Guide questions Flashcards
define engineering standard
a standard or guideline that specifies in detail a method, technology, or technique for achieving a desired outcome. They are prescriptive and provide limited flexibility for implementation.
define performance standard
a standard or guideline that, while describing a desired outcome, provides flexibility in achieving this outcome by granting discretion to those responsible and the IACUC.
define practice standard
application of professional judgment by qualified, experienced individuals to a task or process over time
define policies
commonly derive from a public agency or private entity. generally practical statements of collective wisdom, convention, management direction that are internal to the entity.
define principles
broader in scope and intended application, accepted generalizations about a topic that are frequently endorsed by many and diverse organizations
define procedures
detailed, step by step processes meant to ensure the consistent application of institutional practices
define animal care and use program
comprises all activities conducted by and at an institution that have a direct impact on the well-being of animals, including animal and veterinary care, policies and procedures, personnel and program management and oversight, occupational health and safety, institutional animal care and use committee functions and animal facility design and management.
who has the primary oversight responsibiliites for the animal care and use program?
IO, AV, IACUC
describe the authority of the IO
authority to allocate the resources needed to ensure the program’s overall effectiveness
describe the authority of the AV
sufficient authority, including access to all animals, and resources to manage the program of veterinary care. The AV should also oversee other aspects of animal care and use to ensure that the Program complies with the Guide
describe the authority of the IACUC
assessment and oversight of the institutions program components and facilities.
who is responsible for providing appropriate resources to support personnel training to both animal care staff and the research team?
institutions
who is responsible for providing oversight and for evaluating the effectiveness of the training program?
the IACUC
what are the essentail components of any training program?
1) animal care and use legislation
2) IACUC functions
3) ethics of animal use and the concepts of the 3Rs
4) methods for reporting animal use concerns
5) occupational health and safety concerns related to animal work
what are the areas and levels of responsibility for an occupational health and safety plan?
1) hazard identification and risk assessment
2) control and prevention strategies
to include design and engineering controls, process or administrative controls, then PPE
according to the guide, the IACUC committee should consist of:
1) doctor of veterinary medicine
2) at least one practicing scientist experienced in research involving animals
3) at least one member from a nonscientific background, drawn from inside or outside the institution
4) at least one public member to represent general community interests
what three factors should be considered when developing a protocol that involves food and/or water restriction?
1) necessary level of restriction
2) potential adverse consequences of restriction
3) methods for assessing the health and well-being of the animals, should be weighed once weekly
when using non pharmaceutical grade chemicals, what factors should be considered?
grade purity sterility pH pyrogenicity osmolality stability site and route of administration formulation compatibility pharmacokinetics
what is the thermoneutral zone for mice?
26-34C
what is the thermoneutral zone for rats?
26-30C
what is the thermoneutral zone for gerbils?
28-32C
what is the thermoneutral zone for rabbits?
15-20C
what it the thermoneutral zone for dogs?
20-25C
what is the thermoneutral zone for nonhuman primates?
depends on species
what are some factors that contribute to variation in temperature and humidity between and within enclosures?
housing design, construction material, use of filter tops, enrichment devices, number-age-type-size of the animals in the enclosure, forced ventilation, type and frequency of contact bedding changes
when selecting a housing temperature, what factor(s) should be considered?
room temp should be below the lower critical threshold of the thermoneutral zone. This helps to prevent heat stress. To help with cold stress, nesting material and enrichment should be provided.
what is the recommended housing temp for mouse, rat, hamster, gerbil, guinea pig?
20-26C (68-79F)
what is the recommend housing temp for rabbits?
16-22C (61-72F)
what is the recommended housing temp for cats, dogs, and nonhuman primates
18-29C (64-84F)
what is the recommended housing temp for farm animals and poultry?
16-27C (61-81F)
what is the acceptable range of relative humidity for most mamallian species?
30-70%
if exhaust air is recycled in animal rooms, how should it be treated before reentering an animal room?
filtered, at minimum, with 85-95% ASHRAE efficient filters
what light level is deemed sufficient for animal care and does not cause clinical signs of phototoxic retinopathy in albin rats?
325 lux (30ft candles) aprox 1m above the floor
albino rats prefer what light intensity?
less than 25 lux
for animals that have been shown to be susceptible to phototoxic retinopathy, light should be between _____ and ______ in the room at cage level?
130-325 lux
what are some of the complications to high decible sounds seen in animals?
eosinopenia, increased adrenal gland weights, reduced fertility in rodents, increased blood pressure in nonhuman primates
exposure to sound louder than ____ can have both auditory and nonauditory effects
85dB
define certified diet
assayed for contaminants
define purified diet
refined such that each ingredient contains a single nutrient or nutirent class
chemically defined diet
contain the most elemental ingredients available such as individual amino acids and specific sugars.
what is the recommended storage temperature for natural ingredient diets
less than 21C and below 50% humidity
purified and chemically defined diets should be stored at what temp?
4C or lower
paper bedding can lead to what condition in nude mice?
periorbita, abscesses
cotton nestlets can lead to what condition in nude mice?
conjunctivitis
cedar shavings are not recommended for what reason?
they emit aromatic hydrocarbons that induce hepatic microsomal enzymes and cytotoxicity
to what does the life support system refer to when talking about aquatic systems?
the physical structure used to contain the water and the animals as well as the ancillary equipment used to move and/or treat the water
what are the three general categories of life support systems seen in aquatic systems?
recirculating, flow-through, or static
housing density for adult zebrafish
5 adult fish per liter of water
housing density for adult xenopus
2 liters of water per frog
define animal biosecurity program
all measures taken to identify, contain, prevent, and eradicate known or unknown infections that may cause clinical disease or alter physiologic and behavioral responses or otherwise make the animals unsuitable for research.
define quarantine
separation of newly received animals from those already in the facility, in a way that prevents potential spread of contaminants
recommeded corridor width
6-8ft
recommended door size
42x84in
recommended size of drain pipes
4in, 6in if in agricultural animal facilities
what are the required areas of a surgical facility
surgical support animal preparation surgeon scrub operating room post op recovery
because of the boil off of this gas and the risk of asphyxiation, rooms with MR scanners must be equipped with what gas sensors and a method to increasing ventilation is required.
cryogen gas, oxygen sensors
list some materials that are recommended for flooring
epoxy resins, sealed concrete, methyl methacrylate, polyurethane, hardened rubber base aggregates
what is the recommended size for drainpipies
4in or 6in in ag facilities
