Hand and Wrist Flashcards
what bones does the radius articulate with
the lunate and scaphoid
where does flexion of the wrist joint occur
40% at radiocarpal, 60% at midcarpal joint
where does extension of the wrist joint occur
33% at midcarpal and 67% at radiocarpal
where does abduction and adduction of the wrist occur
midcarpal joint
what is the roof of the carpal tunnel
transverse carpal ligament or flexor retinaculum
what are the fascial compartments of the wrist
-hypothenar
-thenar
-central
-adductor
-interosseous
what nerve and muscles runs through the hyponthenar fascia
ulnar nerve and intrinsic muscles of digit 5
what nerve and muscles run through the thenar fascia
median nerve, instrinsic muscles of digit 1 (thumb)
what makes up the central fascia
carpal tunnel
what nerve and muscle runs through the adductor fascia
deep ulnar nerve and adductor pollicis muscle
what nerve and muscles run through the interosseous fascia
ulnar nerve between metacarpals and palmar and dorsal interosseous muscles
what are the extensor retinaculum and flexor retinaculum
thickenings in the antebrachial fasciae
what do the long tendons of flexor digitorum sueprficialis and flexor digitorum profundus enter beneath the flexor retinaculum
a common flexor sheath/ulnar bursa
what is the synovial sheath for digit 5 continuous with
the ulnar bursa
what is infectious tenosynovitis
infection of flexor tendon sheaths
where can an infection if digit 5 of tendon sheath spread
ulnar bursa and carpal tunnel
where can an infection of the tendon sheath of the first digit spread to
carpal tunnel and flexor pollicis longus tendon (radial bursa)
what are Kanavels four cardinal signs of infectious tenosynovitis
-flexed position
-pain with any attempt at extending affected digit
-uniform swelling involving entire digit
- percussion tenderness along course of tendon sheath
what muscles are a part of the thenar eminence
-abductor pollicis brevis
-flexor pollicis brevis
-opponens pollicis
what muscles are a part of the hypothemar muscles
-flexor digiti minimi
-abductor digiti minimi
-opponens digiti minimi
what are the first and second lumbricals attached to and what innervates them
attached to lateral 2 tendons of FDP
-median nerve
what is the insertion origin action and innervation of 3rd and 4th lumbricals
insertion: medial 3 tendons of FDP
origin: lateral sides of the extensor expansions of digits 2-5
action: flex the MCP joints and extend IP joints of digits 2-5
innervation: deep branch of the ulnar nerve
what is the mechanism of the extensor hood
-the long extensor tendons strongly extend the MP joint and allows extension of IP joints when MP joints are flexed by lumbricals
-also aided by contraction of dorsal interosseous muscles
what is the blood supply from the radial artery to the hand
-radial artery-> deep palmar arch -> princeps pollicis artery, radialis indicis artery
-radial artery-> superficial palmar branch of radial artery
