germany part 3 Flashcards
doing chap 7 + 9, add 8 later
what did all men between the ages of 18 and 25 have to do?
they had to spend six months in the RAD - national labour service; they would plant forests, mended hedges, and dug drainage ditches on farms. they had to wear uniform, and live in camps, but they were given free meals. they were paid only pocket money but they were employed
they also had to spend at least two years in the army - from 1935
what did the nazis order the creation of in 1933?
a network of autobahns (motorways) to link Germany’s major towns and cities
how many people worked on the autobahn?
about 100,000 - less unemployment
what other plans from the nazis gave people work?
more schools and hospitals were being built
what is rearmament?
when a country rebuilds its armed forces
what did hitler’s rearmament give to the Germans?
it gave more people work, and contracts were formed between the gov and factory owners + bosses of large businesses
what did hitler introduce which went against the ToV?
conscription (in 1935)
why did hitler want to rearm Germany?
he wanted Germany to be known as a great military power again
how did conscription cause the army to grow?
within five years (1935-1940 i think) the army grew from 100,000 men to 1,400,000 men (so more people were given jobs)
how did nazis make it seem like there was less unemployment?
- women who gave up work would not be counted as unemployed
- part-time workers counted as full-time workers
- they would sack Jewish people and give their jobs to non-Jewish people, but the Jewish people who were sacked were not considered to be unemployed
who was appointed as minister of economics?
Hjalmar Schacht, a respected banker
how did Schacht solve the issue of needing raw materials for the goods Hitler wanted?
he signed trade deals with other countries in South America and South-East Europe, in return for German goods
why was Schacht sacked?
Hitler was too impatient and his trade deals were not working fast enough
who was Schacht replaced by?
Hermann Goering
what scheme did Goering introduce in 1936?
the four year plan
when was the four year plan introduced?
1936
what did Goering attempt to make Germany (in terms of raw materials and other countries)?
self sufficient
what was the aim of the four year plan?
to get Germany ready for war (produce the goods necessary)
how did they make Germany self sufficient (or attempt to)?
if they were unable to find particular goods or resources, they would find alternatives or make artificial substitutes
what are some examples of the alternatives Germany was able to produce?
- petrol from coal
- artificial wool and cotton from pulped wood
- make-up from flower
- coffee from acorns
how did the nazis help the farmers?
- hitler cut their taxes
- he guaranteed them that they would not be thrown off their land
what nazi policies upset the farmers?
- laws were introduced which stopped farmers dividing up their land and giving a part to each child
- this was an attempt to keep farms large and under control of the same family
- some farmers resented this because some children were no longer able to inherit their family farm and had to go to the city to look for new jobs
- some farmers liked it because it meant their farms were secure in their family for generations
what organisation replaced trade unions?
the German Labour Front (Deutsche Arbeitsfront - DAF)
what two schemes did the DAF run?
- the beauty of labour (Schonheit der Arbeit - SDA)
- strength through joy (Kraft durch Freude - KDF)