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AU17: Gen Pathology > GI Pathology > Flashcards

GI Pathology Flashcards

1
Q

T/F: Oral manifestations of GI disease can persist after the disease is resolved.

A

True

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2
Q

What are some conditions that can cause salivary gland lesions?

A
  1. Sialoliths
  2. Mumps
  3. Sarcoidosis
  4. Sjogren syndrome
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3
Q

_________ is an autoimmune disease often affecting 30-40 year old women.

A

Sjorgen syndrome

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4
Q

Patients with Sjorgen syndrome are at a 40x risk for __________.

A

lymphoma

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5
Q

Which salivary gland is most likely to develop a tumor?

A

Parotid

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6
Q

T/F: Mucoepidermoid carcinoma is a benign tumor of the salivary gland.

A

False

Most common Malignant SG gland tumor

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7
Q

T/F: Pleomorphic adenoma and Warthin tumor are both benign tumors of the parotid glands.

A

True

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8
Q

Esophageal _______ result due to portal hypertension.

A

varices

seen in many cirrhotic patients

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9
Q

What intrinsic property can cause esophagitis?

A

Reflux (GERD)

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10
Q

What could be expected from a patient with enamel loss on the lingual/palatal surfaces?

A

GERD

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11
Q

Only __ of all GI cancer is malignant.

A

8%

Adenocarcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma

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12
Q

What esophageal neoplasm is most likely to affect black males with smoking and alcohol use?

A

Squamous cell carcinoma

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13
Q

What makes adenocarcinoma (Barrett’s esophagus so deadly?

A

Often detected at very late stage

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14
Q

T/F: Most esophageal adenocarcinomas occur in the mid 1/3 of the esophagus.

A

False

SCC = middle third

Adeno = lower third

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15
Q

Which type of esophageal cancer is associated with GERD?

A

Adenocarcinoma

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16
Q

T/F: There can be long term autoimmune defects with chronic gastritis.

A

True

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17
Q

What is the cause of 90% of chronic gastritis?

A

Infection (Helicobacter pylori)

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18
Q

What is the pathology of chronic gastritis?

A
  1. Atrophic epithelium
  2. Chronic inflammation
  3. Intestinal metaplasia
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19
Q

Describe how peptic ulcers are formed?

A

The contents of the stomach/intestine become too acidic and overcome the bodies defenses (mucous, bicarbonate, etc.) thus causing damage to the epithelium

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20
Q

Celiac disease involves a _______ allergy and will cause malabsorption diarrhea.

A

gluten

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21
Q

What is the morphology of gluten sensitivity?

A

Blunted villi or inflammatory infiltrate

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22
Q

Deficiency in iron, pyridoxine, folate or B12 can lead to _____.

A

anemia

23
Q

Deficiancy in Cca, Mg, Vit D and protein absorption can lead to ______.

A

osteopenia, tetany

24
Q

Deficiencies in vitamins A and B12 can lead to _________.

A

peripheral neuropathy

25
Q

If a patient comes too you with a bald, reddish tongue and complains of burning sensation he may have an _______ deficiency.

A

iron

26
Q

T/F: There are villi in the colon.

A

False

27
Q

What is a colon polyp?

A

An extension of tissue into the lumen

28
Q

What is the most important predictor of malignant change in an adenoma of the colon?

A

Size

29
Q

T/F: In a patient with FAP, untreated polyposis will often heal itself.

A

FALSE

Untreated will lead to 100% risk of cancer

30
Q

What is Gardner syndrome?

A

FAP with additional features - epidermoid cysts, jaw osteomas, supernumerary/unerupted teeth

31
Q

If you see an older patient with osteomas and delayed tooth eruption what should you be concerned with?

A

FAP and Gardner syndrome

Screen for bowel disease

32
Q

_______ syndrome involves intussusception of the GI tract.

A

Peutz-Jeghers

33
Q

Peutz-Jeghers syndrome is precancerous.

A

No

but greater risk for GI adenocarcinoma

34
Q

Non-UV related freckling of the skin, especially around the nose, lips, and buccal mucosa is a sign of ________.

A

Peutz-Jeghers syndrome

35
Q

________ involves inflammation of any portion of the GI tract.

A

Crohn disease

36
Q

________ involves inflammation of the colon and rectum only.

A

Ulcerative colitis

37
Q

T/F: Oral cavity involvement is frequently seen with ulcerative colitis.

A

False

Often seen with Crohn disease

38
Q

“Skip lesions” are involved with ________.

A

Crohn disease

39
Q

Lesions in _______ are continuous pseudo-polyps.

A

ulcerative colitis

40
Q

What makes up the majority of malignant stomach tumors?

A

Adenocarcinoma

41
Q

Gastric carcinoma often metastasizes to ________.

A

Virchow’s node

42
Q

What is the most common malignancy in the GI tract?

A

Colon adenocarcinoma

43
Q

Colon adenocarcinoma accounts for ____ of all cancer deaths in the USA.

A

15%

44
Q

What are the two most important diagnostic indicators for colon adenocarcinoma?

A
  1. Depth of invasion

2. Lymph node metastasis

45
Q

What type of diet is a risk factor for colorectal cancer?

A

High-fat, low-fiber

46
Q

T/F: FAP and inflammatory bowel disease can predispose patients to colorectal cancer.

A

True

47
Q

What is the “TNM” classification for colorectal cancer?

A

T: depth of Tumor
N: lymph Node
M: Metastasis

48
Q

T/F: Colon cancer with a higher stage is associated with lower survival.

A

True

49
Q

T/F: Most people with Barrett esophagus develop esophageal tumors.

A

False

Increased risk but still rare

50
Q

What are the diagnostic features of Barrett esophagus?

A
  1. Abnormal mucosa above gastro-epithelial junction

2. Intestinal metaplasia

51
Q

“Cobblestone” ulcers are associated with ________.

A

Crohn disease

52
Q

T/F: UC and Crohn disease are more frequent in women and young adults/teens.

A

True

53
Q

T/F: UC and Crohn disease are both autoimmune disorders.

A

False

Idiopathic

AU17: Gen Pathology (22 decks)

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