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elizabeth part 3 Flashcards

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1
Q

when did mary become queen of scotland?

A

1542 (she was 8 days old)

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2
Q

when did mary qos marry her first husband?

A

1558

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3
Q

who was mary qos second husband?

A

Loed Darnley

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4
Q

when did mary flee to england?

A

1568

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5
Q

where was mary kept in captivity?

A

first in carlisle castle then bolton castle

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6
Q

did they plan on killing queen elizabeth in the northern plot?

A

no, they just wanted to set mary up as an heir

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7
Q

why did the northern rebellion not go to plan?

A

robert dudley was helping the duke of norfolk because he wanted to restrict william cecil’s power, but he ended up being to guilty and confessed the plan

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8
Q

what was the plan for the rodolfi plot?

A

roberto di ridolfi was an italian who lived in london
6000 spanish men were supposed to land at harwich, where they would lead a rebellion and assasinate the queen

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9
Q

when was norfolk beheaded?

A

1572

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10
Q

why was elizabeth indecisive to execute the duke of Norfolk?

A

he was the only duke in England and he was her cousin

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11
Q

what was the plan in the throkmorton plot?

A

a french catholic force backed by the spanish and papal money would invade england, mary would be freed from house arrest and a catholic uprising involving jesuits, seminary preists and the rest of the english catholic population

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12
Q

why didnt throckmorton work?

A

walsingham discovered the plot before it could happen

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13
Q

what plot inspired the bond of association?

A

the throckmorton plot

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14
Q

what was the bond of association?

A

anyone associated with the assassination of the monarch couldn’t benefit from it in any way

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15
Q

where was mary moved after the throckmorton plot?

A

the ruined tutbury castle in staffordshire then to a moated manor house called chartley hall in late 1585

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16
Q

who would intercept the letters in the babington plot?

A

Gilbert Gifford

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17
Q

who decoded the letters in the babington plot?

A

Thomas Phelippes

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18
Q

when did mary write her fatal letter?

A

17th july 1586

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19
Q

when was sir anthony babington executed?

A

september 1586

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20
Q

when and where was mary executed?

A

8th february 1587 at fotheringhay castle

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21
Q

when did elizabeth write the death warrant for mary?

A

1st february 1587 - but she told her secretary not to seal it, but the privy council ignored this and mary was executed

22
Q

who was elizabeth’s secretary and what happened to him after the death warrant thing?

A

he was William Davison, he was imprisoned in the tower of london

23
Q

what did elizabeth do to cecil after mary’s death warrant scandal?

A

he was banished for 6 months

24
Q

when was mary queen of scots found guilty?

A

25th october 1586

25
Q

when did drake lead the ‘singeingthe king of spains beard’ and what was it?

A

in 1587, it was when he destroyed dozens of spanish ships in the port of Cadiz

26
Q

how did Elizabeth help the protestant dutch in their uprise against their spanish rule before 1585?

A

she sent money, allowed english volunteers to go and fight, and she allowed rebel ships to use english ports. this was all unofficial help

27
Q

who was the dutch rebellion leader?

A

william ‘the silent’ of orange

28
Q

when was the treaty of nunshuch signed?

A

1585

29
Q

what did the treaty of nonsuch mean?

A

there was a formal alliance between the dutch and England, so England sent 7000 troops under dudley’s command to support the rebellion. spain and england were officially at war with each other

30
Q

how many ships were part of the spanish armada?

A

151

31
Q

how many ships got back to spain after the armada?

A

65 out of the 151

32
Q

who lead the spanish side of the armada?

A

duke of medina sidonia - a bad choice because of his lack of ability, chosen because of his rank

33
Q

who lead the english side of the armada?

A

Lord Howard, the queens cousin and Lord High Admiral. he was assisted by Francis Drake and John Hawkins and Martin Frobisher, who were all very experienced

34
Q

how many people were in the english army for the armada?

A

20,000

35
Q

how many people were in the spanish side of the armada?

A

34,000

36
Q

how many battleships did england have?

A

34

37
Q

how many ships was england able to gather to fight the armada?

A

200 - from private owned and trading company ships

38
Q

what kind of guns did the english use in the armada?

A

culverins, which were light and accurate long-range guns

39
Q

who had the better ships in the armada?

A

the english - they were faster and more manoeuvrable

40
Q

when did the spanish get to the dutch coast?

A

august 6th 1588

41
Q

when did the spanish armada first try to set sail?

A

may 1588, but had to turn back due to storms

42
Q

what tactic did the english use on the spanish when they were waiting off the dutch coast?

A

fireships, a plan by francis drake, which terrified the spanish and scattered them out of their formation

43
Q

when did the english use the fireships?

A

august 7th

44
Q

when was the battle of gravelines?

A

8th of august

45
Q

how many spanish lives were lost at the battle of gravelines?

A

~1000

46
Q

how many english lives were lost at the battle of gravelines?

A

0

47
Q

how many spanish ships were lost at the battle of gravelines?

A

5, and many were badly damaged

48
Q

what did Elizabeth do to encourage her troops at the battle of gravelines?

A

she visited her troops at tilbury on horseback dressed in armour, and made a speech

49
Q

how many spanish lives were lost in total in the armada?

A

around 20,000

50
Q

what were the winds that pushed the spanish into the north sea nicknamed?

A

the protestant winds

history (12 decks)

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