GI Pathology Flashcards
T/F: Oral manifestations of GI disease can persist after the disease is resolved.
True
What are some conditions that can cause salivary gland lesions?
- Sialoliths
- Mumps
- Sarcoidosis
- Sjogren syndrome
_________ is an autoimmune disease often affecting 30-40 year old women.
Sjorgen syndrome
Patients with Sjorgen syndrome are at a 40x risk for __________.
lymphoma
Which salivary gland is most likely to develop a tumor?
Parotid
T/F: Mucoepidermoid carcinoma is a benign tumor of the salivary gland.
False
Most common Malignant SG gland tumor
T/F: Pleomorphic adenoma and Warthin tumor are both benign tumors of the parotid glands.
True
Esophageal _______ result due to portal hypertension.
varices
seen in many cirrhotic patients
What intrinsic property can cause esophagitis?
Reflux (GERD)
What could be expected from a patient with enamel loss on the lingual/palatal surfaces?
GERD
Only __ of all GI cancer is malignant.
8%
Adenocarcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma
What esophageal neoplasm is most likely to affect black males with smoking and alcohol use?
Squamous cell carcinoma
What makes adenocarcinoma (Barrett’s esophagus so deadly?
Often detected at very late stage
T/F: Most esophageal adenocarcinomas occur in the mid 1/3 of the esophagus.
False
SCC = middle third
Adeno = lower third
Which type of esophageal cancer is associated with GERD?
Adenocarcinoma
T/F: There can be long term autoimmune defects with chronic gastritis.
True
What is the cause of 90% of chronic gastritis?
Infection (Helicobacter pylori)
What is the pathology of chronic gastritis?
- Atrophic epithelium
- Chronic inflammation
- Intestinal metaplasia
Describe how peptic ulcers are formed?
The contents of the stomach/intestine become too acidic and overcome the bodies defenses (mucous, bicarbonate, etc.) thus causing damage to the epithelium
Celiac disease involves a _______ allergy and will cause malabsorption diarrhea.
gluten
What is the morphology of gluten sensitivity?
Blunted villi or inflammatory infiltrate
Deficiency in iron, pyridoxine, folate or B12 can lead to _____.
anemia
Deficiancy in Cca, Mg, Vit D and protein absorption can lead to ______.
osteopenia, tetany
Deficiencies in vitamins A and B12 can lead to _________.
peripheral neuropathy
If a patient comes too you with a bald, reddish tongue and complains of burning sensation he may have an _______ deficiency.
iron
T/F: There are villi in the colon.
False
What is a colon polyp?
An extension of tissue into the lumen
What is the most important predictor of malignant change in an adenoma of the colon?
Size
T/F: In a patient with FAP, untreated polyposis will often heal itself.
FALSE
Untreated will lead to 100% risk of cancer
What is Gardner syndrome?
FAP with additional features - epidermoid cysts, jaw osteomas, supernumerary/unerupted teeth
If you see an older patient with osteomas and delayed tooth eruption what should you be concerned with?
FAP and Gardner syndrome
Screen for bowel disease
_______ syndrome involves intussusception of the GI tract.
Peutz-Jeghers
Peutz-Jeghers syndrome is precancerous.
No
but greater risk for GI adenocarcinoma
Non-UV related freckling of the skin, especially around the nose, lips, and buccal mucosa is a sign of ________.
Peutz-Jeghers syndrome
________ involves inflammation of any portion of the GI tract.
Crohn disease
________ involves inflammation of the colon and rectum only.
Ulcerative colitis
T/F: Oral cavity involvement is frequently seen with ulcerative colitis.
False
Often seen with Crohn disease
“Skip lesions” are involved with ________.
Crohn disease
Lesions in _______ are continuous pseudo-polyps.
ulcerative colitis
What makes up the majority of malignant stomach tumors?
Adenocarcinoma
Gastric carcinoma often metastasizes to ________.
Virchow’s node
What is the most common malignancy in the GI tract?
Colon adenocarcinoma
Colon adenocarcinoma accounts for ____ of all cancer deaths in the USA.
15%
What are the two most important diagnostic indicators for colon adenocarcinoma?
- Depth of invasion
2. Lymph node metastasis
What type of diet is a risk factor for colorectal cancer?
High-fat, low-fiber
T/F: FAP and inflammatory bowel disease can predispose patients to colorectal cancer.
True
What is the “TNM” classification for colorectal cancer?
T: depth of Tumor
N: lymph Node
M: Metastasis
T/F: Colon cancer with a higher stage is associated with lower survival.
True
T/F: Most people with Barrett esophagus develop esophageal tumors.
False
Increased risk but still rare
What are the diagnostic features of Barrett esophagus?
- Abnormal mucosa above gastro-epithelial junction
2. Intestinal metaplasia
“Cobblestone” ulcers are associated with ________.
Crohn disease
T/F: UC and Crohn disease are more frequent in women and young adults/teens.
True
T/F: UC and Crohn disease are both autoimmune disorders.
False
Idiopathic
