chose to believe japan to not get involved
• china was disorganised so some thought japan being there would help bring order to china

Question 24

why didnt they use military/economic sanctions in manchuria

Answer 24

• too far to send military
• main trading partner was the USA so it woudnt make a difference

Question 25

what were the consequenes of the manchurian crisis

Answer 25

everyone saw how little power the league of nations had, and how easily japan left and continued to do what it wanted

Question 26

why did italy invade abyssinia

Answer 26

• mussolini promised he’d rebuild the ancient roman empire
• he thought invasion would be easy - he already had somaliland and eritea
• natural resources
• seen the league fail in corfu and fail in manchuria
• france wanted to keep italy as an ally

Question 27

what happened at wal wal and when?

Answer 27

december 1934 - italian soldiers ‘clashed’ with Abyssinians. 150 abyssinians dead, 2 italians

Question 28

what happened in january 1935

Answer 28

pierre laval (french foreign minister) met with mussolini and made secret agreements. promised not to interfere with abyssinia and told him to deal with abyssinia however they see fit.

Question 29

when did italian troops enter abyssinia?

Answer 29

3rd october 1935

Question 30

when did italy take the capitol of abyssinia

Answer 30

5th may 1936

Question 31

what did the league of nations do in abyssinia?

Answer 31

• trade sanctions against weapons but not coal (british workers) and not oil (usa and ussr)
  -put trade sanctions to abyssinia despite them not doing anything wrong

Question 32

when did italy leave the LoN

Answer 32

May 1936

Question 33

when did hiter march into the rhineland

Answer 33

7th march 1936

Question 34

how many soldiers did hitler march into the rhineland

Answer 34

22,000

Question 35

how did the civilians of the rhineland react to the invasion

Answer 35

they gave them flowers

Question 36

what did hitler use as an excuse to reoccupy the rhineland

Answer 36

he claimed to be svared that he had enemies on the eastern and western front

Question 37

what were the consequences of the remilitarisation of the rhineland

Answer 37

• france began to not trust britain to defend them
• hitler gained the respect of mussolini
• hitler got the chance to send his men to fight in the spanish civil war, so he could test his weapons and his men could experience war
• hitler got confident in defying the treaty of versailles

Question 38

when was the nazi-soviet pact signes

Answer 38

august 23, 1939

Question 39

when did germany invade poland

Answer 39

september 1, 1939

Question 40

when did germany take over the sudetenland

Answer 40

1938

Question 41

when did the police rais nazi headquaters?

Answer 41

jan 1938

Question 42

what plans did the police find when they raided the nazi headquaters in austria

Answer 42

plans to overthrow schuschnigg

Question 43

schuschnigg met with hitler and was forced to…?

Answer 43

• appoint seyss-inquart (german solicitor) as a minister with power of police
• lift restrictions on nazis
• place nazis in roles of finance and war

Question 44

what happened on the 11h march 1938

Answer 44

hitler demanded the plebicite to be post poned and forced schuschnigg to resign
the next day they invaded and were met with flowers

Question 45

when was the plebicite held and what were the results

Answer 45

10 april 1938, 99%