GERMANY Flashcards
What does “Hock” mean?
- An English term since 1800s used to indicate wines from the middle Rhine which later became the generic term for German wines. - By the end of 1800s “Mossele” evolved as a distinct category than the generic Hock.
When was Phylloxera discovered in Germany?
1872
What was the outcome of the Flurbereiningung campaign?
Consolidation of parcels of land divided by successive generations. Many of the old terraces critical to winegrowing were eliminated to make room for the increasing Muller-Thurgau plantings.
What does Amtliche Prufungsnummer mean?
“Official exam number” consisting of 5 sets of digits.
- the location of the examination board
- the village in which the wine was produced
- the producer
- the unique number of the bottling
- the year in which the wine was tasted (typically 1 calendar year after the harvest)
What is the minimum size for single vineyards in Germany?
5 hectares with a few exceptions:
- Forster Kirchenstuck - Pfalz
- Bernkasteler Doctor - Middle Mosel
- Kiedricher Turmberg - Rheingau
- Schloss Vollards - Rheingau
What does the term Feinherb indicate on a German wine label?
Indicates a a slightly off-dry style;
no legal definition
What does “geschutzte Ursprungsbezeichnung” mean?
Protected designation of origin
What are the 4 German Wine categories?
- Wein (Deutscher Wein if produced from 100% German grapes)
- Landwein (8.5% min alcohol level)
- Qualitatswein (7% min alcohol level)
- Pradikatswein (min 7% abv for Kabinett, Spatlese and Auslese; min 5.5% abv for Beerenauslese, Eiswein and Trockenbeerenauslese)
What are the minimum must weights for Pradikatswein ?
- Kabinett 70 - 85 oechsle
- Spatlese 76 - 95 oechsle
- Auslese 83 - 105 oechsle
- Beernauslese 110 - 128 oechsle
- Eiswein 110 - 128 oechsle
- Trockenbeerenauslese 150 - 154 oechsle
What does VDP stand for?
Verband Deutscher Pradikatsweinguter - an association of German producers dedicated to high quality wines made from representative varieties for each region with the aim of preserving the sense of place.
What are the requirements for the VDP membership?
- higher minimum must weights than the German law
- lower maximum yields than the German law permits
- all wines must be estate grown
- must cultivate a minimum of 80% traditional grapes
- VDP prohibits the usage of Gorsslagen on the label
- mandatory presence of the logo (Traubenadler)
When was VDP founded? How was it initially called?
1910
Verband Deutscher Naturweinversteigerer - Natur referring to unchaptalized wines.
What are the 4 different tiers in VDP? What are the maximum yields for each tier?
- Gutswein - regional tier - 75hl/ha
- Ortswein - village tier - 75 hl/ha
- Erste Lage - premier cru - 60hl/ha
- Grosse Lage - grand cru - 50hl/ha
What is Gutswein?
The first tier in the VDP classification; the only statement of origin on the label is the Anbaugebiete is coming from
What is Ortswein?
The second tier in the VDP classification denoting wines made from multiple vineyards within the same village that are typically labeled with the village name and/or a statement of soil like: Kalkstein (limestone), Blauen Schiefer (blue slate) or Buntsandstein (red sandstone).
What is Erste Lage?
The third tier in the VDP classification often traditionally labeled with the vineyard name preceded by the village name.
What is Grosse Lage?
The forth and the highest tier in the VDP classification which are labeled solely with the vineyard name.
What does the term Grosses Gewachs (GG) mean?
- a dry wine from a Grosse Lage vineyard
- must be minimum Spatlese level at harvest
- max 9 grams/l RS - must carry GG on the label
- the whites can be released only after 1st September of the year after the harvest
- the reds must age an additional year with 12 months in wood
Can Pradikat levels be used on VDP wines labels?
Yes, but are reserved for sweet wines. “Spatlese trocken” and “Auslese trocken” no longer appear on dry wine labels.
When can Pradikatswein Grosse Lage be released?
As early as 1st of May the year following the harvest.
Is chaptalization allowed in VDP wines?
Legally yes. It is routinely practiced with the Spatburgunder.
In which Anbaugebiete doesn’t exist the “Erste Lage” category?
Mosel, Ahr and Rheinhessen.
What is the most planted grape in Germany?
Riesling
What are the sizes of Stuck, Doppelstuck and Halbstuck?
- Stuck - 1200 liters
- Doppelstuck - 2400 liters
- Halbstuck - 600 liters
What is the second most planted grape in Germany?
Muller-Thurgau. It was a very important component in Liebfraumilch and other low-end products.
What are the parents of Muller-Thurgau?
Riesling x Madeleine Royale.
What is Fruhburgunder?
A rare specialty of Germany. A natural mutation genetically identical to Pinot Noir with thicker skins and 2 weeks earlier ripening giving a wine with darker color, more fruit expression and lower acidity. Known in France as Pinot Noir Precoce.
What is the most planted red grape in Germany?
Spatburgunder (Pinot Noir). 50% of the plantings are in Baden.
What is the second most planted red grape in Germany?
Dornfelder (Helfensteiner x Heroldrebe). Is thick skinned, producing darker and fuller style than the Spatburgunder.
What is the synonym for Grauburgunder in Baden?
Rulander, often used for Botrytized styles.
Which river flows through Baden separating it from Alsace?
The Rhine river.
What does a golden capsule mean on a Mosel or Rheingau bottle?
It indicates a higher level of sweetness and distinction. If the golden capsule is longer (lange Goldkapsule) it indicates an even rarer and special selection.
What other symbol apart from the golden capsule is used in Mosel to distinguish reserve bottles?
Stars. *, **, ***
Explain the terms “Classic” and “Selection” in Germany.
Classic
- harmoniously dry wines
- max 15 grams RS per liter
- single varietal without mentioning the vineyard on the label
- min 12% alcohol (11.5% in Mosel)
Selection
- max 9 grams RS per liter (12 grams for Riesling)
- released after 1st of September 1 year after harvest
- must weight needs to be equal to Auslese (83-105)
- min 12.2% alcohol
- max yields 60 hl/ha
- hand harvested
- single variety from single vineyards
What do the terms “Gustabfullung” and “Erzeugerabfullung” mean?
German term for Estate-Bottled.
What does the term “Abfuller” mean?
German term for commercial winery.
Which region in Germany is associated with Silvaner?
Franken.
What are the four types of Silvaner varieties?
Gruner
Blauer
Roter
Gelber
How is Pinot Blanc in Germany called? What are the main regions for it?
Weissburgunder. Baden and Pfalz.
How is Blaufrankisch called in Germany and where is it mainly grown?
Lamberger. In Wurttemberg
What are the parents of Scheurebe? What are the main regions for it?
Riesling x Bukettrebe. Rheinhessen and Pfalz.
How is Pinot Meunier called in Germany?
Schwarzriesling.
Which producer is accredited with producing the first Spatlese?
Schloss Johannisberg.
How many Bereichen in Rheingau?
1 only, Johannisberg.
What does the term Erstes Gewachs mean?
Legally defined term by the German Wine Law denoting dry Riesling or Spatburgunder from selected vineyards in Rheingau.
Give 2 monopoles in Rheingau.
- Schloss Johannisberg - Schloss Johannisberg
- Hattenheimer Steinberger - Kloster Eberbach
- Hattenheimer Pfaffenberg - Schloss Schonborn
- Rauenthaler Nonnenberg - Georg Breuer
- Schloss Vollrads - Schloss Vollrads
Name 3 Einzellage in Rudesheim, Rheingau.
Berg Rottland
Berg Roseneck
Berg Schlossberg
Name 3 Einzellage in Hochheim, Rheingau
- Holle
- Kirchenstuck
- Domdechaney
Which river flows near the village of Hochheim in Rheingau?
The Main river.
Where is Hollenberg and what is it famous for?
Is an Einzellage in Assmannhausen, Rheingau. Famous for Spatburgunder. August Kesseler is a very good producer.
Name 5 Gemeinden (villages) in Rheingau.
- Lorch
- Assmannhausen
- Rudesheim
- Geisenheim
- Johannisberg
- Winkel
- Oestrich
- Hallgarten
- Hattenheim
- Erbach
- Kiedrich
- Eltville
- Rauenthal
- Martinsthal
- Walluf
- Hocheim am Main
- Wicker
Name 2 Einzellage in Johannisberg, Rheingau.
- Schloss Johannisberg
- Hölle
- Klaus
Name 3 Einzellage in Winkel, Rheingau.
- Schloss Vollrads
- Gutenberg
- Hasensprung
- Jesuitengarten
Name 3 Einzellage in Hattenheim, Rheingau.
- Pfaffenberg (monopole of Schloss Schonborn)
- Mannberg
- Steinberg (monopole of Kloster Eberbach)
- Hassel
- Engelmannsberg
- Wisselbrunnen
What does “alleinbesitz” mean?
Monopole
Name 2 Einzellage in Halgarten, Rheingau.
- Schönhell
- Jungfer
Name 1 Einzellage in Kiedrich, Rheingau.
- Gräfenberg (Robert Weil is a very good producer)
- Sandgrub
- Wasseros
Where can we find the steepest slopes in Rheingau?
Rudesheim, Berg Schlossberg is at 70% grade.
Which mountain range is situated East from the Rhein river?
Taunus Mountain Range.
Name 1 Einzellage in Erbach, Rheingau.
- Marcobrunn
- Siegelsberg
- Steinmorgen
- Michelmark
- Hohenrain
Name 1 Einzellage in Eltville, Rheingau.
- Rheinberg
- Taubenberg
- Langenstuck
- Sonnenberg
What is Charta Association?
Association of growers who promote dry quality wines made from Riesling in Rheingau following more stringent rules than the German Wine Law . The emblem of 3 Roman arches.
Which Mountains are located next to the Mosel river?
Hunsruck Hills and Eifel Mountains.
Name the Bereichen of Mosel.
- Burg Cochem
- Bernkastel
- Ruwertal
- Saar
- Obermosel
- Moseltor
How does the Devonian slate impact grape growing in Mosel?
It releases the heat stored throughout the day during the night helping to defuse the night time low temperatures.
Where can we find single post system of vine training.
In Mosel, due to the steepness of the slopes which sometimes can be up to 100%.
List the most important Gemeinden in Bernkastel. Name at least 1 Einzellage for each.
- Trittenheim (Apotheke)
- Piesport (Goldtropfchen, Domherr)
- Brauneberg (Juffer, Juffer Sonnenuhr)
- Bernkastel - Kues (Doktor, Lay)
- Graach (Domprobst, Josephshofer, Himmelreich)
- Wehlen (Sonnenuhr)
- Zeltingen (Sonnenuhr)
- Urzig (Wurzgarten)
- Erden (Pralat, Treppchen)
Where is Winningen? Name 1 Einzellage within it.
Burg Cochem bereich in Mosel. Einzellage Uhlen. Heymann Lowenstein is a star producer.
What is the soil of Obermosel? What is the main grape?
Clacareous soil. The Elbling variety is producing simple fruit-forward whites and sparkling wines.
What are the tributaries of Mosel?
Ruwer and Saar.
List 2 Gemeinden in Ruwertal. Name 1 Einzellage for each.
- Eitelsbach (Karthauserhofberg)
- Mertesdorf (Abstberg, Herrenberg, Bruderberg)
List 2 Gemeinden in Saar. Name 1 Einzellage for each.
- Wiltingen (Scharzhofberg). Egon Muller lauded producer.
- Saarburg (Rausch)
- Kanzem (Altenberg, Horecker)
- Serrig (Schloss Saarstein, Würtzberg)
- Ockfen (Bockstein)
- Oberemmel (Hütte)
What is the biggest wine growing region in Germany?
Rheinhessen.
Which region in the world has the most Silvaner planted ?
Rheinhessen.
What is Liebfraumilch?
Cheap, high volume wine allowed to be produced in Nahe, Pfalz, Rheingau and Rheinhessen. It has to contain minimum 70% of Riesling, Muller-Thurgau, Silvaner and Kerner. Must contain minimum 18 grams RS per liter and cannot have varietals on the label.
Name the 3 Bereiche in Rheinhessen.
- Nierstein
- Wonnegau
- Bingen
List 2 Gemeinden in Nierstein, Rheinhessen. Name 1 Einzellage for each.
- Bodenheim (Burgweg)
- Nackenheim (Rothenberg)
- Nierstein (Hipping, Pettenthal)
- Openheim (Schützenhütte, Sackträger)
- Dienheim (Falkenberg, Tafelstein)