AWA questions Flashcards
Year first laboratory animal welfare act was published
1966
What was primarily covered by the 1966 Laboratory animal Act
dogs were of primary interest, covered animal holding facilities (ie before and after research, not during)
What year was the 1st revision of the AWA
1970, renamed animal welfare act
What was primarily covered by the 1970 amendment to the AWA
research facilities were required to file annual report, pain categories, included zoos, circuses, all warm blooded animal species
the 1976 AWA amendment included what?
prohibited animal fighting ventures and transport for, expanded animal transportation requirements
the 1985 AWA amendment included what?
exercise requirement, IACUC, AWIC,
the 1990 AWA amendment included what?
5 day holding period
AWA definition of animal
any living or dead, dog , cat, non human primate, guinea pig, hamster, rabbit or any other warm-blooded animal which is being used for research, teaching, testing, experimentation, or exhibition purposes except birds, mice of the genus Mus and rats of the genus Rattus
definition of major operative procedure by AWA
body cavity is penetrated, produces permanent impairment of physical or psychological functions
definition of primary enclosure
structure or device used to restrict an animal to a limited amount of space
what is a study area as defined by the AWA?
any building, room, area, or enclosure outside a core facility in which animals are housed for >12hrs
definition of sanitize
to make physically clean and to remove and destroy to the maximum degree practical, agents injurious to health
definition of dealer
any person who, in commerce, for compensation or profit, delivers for transportation, or transports, except as a carrier, buys, or sells, or negotiates the sale of, (1) any dog or other animal whether alive or dead for research, teaching, exhibition, or use as a pet, or (2) any dog for hunting, security, or breeding purposes
exceptions to the definition of dealer
- a retail pet store, except if such store sells to a research facility
- any person who does not derive no more than $500 gross income from the sale of other animals during any calendar year.
This comes from part 1, part 2 has a larger number of exceptions.
AWA definition of animal
any live or dead dog, cat, monkey (nonhuman primate mammal), guinea pig, hamster, rabbit, or other such warm-blooded animal, as the Secretary may determine is being used, or is intended for use, for research, testing, experimentation, exhibition purposes, or as a pet
exclusion to AWA definition of animal
- birds
- rats of the genus Rattus bred for research
- mice of the genus Mus bred for research
- horses not used for research purposes
other farm animals, such as, but not limited to livestock, or poultry used or intended for use for improving animal nutrition, breeding, management, or production efficiency, or for improving the quality of food or fiber.
when would a retail pet store need to be licensed as a dealer
when they sell any dog or cat to a dealer or research facility and derive a substantial portion of their income (as determined by the Secretary) from the breeding and raising of dogs or cats on his own premises
holding period for dealer or exhibitor
5 business days
what entities are required to be licensed under the AWA?
dealers and exhibitors (see definitions above)
what entities are required to be registered under the AWA?
every research facility, every intermediate handler, every carrier, and every exhibitor not licensed under 2133 of this title
What persons can sell animals to a research facility but are exempted from obtaining a license
any retail pet store or other person who derives less than a substantial portion of his income from the breeding and raising of dogs or cats on his own premises and sells any such dog or cat to a dealer or research facility
what should the facility inspection report include?
signed by a majority of the Committee members involved in the inspection
include reports of any violations
include any minority views of the Committee
include any other information pertinent to the actitity
how long should the inspection certification report be kept on file?
at least 3 years
for federal research facilities, to whom should deviations be reported?
The head of the Federal agency conducting the research
What 4 components are required to be part of the training provided to scientists, technicians, and other personell involved with animal care?
instruction on:
1) humane practice of animal maintenance and experimentation
2) research or testing methods that minimize or eliminate the use of animals or limit animal pain or distress
3) utilization of the information services at AWIC
4) methods whereby deficiencies in animal care and treatment should be reported.
how often will the Secretary inspect each research facility?
once each year, and in the case of deficiencies or deviations conduct follow-up inspections
what is the definition of a field study under AWA?
a study conducted on free-living wild animals in their natural habitat. However, this term excludes any study that involves an invasive procedure, harms, or materially alters the behavior of an animal under study.
definition of indoor housing facility
must be capable of controlling temperature
enclosed with a roof, floor, and walls continuous connection
at least one door for entry and exit, any windows or openings must be covered with glass or hard plastic
definition of non-conditioned animal
animals which have not been subjected to special care and treatment for sufficient time to stabilize, and where necessary, to improve their health
definition of outdoor housing facility
any structure, building, land or premise, housing or intended to house animals, which does not meet the definition of any other type of housing facility, temperatures cannot be controlled within limits
definition of painful procedure
any procedure that would reasonably be expected to cause more than slight or momentary pain or distress in a human being
definition of random source
dogs and cats obtained from animal pounds or shelters, auction sales, or from any person who did not breed and raise them on his or her premises.
definition of sheltered housing
provides the animal with shelter, protection from the elements, and protection from temperature extremes at all times. A sheltered housing facility may consist of runs or pens totally enclosed in a barn or building
definition of a weaned animal
has become accustomed to take solid food and has done so without nursing for a period of at least 5 days
what are the categories for exceptions for obtaining a dealers license for dogs and/or cats, and/or small exotic or wild animals according to Part 2 regulations of the AWA.
1) retail pet stores
2) any person who derives no more than $500 gross income from the sale of such animals
3) Any person who maintains a total of four or fewer female dogs and sells the offspring at wholesale
4) any person who maintains a total of four or fewer female dogs and sells the offspring at retail.
5) any person who sells fewer than 25 dogs or cats per year which were born and raised on his or her premises
6) any animal used only for the purposes of food or fiber
If a research facility has has a change in operations, how soon should they notify the USDA?
10 days
If a research facilities registration is on inactive status and they plan to being using animals again, how soon should they notify the USDA?
10 days before animal work starts
If any significant deficiency remains uncorrected, how many days does the institution have to report this to the USDA
15 business days
Responsibilities of IACUC under AWA?
1) review program description every 6 months
2) inspect facilities every 6 months
3) prepare and submit reports on the above to IO
4) Investigate concerns regarding animal welfare
5) make recommendations
6) review and approve proposed animal activities and 7) significant changes to animal activities
8) be authorized to suspend activities
These are exactly the same as seen in the PHS
What is USDA form 7001 used for?
health certificate
What is USDA form 7005 used for?
Record of Acquisition of Dogs and Cats on Hand
What is USDA form 7006 used for?
Record of Disposition of Dogs and Cats
How long should required USDA transportation forms be kept by research facilities?
3 yrs (1 yr if dealer or carrier)
What is required in the annual report by research facilities to the USDA?
1) assure that each PI has considered alternatives
2) Assure that professionally acceptable standards were followed
3) assure that facility is adhering to the standards and regulations, and give reasons for exceptions
4) location of all facilities where animals were housed
5) common name and number of animals used by pain category
What is USDA form 7019 used for?
Record of Animals on hand (other than dogs and cats)
What is USDA form 7020 used for?
Record of Acquisition, Disposition, or Transport of Animals (other than dogs and cats)
If a housing facility is located on the same premises as onother business, it must be physically separated from teh other business so that aimals the size of _______________ are prevented from entering it.
Dogs, skunks, racoons
When dogs or cats are present, the ambient temperature in the facility must not fall below _____ for dogs and cats not acclimated to lower temperatures.
50F
The ambient temperature must not fall below _____ for more than ___ hours when dogs or cats are present, and must not rise above _____ for more than _____ consecutive hours when dogs or cats are present.
45, 4, 85, 4
This is the same requirement for dogs and cats housed in a sheltered housing facility.
Axuillary ventilation, such as fans, blowers, or air conditioning must be provided when dogs and cats are present and the ambient temperature is ____ or higher.
85F
The ambient temperature in the sheltered part of the facility must not fall below ___ for dogs and cats not acclimated to lower temperatures.
50F
What must be provided to dogs and cats housed in a sheltered housing facility when the temperature drops below _____?
50 F, and must provide dry bedding, solid resting boards, or other methods of conserving body heat.
Shelter requirements for dogs and cats housed in outdoor facilities.
One or more shelter structures that are accessible to each animal in each outdoor faciliy. In addition to the shelter structure, one or more separate outside areas of shade must be provided. Shelters in outdoor facilities for dogs or cats must contain a rood, four sides, and a floor.
At what temperature is additional clean, dry bedding required for dogs or cats housed in outdoor facilities?
35F
height for cat enclosure
24in
cage size requirements for cats
4kg=4
space for kittens and puppies
at least 5% of requirement for mother
what is excluded and included when calculating floor space for cats
excluded: 1) food and water bowls
2) if resting board is too low for animal to comfortably rest under it, then counted as part of floor space
included: 1) litter pan if cleaned and sanitized
how many dogs or cats can be housed in the same primary enclosure?
not more than 12 adult non-conditioned cats
kittens under what age may not be housed in the same primary enclosure with adult cats, other than the dam or foster dam?
4 months
cage size requirement for dogs?
(length of dog in inches+6) squared /144
height requirement for dogs
6 in higher that the head of the tallest dog in the enclosure
Who must design and approve the exercise plan for dogs?
the AV in consultation with the IACUC
at what age are dogs required to be included in the exercise plan?
over 12 weeks of age
if a dog is housed, held or maintained at a facility without sensory contact with another dog, it must be provided with positve physical contact with humans at least how often?
daily
Are forced exercise methods acceptable to fulfill the exercise requirement for dogs?
No
How often must exemptions to the exercise rule for dogs be re-evaluated?
If a dog is exempt for certain health conditions or well-being, the AV can exempt for 30 days then review, unless the condition is permanent. If the exercise rule would be inappropriate based on the nature of the research activity, the IACUC must approve the exemption and review at least annually.
How often must dogs and cats be fed?
at least once daily
How often must dogs and cats be offered water?
no less than twice daily for at least 1 hour each time
how often must excreta and food waste be removed from dog and cat enclosures?
daily
How often must primary dog and cat enclosures and food and water receptacles be sanitized?
at least once every 2 weeks
What are acceptable methods for cleaning a primary enclosure for dogs and cats?
live steam under pressure
washing with hot water (at least 180F)
washing all soiled surfaces with appropriate detergent solutions and disinfectants
During transit, how often must the dog or cat primary enclosure be cleaned?
if animals are in transit for more than 24 hours, the enclosures must be cleaned and any litter replaced.
in regards to the primary enclosure for dogs and cats during transport, opening percentages if present on two walls
must be opposing walls, and 16% of the surface area of each wall, total combined surface area must be at least 14%
in regards to the primary enclosure for dogs and cats during transport, opening percentages if present on three walls
openings on each of the two opposing walls must be at least 8% of the total surface area, and 50% on the third wall, 14% of total surface area
in regards to the primary enclosure for dogs and cats during transport, opening percentages if present on four walls
at least 8% of the total surface area of each wall, 14% of total combined surface area.
in regards to the primary enclosure for dogs and cats during transport, placement of ventilation areas
at least one third must be located in the upper half of the enclosure
what is the size of the projecting rims around primary enclosure required and when are they not required?
0.75 in (1.9cm) and not required when the primary enclosure is permanently affixed to the conveyance
opening percentages for a permanently affixed primary enclosure
90% of the total area of the front wall must be covered with bars, wire mesh, or smooth expanded metal having air spaces, opening must open directly to an unobstructed aisle or passageway
how often must puppies and kittens (under 16 weeks of age) be offered food and water?
every 12 hours
How should the ambient temperature be measured outside a primary enclosure in a holding area?
at a point not more than 3 feet away from an outside wall of the primary enclosure, and approximately midway up the side of the enclosure.
For hamsters and guinea pigs: The ambient temperature shall not be allowed to fall below ___ nor to exceed ___
60F, 85F
When can guinea pigs be housed outdoors?
in an appropritate climate and prior approval from the Deputy Administrator
minimum floor space for guinea pigs
350g or nursing females with litters, 101 in2
minimum floor space for hamsters
minimum floor space for a nursing dwarf hamster
25in2
how often should guinea pigs and hamsters be fed?
daily
T/F: For guinea pigs and hamsters, food comprising the basic diet shall be at least equivalent in quality and content to pelleted rations produced commercially and commonly available from feed suppliers.
T
how often should guinea pig and hamster food receptacles be sanitized?
at least once every 2 weeks
how often should primary enclosures for guinea pigs and hamsters be sanitized?
at least once every 2 weeks or as often as necessary to preven accumulation of excreta or debris
by what method can guinea pig and hamster cages be cleaned
1) hot water (180F) and soap or detergent as in a mechanical cage washer,
2) washing all soiled surfaces with a detergent solution followed by a safe and effective disinfectant,
3) live steam
requirements for ventilation openings for guinea pig and hamster primary transport containers
1) if openings are located on two opposite walls of the primary enclosure and the ventilation openings on each wall shall be at least 16% of total surface area, or 2) if located on all 4 walls, each such wall shall be at least 8% of the total surface area.
3) one third of the total minimum area required for ventilation of the primary enclosure shall be located on the lower one half of the primary enclosure and at least one-third shall be located on the upper half of the primary enclosure.
how many live guinea pigs shall be transported in the same primary enclosure?
15
how many live hamsters shall be transported in the same primary enclosure?
50
what is the height requirement for guinea pig cages?
7inches
what is the height requirement for hamster cages?
6inches
what is the height requirement for a guinea pig transport cage?
6 in, up to 500g,
7in if over 500g
what are the minimum space requirements for a guinea pig transport cage?
> = 350g; 30
351-600; 45
what is the height requirement for a hamster transport cage?
6 in
dwarf hamsters, 5in
what are the minimum space requirements for a hamster transport cage?
10wks, 15
what must all not affixed primary conveyances for animals have written on them
marked in English on the top and on one or more sides with the words “Live Animals” in letters not less than 2.5cm (1in) in height with arrows to indicate the correct upright position of the container
at what temperature does auxillary ventilation need to be provided to guinea pigs and hamsters during transport?
75F
During transport of guinea pigs and hamsters, the ambient temperature within the animal cargo space shall not exceed ___ or fall below ___
85F, 45F
If live guinea pigs or hamsters are to be transported for a period of more than ____, the animals shall have access to food and water.
6 hrs
during transport to and from terminal facilities, what must be provided to the guinea pigs and hamsters and rabbits and what temperature shall they not be subjected to for a period longer than what?
in warm weather: sufficient shade, 85F for a period of more than 45min
in cold weather: transporting devices shall be covered if air temp falls below 50F, 45F for a period of more than 45 min
for rabbits when housed indoors, at what temperature should auxiliary ventilation be provided?
85F
for rabbits when housed outdoors, at what temperature should artificial cooling be provided by a sprinkler system or other means?
90F
for rabbits when housed outdoors, at what temperature should they be provided with access to shelter to allow them to remain dry?
40F
minimum floor space requriements for rabbits:
5.4,5
minimum floor space requirements for rabbits with litters
5.4, 7.5
how often should rabbits be fed?
at least once a day
how often should rabbit food receptacles be cleaned and sanitized?
at least every two weeks
In primary enclosures for rabbits shall be sanitized at least once every _____ ?
30 days
methods by which primary enclosures for rabbits can be cleaned?
1) washing with hot water (180F)
2) soap or detergent as in a mechanical cage washer
3) washing all soiled surfaces with a detergent solution followed by a safe and effective disinfectant
4) cleaning all soiled surfaces with live steam or flame.
during transport of rabbits: auxiliary ventilation, such as fans, blowers, or air conditioners, shall be used in any cargo space (or holding area) containing live rabbits when the ambient temperature is ___ or higher. The ambient temperature within the animal cargo space shall not exceed ___ or fall below _____.
75F, 85F,45F
If live rabbits are to be transported for a period of more than ______, they shall have access to food and water.
6 hours
how often must hard surfaces that come in contact with nonhuman primates be spot-cleaned?
daily
when nonhuman primates are housed in indoor facilities, the abient temperature in the facility must not fall below _____ for more than _______ when nonhuman primates are present, and must not rise above _____ for more than ________.
45F, 4 consecutive hours
85F, 4 consecutive hours
what are the height and distance requirements for the perimeter fence for nonhuman primates?
6ft high and 3 ft from the primary enclosure
example of group 1 primates
marmosets, tamarins, and infants
example of group 2 primates
capuchins, squirrel monkeys and juveniles
examples of group 3 primates
macaques and african species
examples of group 4 primates
male macaques and large african species
examples of group 5 primates
baboons and nonbrachiating species larger than 33lbs
examples of group 6 primates
great apes and brachiating species
weight, space, height requirements for group 1 primates
> 1kg, 1.6ft, 20in
weight, space, height requirements for group 2 primates
1-3kg, 3ft, 30in
weight, space, height requirements fro group 3 primates
3-10kg, 4.3ft, 30in
weight, space, height requirements for group 4 primates
10-15kg, 6ft, 32in
weight, space, height requirements for group 5 primates
15-25kg, 8ft, 36in
weight, space, height requirements for group 6 primates
over 25kg, 25.1ft, 84in
which group of nonhuman primates are required to have an additional volume of space?
great apes weighing over 50kg
how much floor space to infants kept with their mothers require?
none, mothers with infants less than 6 months of age may be maintained together in primary enclosures that meet the floor area space and height requirements of the mother.
an environmental enrichment plan for nonhuman primates should include what categories?
social grouping environmental enrichment special considerations restraint devices exemptions
which nonhuman primates require special considerations?
1) infants and young juveniles
2) those that show signs of being in psychological distress through behavior or appearance
3) those used in research for which the committee approved protocol requires restricted activity
4) individually housed nonhuman primates that are unable to see and hear others
5) great apes weighing over 110lbs
how often must adult nonhuman primates be fed?
at least once each day
how often must infant and juvenile nonhuman primates be fed?
as often as necessary in accordance with generally accepted professional and husbandry practices
during surface transportation, the ambient temperature inside a primary conveyance used to transport nonhuman primates must be maintained between ___ and ___ at all times a nonhuman primate is present.
45F, 85F
during transport, how often must each adult nonhuman primate be offered food? Each nonhuman primate less than 1 yr of age?
24 hrs, 12hrs
how are regulations for nonhuman primates different for temperature requirements between surface transportation and holding facilities.
both have a temp range of 45-85 but the holding area regs state for more than four consecutive hours and the surface transportation regs do not.
