hamster Flashcards
1
Q
Syrian Hamster
A
Mesocricetus auratus
2
Q
Chinese Hamster
A
Cricetulus griseus
3
Q
Armenian Hamster
A
Cricetulus migratorius
4
Q
European Hamster
A
Cricetus cricetus
5
Q
Djungarian (Russian Dwarf) Hamster
A
Phodopus campbelli
6
Q
Siberian Dwarf Hamster
A
Phodopus sungorus
7
Q
suborder for hamsters?
A
Myomorpha
8
Q
anatomical characteristics
A
large cheek pouches, thick bodies, short tails, excess loose skin, only incisiors erupt continuously
9
Q
Native environment and behavior
A
arid, temperate regions, live deep in tunnels where cooler and more humid. Diurnal activity in wild
10
Q
activity in laboratory environment
A
nocturnal
11
Q
origin of Syrian hamster
A
originated from one litter captured in Syria in 1930
12
Q
Carcinogenesis model
A
1) cheek pouch carcinogenesis oral tumor formation
2) pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma: nitrosamine
3) SV40: oncogenic virus
4) Human adenovirus: potential cancer therapeutic
5) exogenous estrogen to males leads to renal tumors
13
Q
Metabolic disease models
A
1) cholesterol cholelithiasis: excess dietary cholesterol or sucrose-rich diet
2) diabetes mellitus: STZ or alloxan
3) Atherosclerosis through dietary manipulation
14
Q
Cardiovascular models
A
1) cardiomyopathy (DCM and HCM) sarcoglycan gene (dystrophin complex)
15
Q
Infectious disease models
A
1) Leishmania
2) Hantavirus
3) SARS
4) prions
16
Q
Gestation length in syrian hamster
A
15-18 days
17
Q
Weaning
A
21 days
18
Q
Puberty
A
M 6-8w
F 8-12w
19
Q
characteristics of the cheek pouch
A
extensively microvascular
immune privilaged
20
Q
unique characteristics of respiratory system
A
develop centrilobular emphysema when exposed to intratracheal porcine pancreatic elastase- model for COPD
21
Q
sexual dimorphism of hardarian gland
A
females secreate 10^3 more porforin
22
Q
diet for hamsters
A
standard rodent diets
23
Q
T/F Placement of the food on the floor is not allowed for Hamsters.
A
False: IT IS allowed
24
Q
fluid requirements
A
8.5ml/100g (Low when compared to other species, linked to natural adaptations for water conservation)
25
Name two unique pharmacological responses seen in hamsters
more sensitive to metabolic effects of corticosteroids
| less senstive to effects of morphine
26
length of estrous cycle
4 days
27
best time to mate hamsters
third day after postovulatory discharge, copious creamy white opaque viscous discharge
28
pregnancy determination
abdominal distention around 10 days post breeding, absence of postovulatory discharge 5-9 days post breeding (normal estrous cycles)
29
when does the estrous cycle resume following parturition?
1-8 days
30
hamster weighing 60g or less needs how much space
10in^2
31
hamster weiging over 60g needs how much space
13-19in^2
32
female hamster with litter needs how much space
121in^2
33
height of all hamster cages
6in
34
examples of hamster enrichment
nesting material
35
recommended temperature for hamsters
68-79F
36
light cycle recommendations
non breeding 12-14h light
37
causative agent for proliferative enteritis
Lawsonia intracellularis
38
description of Lawsonia intracellularis
gram negative nonspore forming, slightly curved rod, obligate intracellular bacterium
39
clinical signs of proliferative enteritis
watery diarrhea, moist, matted fur on the tail, perineum and ventral abdomen
40
morbidity and mortality for proliferative enteritis
high for both
41
transmission of proliferative enteritis
fecal-oral
42
clinical signs of acute proliferative enteritis
hemorrhagic diarrhea
43
clinical signs of sub-acute proliferative enteritis
delayed growth and diarrhea
44
clinical signs of chronic proliferative enteritis
no clinical signs
45
gross findings of proliferative enteritis
segmental thickening and congestion of the ileum, enlargement of mesenteric lymph nodes
46
histopathologic findings of proliferative enteritis
hyperplasia of columnar mucosal epithelial cells in the terminal ileum
47
identification of Lawsonia intracellularis
Warthin starry stain
48
susceptible ages of hamsters to proliferative enteritis
weanlings most susceptable
49
detection of lawsonia intracellularis
fecal PCR
50
treatment of lawsonia intracellularis
supportive care
51
control of lawsonia intracellularis
depopulation, facility sanitation, repopulation with uninfected hamsters
52
causative agent of tyzzers disease
Clostridium piliforme
53
description of colostridium piliforme
spore forming intracellular bacterium
54
transmission of tyzzers disease
fecal oral of spores
55
control of Tyzzers disease
improved sanitation and isolation
56
clinical signs of Tyzzers disease
roughened hair coat, diarrhea, and high mortality (young or immunosuppred animals only)
57
necropsy findings with Tyzzers disease
enterocolitis, lymphadenitis, multifocal necrotizing hepatitis
58
diagnosis of Tyzzers disease
special staining of tissues (Giemsa, silver stain)
59
Clinical signs of clostridium difficile
profuse , watery, hemorrhagic diarrhea
60
histiologic findings of clostridium difficile
typhilitis and colitis in adult hamsters
61
risk factors for clostridium difficile overgrowth
antibiotic administration, change in diet
62
control of outbreak of clostridium difficile
depopulation, decontamination, (chlorine dioxide) and repopulation
63
histology of salmonella infection
septic thrombi
64
control of salmonella infection
well managed facilities
65
description of helicobacter
gram negative curved to spiral fusiform morphology
66
2nd most common hamster disease
pneumonia/ Pasturella pneumotropica, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and other Streptococcus diseases
67
species of helicobacter found in hamsters
H. cinadei, H. mesocricetorum, H. cholecystus, H. aurati,
68
clinical signs have only been associated with which species of Helicobacter
H. aurati, gastritis, chronic and progressive typhlocolitis, intestinal metaplasia, dysplastic lesions in large intestine
69
which hamster viruses should be part of routine screening?
1) LCMV
2) Hamster parvovirus
3) Murine pneumonia virus
4) Reovirus
5) Sendai virus
70
most likely species to transmit LCMV to humans?
hamsters
71
primary reserviour for LCMV?
mouse
72
description of LCMV
RNA virus, arenavirus
73
clinical signs of LCMV
natural infection generally causes acute short term infection. perinatally exposed animals remain subclincal. Congenitally or neonatal animals remain persistently infected and may develop chronic, progressive fatal disease
74
most likely route of infection by LCMV for hamsters?
implantation of tumors infected
75
necropsy findings of LCMV
lymphocytic infiltration of the liver, lungs, pancreas, kidney, spleen, meninges, and brain
76
route of transmission for LCMV
excreted in the urine, contanct
77
what is the ABSL level for LCMV
BSL3, zoonotic
78
description of Sendi virus
single stranded RNA virus Paramyoviridae family
79
natural host for Sendai virus
mice
80
clinical signs of Sendai virus
mortality in newborn pups, most infections are subclinical
81
route of transmission for Sendai virus
direct contact with infected rodents
82
necropsy findings of Sendai virus
hyperplasia of nasal mucosal epithelium, hyperplasia of bronchial epithelium, peribronchial edema
83
do hamsters have their own species specific adenovirus?
No, but can be infected with adenoviruses from a variety of other species, most typically the murine adenovirus
84
animals most susceptable to adenovirus infection?
immunocompromised
85
clincial signs of adenovirus
typically subclincal
86
diagnosis of adenovirus
adenoviral intranuclear inclusion bodies in intenstinal epithelium
87
interesting fact about polyoma virus in hamsters
causes lymphoma as well as spontaneous skin epitheliomas
88
natural host for polyoma virus
European hamsters, transferto Syrian hamsters after inadvertently co0mingling of species
89
spread of polyoma virus
ingestion of virions through contaminated fomites
90
tropism for polyoma virus
undiferentitated keratinocytes and lymphocytes
91
describe clincial signs of the two syndromes associated with polyoma virus
1) naive juvenile hamsters, epizootic multicentric lymphoma involving mesentary, intestines, liver, kidneys
92
transmission of polyoma virus
shed in urine (persists in renal tubular epithelium)
93
prevention and control of polyoma virus
culling of entire colony and decontamination
94
description of hamster parvovirus
rodent protoparvovirus 1, non enveloped singe stranded DNA virus
95
natural host for rodent RPV1
not hamsters, most likely mice
96
clinical signs of RPV1 infection in hamsters
young hamsters: runted with incisor teeth abnormalities, domes craniums, small testicles, and a potbellied appearance
97
transmission of RPV1
shed for long time in urnie, infection spred through ingestion of viral particles
98
diagnosis of RPV1
PCR
99
control of RPV1
quarantine, facility disinfection, re-stocking with new hamsters
100
hamsters are susceptable to what protozoa?
1) Spironucleus muris
2) Tritrichomonas muris
3) Giardia muris
101
clinical signs of protozoal infection in hamsters?
fecal smears from hamsters may contain a large number and variety of organims, yet etiologic role in disease is unclear.
102
Nematodes found in hamsters?
1) Syphacia mesocriceti
2) Syphacia stroma
3) Syphacia peromysci
4) Syphacia obvelata
5) Syphacia muris
6) Aspicularis tetraptera
7) Dentostomella translucida
103
life cycle of pin worms?
direct
104
transmission of pinworms?
fecal oral through fomites
105
cestodes found in hamsters?
1) Hymenolepis diminuta
2) Rodentolepis nana
3) Rodentopelpis microstoma
106
most important parasite found in hamsters?
Rodentolepis nana
107
life cycle of Rodentolepis nana?
direct or indirect (unique)
108
diagnosis of cestodes?
fecal float. R. nana has hooks on the scolex
109
ascariasis in hamsters
1) Demodex criceti
2) Demodex aurati
3) Demodem cricetuli (Armenian only)
4) Notoedres (ear mite)
5) Spleorodens clethrionomys (nasal mite)
110
clinical signs of demodex infection
alopecia over rump and back with dry scaly skin
111
most frequent neoplasia of syrian hamster
lymphosarcoma
112
principal cause of death in hamsters on long-term experiments
amyloidosis
113
clinical signs of amyloidosis
affects liver, kidneys, stomach, adrenal, thyroid, and spleen. extensive subcutaneous edema, ascites and hydrothorax. pale tam, enlarged and misshapen kidneys
114
experimental induction of amyloidosis
casein or LPS subcutaneous injections
115
most common site for polycystic disease in hamsters
liver, but also cecum, kidneys, ovaries, and spleen
116
cause of cysts in polycystic disease
in liver- developmental defect of normal ductal structures
117
eitology for chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis
linked to dietary contamination, infection with bacterial pathogens, immune system abnormalities, but no etiology has been identified
118
clinical signs associated with chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis
no clincal signs, even in cirrhotic animals
119
atrial thrombosis is most commonly seen in which type of hamster?
albion-panda-albino (APA). accompanied by cardiac hypertrophy that develops with age.
120
pathogenesis of atrial thrombi
form as a result of local blood stasis secondary to heart failure
121
unique characteristics of the chinese hamster
small size
122
most common use for the chinese hamster
ovaries to make Chinese hamster ovary cell line
123
chromosome number for chinese hamster
22
124
most common metabolic disease seen in chinese hamsters
diabetes mellitus
125
cause of diabetes mellitus in chineese hamsters
transmitted as a recessive factor of 4 genes, if any two of the four genes are homozygous, glucosuria could result
126
most common spontaneous tumor in chinese hamsters?
uterine adenocarcinoma
127
cause of cerebral hemorrhage seen in chinese hamsters
not determined but postulated to involve inflammatory or degenerative changes in the anterior cerebral artery
128
characterization of periodontitis in hamsters
seen in chinese hamsters with hereditary diabetes melitus. lesion is characterized by absorption of alveolar bone, inflammation, and pocket formation due to splitting of the epithelial attachment. corrosponds to human disease with diabetes melitus
129
hamsters with diabetes melitus showed and increase in incidence of _____________ and __________________
peridontitis
130
uses of armenian hamster
susceptibility to mutagenic and carcinogenic agents
131
gestation of armenian hamster
18-19 days
132
most common spontaneous disease in armenian hamsters
hepatocellular carcinoma in animals exposed to estrogens
133
speical mite found in the armenian hamster
Demodex cricetuli
134
use of european hamster
susceptible to DEN (N-diethylnitrosamine) for development of respiratory tumors
135
most common neoplasia in european hamster
leukemia
136
coat difference between P. sungorus and P. campbelli
P. sungorus molts to a pure white haircoat while P. campbelli retains its grey haircoat
137
uses of djungarian hamsters
susceptible to carcinogens, and oncogenic viruses
138
estrus cycle of djungarian hamsters
most compressed reproductive cycle, post partum estous, day of parturition, deliver the second litter while weaning the first.
139
unique trait in reproduction of dungarian hamsters
both sexes take part in caring for young, females are typically non aggressive
140
hibernation of dungarian
do not hibernate even when exposed to temperatures below -40C
141
neoplasia in dnungarian hamsters
oral neoplasia, skin, and mammary glands
142
hypersensitivity to what type of bedding material
cedar chips
143
what characteristics make hamsters good subjects for oncology research
relaively low incidence of naturally occuring tumors
neonates are susceptible to viral oncogenesis
susceptible to estrogen induced tumors (renal adenocarcinoma in males)
resistant to radiation induced tumors
144
what characteristics make hamsters a good subject for immunobiology research?
neonatal hamster is immunologically immature
| thymus is slow to mature
145
which species of hamster is a true hibernator
European hamster (Cricetus cricetus)
146
hibernation activity of Syrian hamster
(Mesocrecitus auratus) permissive hibernators, must awaken periodically
147
hamster pharmacology: resistant to which?
histamine, morphine, radiation
148
hamster pharmacology: sensitive to?
steroids and serotonin
149
hamster response to radiation
very resistant
150
are males or females more susceptible to amyloidosis
Females
151
reproductive characteristics of Phodopsus spp
females are nonaggressive, form monogamous parental bonds and both care for young
