GI 3 Flashcards
what is the cephalic phase in regards to reflexes
long reflexes beginning in the brain
where does parasympathetic output come from and go to in the cephalic phase
comes from medulla
goes to salivary glands and ENS (vagus nerve)
what stimulates the vagal reflex
activation of the vagus nerve by parasympathetic input
what is mechanical digestion called
mastication
what kind of section is saliva
exocrine secretion
how much saliva do we produce a day
1.5 L
what are clusters of secretory cells called
acini
what do serous cells produce
water medium
whats in produced by parotid gland
watery solution (serous cells) with amylase
whats is secreted by the sublingual gland
mostly mucus
what is secreted by the submandibular gland
water solution + amylase
but with some mucus
what are some solutes found in saliva
K+ HCO3-
what control are the glands primarily under
parasympathetic
what Is swallowing called
deglutition
is swallowing voluntary or involuntary
voluntary
what pressure is needed to swallow
pressure against the soft palate and back of mouth
what part of esophagus is controlled by parasympathetic input
lower 2/3
what closes the entrance to the trachea during deglutition
epiglottis
whats the “swallowing centre”
medulla
what kind of input to the pharynx and upper esophagus during deglutition
somatic motor
wats the opening to the trachea
larynx
what is heartburn called
gastroesophageal reflux disease
what is not a true anatomical sphincter
lower esophagus sphincter
what can cause esophagus to expand and draw acid and pepsin in from the stomach
negative intrapleural pressure
