Histology - GI System

Question 1

Replace all cell types

Answer 1

Stem cells (in isthmus)

Question 1

parts of GI tract with submucosal glands

Answer 1

duodenum, esophagus

Question 2

Stomach - ELSMS/A

Answer 2

E: simple columnar LP: fundic, cardiac, pyloric glands SM: rugae ME: inner oblique, middle circular, outer longitundinal. S/A: serosa

Question 2

Small Intestine - ELSMS/A

Answer 2

E: simple columnae LP: vili, intestinal glands, Peyer’s patches (ileum). SM: circular folds, Brunner’s glands. ME: inner circular, outer longitunindal. S/A: serosa (except duodenum)

Question 3

apical, small intestine. Antimicrobial secretions that regulate gut flora.

Answer 3

Paneth cells

Question 4

HCl: lowers pH. Intrinsic factor: B12 absorption

Answer 4

Parietal cells

Question 5

Smooth Muscle Sphincter Layer

Answer 5

Muscularis Externa

Question 6

lymphatic capillaries, uptake chylomicrons (modified triglycerides)

Answer 6

Lacteals

Question 6

Transition from simple columnar to stratified columnar to stratified squamous non keratinized

Answer 6

Rectoanal junction

Question 7

Pepsinogen: converted to pepsin by low pH, digests protein

Answer 7

Chief cells

Question 7

Esophagus - ELSMS/A

Answer 7

E: Stratified squamous non-keratinized LP: esophageal cardiac glands (lower) SM: esophageal glands ME: skeletal (upper) -> sk & sm (middle) -> smooth (lower) S/A: Adventitia

Question 9

Secrete hormones like gastrin, CCK, secretin. Regulate gastric, intestinal, pancreatic, gallbladder activity -G cells, I cells, S cells, etc.

Answer 9

Enteroendocrine cells

Question 10

antigen transport cells, phagocytizes antigen & transports it to lamina propria

Answer 10

M cells

Question 11

Soluble mucus: lubrication

Answer 11

Mucous neck cells

Question 11

Large Intesting - ELSMS/A

Answer 11

E: simple columnar. LP: intestinal glands. SM: - ME: inner circular, outer longintudinal (teniae coli). S/A: serosa in transverse and sigmoid. Adventitia in the rest.

Question 12

submucosal glands

Answer 12

Esophageal glands, Brunner’s Glands (duodenum)

Question 14

Lacteals, fenestrated capillaries, smooth muscle, GALT

Answer 14

Villus lamina propria components

Question 16

cells found in the follicle-associated epithelium of the Peyer’s patch that transportantigens from the gut lumen to immune cells across the epithelial barrier, and thus are important in stimulating mucosal immunity.

Answer 16

M cells (or microfold cells) are

Question 17

permanent infolds of the lamina propria

Answer 17

Intestinal glands

Question 19

Insoluble mucus: barrier

Answer 19

Surface mucous cells

Question 20

Gut mucosal immunology

Answer 20

1. M cells phagocytize antigen and transport ot LP. 2. Immune cells in GALT activate plasma cells. 3. Plasma cells secrete antibodies that are transported to the lumen.

Question 21

outer layer of adventitia

Answer 21

distal duodenum, esophagus, ascending and descending colon, rectum

Question 22

goblet cells secrete mucus for lubrication & protection

Answer 22

Intestinal glands

Question 23

cytoplasmic folds on enterocytes

Answer 23

Microvilli

Question 24

LARGE INTESTINE functions

Answer 24

absorbs electrolytes & water, eliminates waste

Question 25

Enterocytes, Goblet Cells

Answer 25

Villus epithelium components

Question 27

Fundic Glands

Answer 27

surface mucous cels, stem cells, mucous neck cells, parietal cells, chief cells, enteroendocrine cells

Question 28

Stratified squamous non-keratinized to statified squamous keratinized at anus. Internal anal sphincter is smooth muscle while external anal canal is skeletal muscle.

Answer 28

Anal canal

Question 29

permanent outfolds of the lamina propria

Answer 29

Villi

Question 30

permanent folds of submucosa

Answer 30

Circular folds (plicae circulares)

Question 31

LARGE INTESTINE unique features.

Answer 31

Simple columnar epithelium, intestinal glands in LP, teniae coli in outerlongitudinal layer