conflict and tension part two Flashcards
how many people were there in the LoN (when created -> 1934)?
- in 1920 there were 42 members
- by 1934 it rose to 58
who were the four permanent members of the council?
- Britain
- Italy
- France
- Japan
what was the LoN?
a group of countries that would work together and solve problems like a world parliament
why was the LoN formed?
countries would work together to achieve four aims:
- to stop war from breaking out again
- to encourage disarmament
- to improve working conditions
- to tackle deadly diseases
where was the league based?
- Geneva Switzerland
- Switzerland had not been involved in the war so it was seen as a peaceful country
- the red cross was also based there (another key international organisation)
who wasn’t allowed to join?
- Russia (B + F suspicious of the commies) - but eventually joined in 1934
- Germany (until 1926 - Locarno treaty) and the other losing nations i think (Austria definitely)
what did Lloyd George issue in March 1919 to show support of the LoN?
the Fontainebleau Memorandum
when did Lloyd George issue the Fontainebleau Memorandum?
25th March 1919
what did Britain think of the LoN?
Britain generally regarded it as a place for countries to discuss ideas but without any real power - though France was glad for anything that might protect it from another German invasion
how did the league keep peace?
- it was thought that the LoN would work through collective security - the idea that if all countries worked together they could make sure that peace was kept and the interests of every nation looked after
- in 1920, the League also set up an international court that would establish international laws called the Permanent Court of International Justice - if every country was following the same laws there would be less chance of them disagreeing
what was the name of the court that was set up by the LoN in 1920?
the Permanent Court of International Justice
what happened if the League couldn’t settle disputes?
the Covenant set out how the LoN would deal with aggression:
- mitigation (getting countries to talk through their problems together)
- moral condemnation
- economic sanctions could be enforced - members of the league wouldn’t trade
what were the group of representatives called in the LoN?
the assembly
how often did the assembly meet?
once a year, on the first Monday of September
why did the assembly meet?
to discuss and vote on matters
did every country have an equal vote in the LoN?
yes
what did the vote need to be for the motion to pass in the LoN?
the vote needed to be unanimous
what would happen to the notions that didn’t get passed because the vote wasn’t unanimous?
it would get referred to the council
what was the structure of the league?
- the assembly
- the council
- the permanent court of international justice
- the secretariat
- special commisions
what was the assembly in charge of?
- deciding when a new country could join
- the election of judges to the permanent court of international justice
- voting for the non-permanent members of the council
- deciding how the league’s money was to be spent
why was there a council as well as the assembly?
the assembly that only met once a year would not be enough to ensure that everything ran smoothly
how many other countries would be chosen to sit on the council (for a 3-year term)?
initially four, but later increased to nine non-permanent members
what power did the council have?
the power of veto - even if the assembly had a unanimous vote
could the Permanent court of international justice enforce compulsory rulings?
no, they could only give advice (so a bit useless)