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ACLAM study sets > Facility Design and Management > Flashcards

Facility Design and Management Flashcards

1
Q

define biosecurity

A

measures taken to detect, prevent, contain, and eradicate adventitious infections

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2
Q

define programming in terms of facility design

A

decision-making phase that defines the scope of the building project

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3
Q

what is in the program document in terms of facility design

A

describing in detail what research will be housed in the facility and its support requirements. ie space allocation summary, list of all square footage requirements

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4
Q

what are the pros and cons of a multi corridor system vs a single corridor system

A

multi cooridor system allows for better separation of clean and soiled materials but requires more space.

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5
Q

what are 4 types of animal housing areas?

A

conventional, quarantine, biocontainment, barrier

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6
Q

typical modular rodent room sizes

A

11ft x 22ft

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7
Q

what equipment should be fixed in an animal holding room?

A

sink, no casework, as open and flexible as possible

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8
Q

define barrier

A

refers to facilities and management practices designes to isolate animals from infectious agents

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9
Q

levels of barrier

A

typically at the cage level. if using open top caging, may be at room level, isolators

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10
Q

standard rodent cage capacity of rooms

A

500-800 cages equates to 250-400 sq ft

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11
Q

most common cubicle size

A

4ft deep x 6 ft wide

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12
Q

benefits of cubicles

A

allows greater separation of animals by pecies, source, microbiological status, project, and experimental hazards.

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13
Q

air distribution in cubicle set up

A

asile is positive to cubicle. air from cubicle enters when door open and can then be forced into other cubicles when pressure is restored.

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14
Q

NHPs are housed under what biohazard status

A

ABSL2

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15
Q

special componenets of NHP housing

A

entry vestibule, lights and fixtures designed and secured so that animals free in the room cannot damage them, trough drain system, hose bibs

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16
Q

slope of floor for ideal drainage

A

3/16in per foot from crown to floor trough. slope in trough 1/4in per foot to drain

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17
Q

size of drain

A

4in minimum, should be 6in if will be washing down waste

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18
Q

ratio of support space to animal housing space

A

30:70 to 70:30

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19
Q

engineering features required when dealing with hazardous materials

A

physical isolation of animals and waste, room surfaces are monolithic, sealed, and easily sanitized, use of BSCs or chemical hood, increased room air exchange rates to dilute contaminants, directional airflow, room pressure differentials

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20
Q

chemical hoods provide protection for what? personnel, product, neither, both?

A

personnel only

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21
Q

BSC Class II Type B2 provide protection for what? personnel, product, neither, both?

A

both

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22
Q

how long should caracaases and waste be allowed to decay before disposal into nonradioactive waste streams

A

10 half lives

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23
Q

define cleaning

A

removal of organic and nonorganic debris adhering to surfaces

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24
Q

define disinfection

A

reduces but does not eliminate microorganisms

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25
Q

define Sanitation

A

combination of cleaning and disinfection

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26
Q

define sterilization

A

eliminates all life forms

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27
Q

preferred method of sanitiation of cages and equipment

A

mechanical washers and water at temps in excess of 180F

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28
Q

describe the set up of a constant volume reheat type of HVAC system

A

CVR system draws in 100% fresh air, then filter, heat or cool, and humidify before distributing it within the facility. Conditioned air delivered to individual rooms at a constant temperature and humidity is then reheated to the desired temperature at the room level based on settings of rooms thermostat

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29
Q

describe the set up of a variable air volume system?

A

ventilation rates can be tailored to maintain desired environmental conditions

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30
Q

final particulate filters found on most vivarium air handles filter what?

A

to 85-95% dust spot efficiency

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31
Q

Filtering ability of HEPA filter

A

99.97% of 0.3um diameter particles

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32
Q

what systems are essential to have on emergency power?

A

ventilated caging, aquatic life support, environmental monitoring and security systems

33
Q

common air pressure differentials used

A

0.02-0.08 inches of water column

34
Q

air velocities in a room should not exceed what level, especially when not using filter top caging?

A

0.25m/s

35
Q

set point for rodent handling rooms?

A

72-72F

36
Q

which of the environmental parameters is the most challenging to maintain? the most important to maintain?

A

humidity

temperature

37
Q

acceptable daily temperature change

A

plus or minus 2F

38
Q

what is the intracage light intensity differential between cages at the top of the rack and those at the bottom?

A

80 fold difference

39
Q

recommendation for light intensity at cage level

A

between 130-325 lux.

40
Q

recommended max noise in animal facilities

A

85 dB

41
Q

at a minimum, which parameters should be continuously monitored

A

temperature and light periodicity

42
Q

in the event of a thermostat or heating system malfunction, the reheat coil should….

A

fail closed to prevent room overheating

43
Q

what is the relationship between MaE RH and ammonia

A

Higher MaE RH = higher MiE RH = earlier ammonia is detectable after cage change.

44
Q

why is ammonia not a concern when housing axenic or gnotobiotic animals?

A

flora is devoid of urease producing bacteria

45
Q

what is the standard acceptable level for MiE ammonia concentration

A

there is none but no more than 25ppm is the performance standard.

46
Q

benefits of static MI cages

A

good for containment of disease and hazards

47
Q

cons of static MI cages

A

microenvironment begins to deterioriate rapidly, requiring more frequent cage changes

48
Q

benefits of MI

A

better microenvironment less frequent cage changes, variability in MiE air quality is reduced or eliminated when compared to static cages, able to increase housing capacity- take up less space than static caging

49
Q

types of systems of IVCs for air exchange

A

perimeter capture, direct, indirect, combination

50
Q

ideal intracage ventilation rate

A

60ACH with cage change q 14 days

51
Q

air speed at locations that cage occupants would encounter

A

less than 50 linear feet per minute

52
Q

cons of IVCs

A

if high velocity, can lead to chilling, pheromone dilution esp with breeding mice

53
Q

additional condsiderations with IVC equipment

A

heat load, exhaust release, noise generation, power requirements and failure, vibration, blower maintenance and calibration, and sanitation

54
Q

sanitation frequency for IVC

A

no consensus

55
Q

most common type of mass air displacement device found in a lab animal facility

A

cage change station or isolator

56
Q

what type of air is supplied when using a MAD

A

Class 100 air, air that contains no more than 100 (0.5um particles or larger per cubic foot of air.

57
Q

Class 1 stations, use and protection provided?

A

bedding dump stations, personnel protection only

58
Q

Class II Type A, exhaust is handled how?

A

air is recirculated

59
Q

Class II Type B, exhaust is handled how?

A

hard ducted to the buildings exhaust.

60
Q

feed comes in to forms

A

pelleted and extruded

61
Q

natural diets come in two forms

A

open and closed

62
Q

define a closed diet

A

individual components of the diet are not provided but a guaranteed analysis is

63
Q

what is an open formula diet

A

manufactured in accordance with an established known ingredient formulation

64
Q

define purified diet

A

formulated from refined ingredients

65
Q

define chemically defined diets

A

formulated from chemically pure compounds

66
Q

when might you use a purified or chemically defined diet and what is one of the main drawbacks?

A

when you are altering the nutritional content or need to alter a specific dietary component. typically less palatable than natural ingredient diets.

67
Q

ways to sterilize food

A

autoclave and gamma irridiation

68
Q

define certified feeds

A

analyzed and certified to contain not more than the established maximum level of environmental contaminants, including heavy metals, chlorinated hydrocarbons, organoposphates, aflatoxins.

69
Q

storage conditions for natural ingredient diets

A

70C 50% humidity

70
Q

ways to disinfect large quantities of water, ie aquatic systems

A

UV or ozone

71
Q

additives for rodent drinking water

A

hydrochloric acid, chlorine

72
Q

ideal pH for using acidification for purification

A

2.5-3

73
Q

ideal ppm of chlorine for hyperchlorination for purification

A

0.5-10ppm (6-8 ideal but should be less than 10)

74
Q

the bottom shelf of rodent racks should be no less than ____ off the floor

A

6in

75
Q

what are the four plastics used for rodent caging

A

polycarbonate, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyethylene

76
Q

what plastic for rodent caging is the most durable

A

polycarbonate

77
Q

what plastic for rodent caging is the most cost effective

A

polystyrene

78
Q

what plastic for rodent caging is disposable

A

polyethylene

ACLAM study sets (22 decks)

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