GI Pathology

Question 1

T/F: Oral manifestations of GI disease can persist after the disease is resolved.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

What are some conditions that can cause salivary gland lesions?

Answer 2

1. Sialoliths
2. Mumps
3. Sarcoidosis
4. Sjogren syndrome

Question 3

_________ is an autoimmune disease often affecting 30-40 year old women.

Answer 3

Sjorgen syndrome

Question 4

Patients with Sjorgen syndrome are at a 40x risk for __________.

Answer 4

lymphoma

Question 5

Which salivary gland is most likely to develop a tumor?

Answer 5

Parotid

Question 6

T/F: Mucoepidermoid carcinoma is a benign tumor of the salivary gland.

Answer 6

False

Most common Malignant SG gland tumor

Question 7

T/F: Pleomorphic adenoma and Warthin tumor are both benign tumors of the parotid glands.

Answer 7

True

Question 8

Esophageal _______ result due to portal hypertension.

Answer 8

varices

seen in many cirrhotic patients

Question 9

What intrinsic property can cause esophagitis?

Answer 9

Reflux (GERD)

Question 10

What could be expected from a patient with enamel loss on the lingual/palatal surfaces?

Answer 10

GERD

Question 11

Only __ of all GI cancer is malignant.

Answer 11

8%

Adenocarcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma

Question 12

What esophageal neoplasm is most likely to affect black males with smoking and alcohol use?

Answer 12

Squamous cell carcinoma

Question 13

What makes adenocarcinoma (Barrett’s esophagus so deadly?

Answer 13

Often detected at very late stage

Question 14

T/F: Most esophageal adenocarcinomas occur in the mid 1/3 of the esophagus.

Answer 14

False

SCC = middle third

Adeno = lower third

Question 15

Which type of esophageal cancer is associated with GERD?

Answer 15

Adenocarcinoma

Question 16

T/F: There can be long term autoimmune defects with chronic gastritis.

Answer 16

True

Question 17

What is the cause of 90% of chronic gastritis?

Answer 17

Infection (Helicobacter pylori)

Question 18

What is the pathology of chronic gastritis?

Answer 18

1. Atrophic epithelium
2. Chronic inflammation
3. Intestinal metaplasia

Question 19

Describe how peptic ulcers are formed?

Answer 19

The contents of the stomach/intestine become too acidic and overcome the bodies defenses (mucous, bicarbonate, etc.) thus causing damage to the epithelium

Question 20

Celiac disease involves a _______ allergy and will cause malabsorption diarrhea.

Answer 20

gluten

Question 21

What is the morphology of gluten sensitivity?

Answer 21

Blunted villi or inflammatory infiltrate

Question 22

Deficiency in iron, pyridoxine, folate or B12 can lead to _____.

Answer 22

anemia

Question 23

Deficiancy in Cca, Mg, Vit D and protein absorption can lead to ______.

Answer 23

osteopenia, tetany

Question 24

Deficiencies in vitamins A and B12 can lead to _________.

Answer 24

peripheral neuropathy

Question 25

If a patient comes too you with a bald, reddish tongue and complains of burning sensation he may have an _______ deficiency.

Answer 25

iron

Question 26

T/F: There are villi in the colon.

Answer 26

False

Question 27

What is a colon polyp?

Answer 27

An extension of tissue into the lumen

Question 28

What is the most important predictor of malignant change in an adenoma of the colon?

Answer 28

Size

Question 29

T/F: In a patient with FAP, untreated polyposis will often heal itself.

Answer 29

FALSE Untreated will lead to 100% risk of cancer

Question 30

What is Gardner syndrome?

Answer 30

FAP with additional features - epidermoid cysts, jaw osteomas, supernumerary/unerupted teeth

Question 31

If you see an older patient with osteomas and delayed tooth eruption what should you be concerned with?

Answer 31

FAP and Gardner syndrome Screen for bowel disease

Question 32

_______ syndrome involves intussusception of the GI tract.

Answer 32

Peutz-Jeghers

Question 33

Peutz-Jeghers syndrome is precancerous.

Answer 33

No but greater risk for GI adenocarcinoma

Question 34

Non-UV related freckling of the skin, especially around the nose, lips, and buccal mucosa is a sign of ________.

Answer 34

Peutz-Jeghers syndrome

Question 35

________ involves inflammation of any portion of the GI tract.

Answer 35

Crohn disease

Question 36

________ involves inflammation of the colon and rectum only.

Answer 36

Ulcerative colitis

Question 37

T/F: Oral cavity involvement is frequently seen with ulcerative colitis.

Answer 37

False Often seen with Crohn disease

Question 38

"Skip lesions" are involved with ________.

Answer 38

Crohn disease

Question 39

Lesions in _______ are continuous pseudo-polyps.

Answer 39

ulcerative colitis

Question 40

What makes up the majority of malignant stomach tumors?

Answer 40

Adenocarcinoma

Question 41

Gastric carcinoma often metastasizes to ________.

Answer 41

Virchow's node

Question 42

What is the most common malignancy in the GI tract?

Answer 42

Colon adenocarcinoma

Question 43

Colon adenocarcinoma accounts for ____ of all cancer deaths in the USA.

Answer 43

15%

Question 44

What are the two most important diagnostic indicators for colon adenocarcinoma?

Answer 44

1. Depth of invasion | 2. Lymph node metastasis

Question 45

What type of diet is a risk factor for colorectal cancer?

Answer 45

High-fat, low-fiber

Question 46

T/F: FAP and inflammatory bowel disease can predispose patients to colorectal cancer.

Answer 46

True

Question 47

What is the "TNM" classification for colorectal cancer?

Answer 47

T: depth of Tumor N: lymph Node M: Metastasis

Question 48

T/F: Colon cancer with a higher stage is associated with lower survival.

Answer 48

True

Question 49

T/F: Most people with Barrett esophagus develop esophageal tumors.

Answer 49

False Increased risk but still rare

Question 50

What are the diagnostic features of Barrett esophagus?

Answer 50

1. Abnormal mucosa above gastro-epithelial junction | 2. Intestinal metaplasia

Question 51

"Cobblestone" ulcers are associated with ________.

Answer 51

Crohn disease

Question 52

T/F: UC and Crohn disease are more frequent in women and young adults/teens.

Answer 52

True

Question 53

T/F: UC and Crohn disease are both autoimmune disorders.

Answer 53

False Idiopathic