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Anatomy > Hand and Wrist > Flashcards

Hand and Wrist Flashcards

1
Q

what bones does the radius articulate with

A

the lunate and scaphoid

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2
Q

where does flexion of the wrist joint occur

A

40% at radiocarpal, 60% at midcarpal joint

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3
Q

where does extension of the wrist joint occur

A

33% at midcarpal and 67% at radiocarpal

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4
Q

where does abduction and adduction of the wrist occur

A

midcarpal joint

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5
Q

what is the roof of the carpal tunnel

A

transverse carpal ligament or flexor retinaculum

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6
Q

what are the fascial compartments of the wrist

A

-hypothenar
-thenar
-central
-adductor
-interosseous

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7
Q

what nerve and muscles runs through the hyponthenar fascia

A

ulnar nerve and intrinsic muscles of digit 5

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8
Q

what nerve and muscles run through the thenar fascia

A

median nerve, instrinsic muscles of digit 1 (thumb)

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9
Q

what makes up the central fascia

A

carpal tunnel

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10
Q

what nerve and muscle runs through the adductor fascia

A

deep ulnar nerve and adductor pollicis muscle

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11
Q

what nerve and muscles run through the interosseous fascia

A

ulnar nerve between metacarpals and palmar and dorsal interosseous muscles

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12
Q

what are the extensor retinaculum and flexor retinaculum

A

thickenings in the antebrachial fasciae

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13
Q

what do the long tendons of flexor digitorum sueprficialis and flexor digitorum profundus enter beneath the flexor retinaculum

A

a common flexor sheath/ulnar bursa

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14
Q

what is the synovial sheath for digit 5 continuous with

A

the ulnar bursa

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15
Q

what is infectious tenosynovitis

A

infection of flexor tendon sheaths

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16
Q

where can an infection if digit 5 of tendon sheath spread

A

ulnar bursa and carpal tunnel

17
Q

where can an infection of the tendon sheath of the first digit spread to

A

carpal tunnel and flexor pollicis longus tendon (radial bursa)

18
Q

what are Kanavels four cardinal signs of infectious tenosynovitis

A

-flexed position
-pain with any attempt at extending affected digit
-uniform swelling involving entire digit
- percussion tenderness along course of tendon sheath

19
Q

what muscles are a part of the thenar eminence

A

-abductor pollicis brevis
-flexor pollicis brevis
-opponens pollicis

20
Q

what muscles are a part of the hypothemar muscles

A

-flexor digiti minimi
-abductor digiti minimi
-opponens digiti minimi

21
Q

what are the first and second lumbricals attached to and what innervates them

A

attached to lateral 2 tendons of FDP
-median nerve

22
Q

what is the insertion origin action and innervation of 3rd and 4th lumbricals

A

insertion: medial 3 tendons of FDP
origin: lateral sides of the extensor expansions of digits 2-5
action: flex the MCP joints and extend IP joints of digits 2-5
innervation: deep branch of the ulnar nerve

23
Q

what is the mechanism of the extensor hood

A

-the long extensor tendons strongly extend the MP joint and allows extension of IP joints when MP joints are flexed by lumbricals
-also aided by contraction of dorsal interosseous muscles

24
Q

what is the blood supply from the radial artery to the hand

A

-radial artery-> deep palmar arch -> princeps pollicis artery, radialis indicis artery
-radial artery-> superficial palmar branch of radial artery

25
Q

what is the blood supply from the ulnar artery to the hand

A

ulnar artery -> superficial palmar arch -> common palmar digital arteries -> proper palmar digital arteries

26
Q

what is the anatomical snuff box bordered by

A

extensor pollicis brevis and extensor pollicis longus

27
Q

what is the spatial relationship between the superficial branch of the radial artery and the anatomical snuff box

A

the artery passes over it

28
Q

what does the anatomical snuff box contain

A

radial artery, trapezium and scaphoid bones

29
Q

what passes through the carpal tunnel

A

median nerve, tendons of FDS and FDP

30
Q

what is the relationship between the recurrent branch of the median nerve and thenar eminence

A

very superficial as it enters the thenar eminence

31
Q

what is the relationship between the ulnar artery and flexor retinaculum

A

nerve passes superficial to flexor retinaculum and enters guyon’s canal medial to ulnar artery

32
Q

what muscles does the radial nerve supply in the hand

A

none

33
Q

what does the superficial branch of the radial nerve provide

A

sensation to dorsum of hand

Anatomy (27 decks)

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